Article
Thermodynamics
Yuantao Zhu, Fei Tang, Zunxin Zhao, Qiang Wang
Summary: The experimental results showed that the lateral smoke extraction system affects the transverse temperature distribution, with the transverse temperature distribution curve showing good stratification phenomenon, and the maximum temperature point offsetting towards the direction of the lateral extraction vent. The data of the maximum temperature under different test conditions were analyzed, considering the influencing factors of lateral smoke extraction, and proposing a correlation of the maximum smoke temperature under the influence of lateral smoke extraction.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tong Xu, Fei Tang, Xuhao Xu, Qing He
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ambient pressure on the stability of smoke layers and maximum smoke temperature under ceiling in ventilated tunnels. It classifies smoke flow into three patterns and develops a model to predict maximum smoke temperature. The results provide valuable information for tunnel structure protection and safe evacuation in fire accidents at different ambient pressures.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lu He, Zhisheng Xu, Frank Markert, Jiaming Zhao, En Xie, Qiulin Liu, Chuangang Fan
Summary: This paper investigates the jet flow velocity in tunnel fire during different stages and proposes a prediction model for the gas expansion velocity. The predicted results are compared with numerical values and experimental values.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiaxin Li, Yanfeng Li, Junmei Li, Quan Yang
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of tunnel portal sealing ratio on fire behavior by simulating tilted tunnel fires. Results showed that the temperature distribution inside the tunnel and the temperature rise along the tunnel ceiling varied with the tunnel portal sealing ratio. A modified temperature decay model considering the tunnel entrance sealing ratio was proposed and validated by experimental measurements.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Longfei Chen, Xinyi Liu, Yujie Lan, Shanxin Zhou, Xiaosong Li, Xineng Yan, Haifeng Chen
Summary: In this study, the effects of sealing strategy on tunnel fires were investigated using a reduced-scale model tunnel. The results indicate that the sealing ratio and opening position have a significant impact on smoke movement and flame extension length. The flame extension length increases with increasing sealing ratio and fire source heat release rate, while it decreases with increasing source-ceiling height. When the total sealing ratio is 50%, the flame extension length is similar to that without sealing, but it becomes longer when the total sealing ratio is 75%. Empirical models were developed to predict the flame extension length beneath tunnel ceiling in sealed tunnels based on dimensional analysis.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Wang, Dongmei Gao, Xiaowei Kong, Xuepeng Jiang, Kaihua Lu
Summary: This study investigates the coupling effects of the double-slope stack effect, thermal buoyancy induced by V-shaped tunnel fire, and drag force generated by water spray system on fire smoke flow regulation. The findings suggest that increasing the water spray flow rate significantly improves the cooling effect on smoke temperature. Additionally, the water spray angle and tunnel slope have minimal contribution to smoke temperature cooling. The study also categorizes the stack effect on fire smoke flow into three zones based on fire source distance, and establishes a global ceiling smoke temperature distribution model by introducing fire source distance coefficients.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sanetoshi Saito, Yuki Yamauchi
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of the ceiling jet in tunnel fires and the impact of tunnel wall materials on heat loss. The scaling parameters of heat loss through tunnel walls were introduced by conducting a theoretical analysis, and the influence of thermal properties of the walls was quantitatively evaluated. The results show that heat loss through tunnel walls is expressed as a function of the Biot number and Fourier number, with the introduction of a combustion time requirement for model experiments.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Longfei Chen, Yujie Lan, Xinyi Liu, Yunping Yang, Xineng Yan, Haifeng Chen, Shanxin Zhou, Xiaosong Li, Tao Li
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of different sealing forms, heat release rates of fire source, and heights of fire source on the ceiling gas temperature rise and floor heat flux driven by strong fire plume in a tunnel. The experiments show that the ceiling gas temperature rise is lower under sealing effect compared to without sealing. The total sealing ratio, proportion of upper part sealing structure, and height of fire source are positively correlated with the temperature rise and floor heat flux. The longitudinal temperature rise along the tunnel ceiling attenuates rapidly near the fire source but slows down as the distance from the fire source increases. Prediction models for the longitudinal temperature rise decay and floor heat flux under sealing effect are proposed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Linjie Li, Wuchao Zhang, Zihe Gao, Liangwen Wei
Summary: The investigation into fire characteristics and propagation behavior in urban utility tunnels, especially with double fire sources, is of significant practical importance. In this study, a 1/8th scaled urban utility tunnel model was constructed to experimentally analyze flame merging and ceiling impingement behavior of transversely located double fire sources. The results indicate that the tunnel ceiling and sidewalls have minimal influence on flame merging for smaller heat release rates (HRR). However, as the HRR increases, the flame gradually extends to the tunnel ceiling and a stable ceiling jet flame extension is formed, with the tunnel ceiling and sidewalls promoting flame merging. Additionally, as the fire source spacings increase, the flame merging probability can be categorized into three stages: complete merging, intermittent merging, and complete separation. A predicting relation for the flame merging probability was obtained using a piecewise function.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiaming Zhao, Zhisheng Xu, Houlin Ying, Xueqi Guan, Kunkun Chu, Sylvain Marcial Sakepa Tagne, Haowen Tao
Summary: This study analyzed the temperature, velocity field, and visibility changes in subway carriages during fires using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The results showed that the distribution pattern of ceiling temperature and velocity field remains the same for different subway carriages fires. These findings support the formulation of operational safety management regulations and guidelines for long-distance intervals.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Aoi Tanno, Hideyuki Oka, Kyoko Kamiya, Yasushi Oka
Summary: In this study, fire tests were conducted to select a suitable method for determining the smoke layer interface height based on temperature distribution. The inflexion point method was proposed after comparing various methods and visually observing the smoke layer. The results showed that different methods were suitable for tunnels with different cross-sectional shapes.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sanetoshi Saito, Yuki Yamauchi
Summary: This study used numerical simulation to estimate the influence of tunnel wall property on gas temperature, finding that gas temperature beneath the ceiling is approximately the same when thermal inertias of tunnel walls are equal.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mingyan Gu, Qing He, Fei Tang
Summary: This paper investigated the flame extension characteristics and temperature distribution of a methane jet diffusion flame with hydrogen addition. A physical and mathematical model was derived to predict the flame extension area. Machine learning methods were also used to estimate the gas leakage flow rate from temperature data. The results demonstrate the potential for industrial combustion systems and fire safety engineering applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiaqiang Han, Zihao Wang, Pengqiang Geng, Fei Wang, Jennifer Wen, Fang Liu
Summary: The study investigated the coupling effect of blockage and tunnel slope on fire smoke spreading and ceiling temperature distribution in a metro depot with one closed end. It compared the fire plume behavior and ceiling temperature distribution in different slope situations and highlighted the impact of blockage on heat accumulation and fire burning rate. The coupling effect of blockage and tunnel slope was analyzed in relation to high temperature area at tunnel ceiling, and empirical correlations were proposed for temperature prediction.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Longfei Chen, Shanxin Zhou, Xiaosong Li, Tao Li, Hanwen Guo, Yanyao Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the variation rule of smoke back-layering length induced by strong fire plume in tunnel fire, considering different heat release rates, longitudinal ventilation velocities, and effective heights of fire source. The study concludes that the smoke back-layering length increases with the increase of effective height of fire source, but decreases with the increase of longitudinal ventilation velocity. Furthermore, it is found that the relationship between smoke back-layering length and heat release rate depends on the magnitude of heat release rate. The study proposes correction formulas for the smoke back-layering length changing with the effective height of fire source.
FIRE AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhong MaoHua, Shi CongLing, He Li, Shi JieHong, Liu Chang, Tian XiangLiang
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2016)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Tairan Fu, Minghao Duan, Jibin Tian, Congling Shi
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jian Li, Leonardo Duenas-Osorio, Changkun Chen, Congling Shi
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jian Li, Leonardo Duenas-Osorio, Changkun Chen, Congling Shi
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Biying Li, Tairan Fu, Congling Shi
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuewu Wang, Ke Xie, Tairan Fu, Congling Shi
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingyun Jing, Congling Shi
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingyun Jing, Xiaodong Qian, Yan Si, Guolin Liu, Congling Shi
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive summary of the preparation methods and applications of three-dimensional graphene-based aerogels (3D GAs), highlighting unresolved issues, challenges, and potential opportunities.
Article
Polymer Science
Yingzhe Zhang, Congling Shi, Xiaodong Qian, Jingyun Jing, Longzhe Jin
Summary: By introducing DOPO/silicon/CNT nanohybrid flame retardants into epoxy resins, the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of the composites are improved, reducing toxic gas release and increasing flame retardation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinghua Li, Xiaoping Liu, Gang Wang, Song Han, Congling Shi, Honglei Che
Summary: This paper investigates the cooperative control problem for a group of autonomous nonholonomic mobile robots. A distributed coupling controller scheme is proposed to solve the challenging problem of uniformly moving the robots to exact positions on circles centered on the target while avoiding obstacles encountered. The proposed scheme includes target encircling, phase positioning and spacing assignment, and obstacles avoidance.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Yongzheng Yao, Yintong Wang, Liang Chen, Fei Ren, Congling Shi
Summary: Longitudinal ventilation and smoke extraction through shafts are common smoke control methods in road tunnel fires. This study reveals that adopting a mixed method of smoke exhaust may have a better effect. The increase in longitudinal ventilation velocity initially decreases the smoke spread length, then keeps almost constant, and finally significantly increases. When the longitudinal ventilation velocity is less than 2 m/s, the length of the dangerous area at human height is basically 0. The CO smoke flow rate through the shaft is relatively high when the longitudinal ventilation velocity is within the range of 1-2 m/s for four kinds of shaft arrangement scenarios. The results provide reference for tunnel fire protection design.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ran Gao, Zhiyu Fang, Angui Li, Congling Shi, Lunfei Che
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiangliang Tian, Maohua Zhong, Congling Shi, Peihong Zhang, Chang Liu
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chang Liu, Maohua Zhong, Congling Shi, Peihong Zhang, Xiangliang Tian
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhi Ding, Xiao Zhang, Shao-Heng He, Yong-Jie Qi, Cun-Gang Lin
Summary: This study investigates the longitudinal behavior of a shield tunnel by designing and constructing a reduced-size indoor model. The results show that the longitudinal settlement of the tunnel follows a normal distribution, with the maximum settlement occurring at the central ring and increasing linearly with the applied load. Stress concentration typically occurs on the side of the tunnel waist under surcharge, resulting in transverse elliptical deformation of the entire structure.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lucia Lopez-de-Abajo, Marcos G. Alberti, Jaime C. Galvez
Summary: Assessing and predicting concrete damage is crucial for infrastructure management. This study quantifies gas concentrations in urban tunnels to achieve this goal.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chao He, Yinghao Cai, Chenqiang Pu, Shunhua Zhou, Honggui Di, Xiaohui Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of river channel excavation on adjacent metro tunnels and proposes protective measures based on an engineering project in Fuzhou, China. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed to calculate the displacements and distortion of tunnels under different excavation sequences and soil reinforcement measures. Real-time monitoring confirms that the vertical displacements and diametrical distortion of tunnels are primarily caused by the excavation of the river above the tunnels, while horizontal displacements are induced by the excavation next to the tunnels. The study recommends a combination of cement slurry with a portal form and concrete with a plate form for soil reinforcement and tunnel protection.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yaosheng Liu, Ang Li, Feng Dai, Ruochen Jiang, Yi Liu, Rui Chen
Summary: In this study, a hybrid model based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) and meta-heuristic algorithms was developed to improve blast performance during tunnel excavation. Precise prediction of post-blasting indicators was important for optimization, and a comparison of meta-heuristic algorithms was conducted to find the most suitable model. The results showed that the developed model effectively reduces overbreak areas and quantitatively analyzes the influence of geological conditions.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiang Shen, Yifan Chen, Liqiang Cao, Xiangsheng Chen, Yanbin Fu, Chengyu Hong
Summary: In this paper, a machine learning-based method for predicting the slurry pressure in shield tunnel construction is proposed. By considering the influence of fault fracture zones and setting the formation influence coefficient, the accuracy of the prediction is significantly improved.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shuying Wang, Zihao Zhou, Xiangcou Zheng, Jiazheng Zhong, Tengyue Zheng, Changhao Qi
Summary: A real-time assessment and monitoring approach based on laser scanning technology and point cloud data analysis was proposed to address the hysteresis in assessing the workability of conditioned soils and the inefficiency in estimating the soil volume flow rate in tunnelling practice. The approach was successfully applied in identifying the workability of conditioned soil and its discharge rate in the EPB shield tunnelling project.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Peng Jiang, Benchao Liu, Yuting Tang, Zhengyu Liu, Yonghao Pang
Summary: This study introduces a novel deep learning-based electrical method that jointly inverses resistivity and chargeability to estimate water-bearing structures and water volume. Compared with traditional linear inversion methods, the proposed method demonstrates superiority in locating and delineating anomalous bodies, reducing solution multiplicity.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haoyu Mao, Nuwen Xu, Zhong Zhou, Chun Sha, Peiwei Xiao, Biao Li
Summary: The study focuses on the delineation of rock mass damage zones and stability analysis of underground powerhouse in Lianghekou hydropower station. ESG monitoring system is used to monitor the inner micro-fracture activity of surrounding rock mass in real-time. Engineering analogy method is adopted to forecast the deformation period of surrounding rock mass and analyze the variation characteristics of seismic source parameters. The research results provide references for similar deep underground excavation engineering in terms of design and construction.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Junling Qiu, Dedi Liu, Kai Zhao, Jinxing Lai, Xiuling Wang, Zhichao Wang, Tong Liu
Summary: This study focuses on the construction surface cracks of large cross-section tunnels in loess strata of China. The mechanism of surface crack formation is analyzed, and factors such as settlement deformation, construction scheme, and surrounding soil environment are identified as the main contributors. Numerical simulations were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the influence of factors on surface cracks in loess tunnel construction. Specific measures for prevention and treatment of construction surface cracks are proposed to provide new ideas for surface crack control in loess tunnels.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ting Shang, Jiaxin Lu, Ying Luo, Song Wang, Zhengyu He, Aobo Wang
Summary: The study reveals significant variations in car-following behavior across different types of tunnels and consecutive sections of the same tunnel. As tunnel length increases, the driving stability of following vehicles decreases, but the level of driving safety risk is not positively correlated with tunnel length. Significant vehicle trajectory oscillation is observed within the inner sections of long and extra-long tunnels, and a significant relationship between the acceleration of following vehicles and the location within the tunnel section is found.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Rusi Zeng, Zhongwei Shen, Jun Luo
Summary: The urban underground complexes (UUCs) in China have been effective in solving urban problems, but users have expressed dissatisfaction with the internal physical environment. Personal characteristics and environmental factors play significant roles in determining users' satisfaction.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gabriel Lehmann, Heiko Kaeling, Sebastian Hoch, Kurosch Thuro
Summary: Analysing and predicting the advance rate of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) in hard rock is important for tunnelling projects. This study focuses on small-diameter TBMs and their unique characteristics, such as insufficient geotechnical information and special machine designs. A database of 37 projects with 70 geotechnically homogeneous areas is compiled to investigate the performance of small-diameter TBMs. The analysis shows that segment lining TBMs have higher penetration rates, and new approaches for the penetration prediction of pipe jacking machines in hard rock are proposed.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ting Ren, Ming Qiao, Jon Roberts, Jennifer Hines, Yang-Wai Chow, Wei Zong, Adrian Sugden, Mark Shepherd, Matthew Farrelly, Gareth Kennedy, Faisal Hai, Willy Susilo
Summary: Long-term exposure to coal and silica dust during underground tunnelling operations is a growing concern. To bridge the gap between knowledge in dust exposure monitoring and frontline workers, a virtual reality educational tool was developed to visualize ventilation and dust flow characteristics. This tool allows workers to better understand decision-making and best practices for dust controls.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dong Lin, Zhipeng Zhou, Miaocheng Weng, Wout Broere, Jianqiang Cui
Summary: Metro systems play a vital role in the transportation, economic, environmental and social aspects of cities. The uncertainties in construction, passenger comfort and safety, as well as efficiency and reliability of the metro system, have been widely studied. Metro systems influence urban development and have a positive impact on housing prices, public health, and environmental quality. Further research is needed to fill the research gaps and make recommendations for future studies.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wei Yu, Bo Wang, Xin Zi, Jie Dong
Summary: In this study, a whole-process analytical theory for the coupled deformation of deep circular tunnel surrounding rock and prestressed yielding anchor bolt (cable) system is derived and validated through numerical simulations. The results show that anchor bolts (cables) can significantly reduce the convergence of surrounding rock, and factors such as support timing and anchor cable length have important effects on the support effectiveness.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
