Article
Geography, Physical
Stiig Wilkenskjeld, Frederieke Miesner, Paul P. Overduin, Matteo Puglini, Victor Brovkin
Summary: This study investigates the impact of thawing subsea permafrost (SSPF) on climate change using an earth system model. The results show that in a high emission scenario, the melting rate of SSPF is more than 15 times faster than in pre-industrial times, while in more moderate scenarios, it is maximally 4 times faster. The study also finds that the length of the local open-water season is related to the melting rate.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica Fanzo, Coral Rudie, Iman Sigman, Steven Grinspoon, Tim G. Benton, Molly E. Brown, Namukolo Covic, Kathleen Fitch, Christopher D. Golden, Delia Grace, Marie-France Hivert, Peter Huybers, Lindsay M. Jaacks, William A. Masters, Nicholas Nisbett, Ruth A. Richardson, Chelsea R. Singleton, Patrick Webb, Walter C. Willett
Summary: Food systems are facing challenges with a changing climate, hunger and malnutrition, and social inequities, but there are opportunities for improvement. The global community can work together to transform food systems and address issues like malnutrition, climate change, and social inequalities. The nutrition and health communities play a key role in this transformative process.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis, George Paltoglou, Panayotes Demakakos, Faheem Ahmed, George P. Chrousos
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had long-lasting effects on people's health, societies, and the global economy. It is important to conduct longitudinal studies on the long-term impact of COVID-19 on children's development and to promote collaboration between scientists, healthcare providers, policymakers, and the younger generations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiwang Xiang, Minda Ma, Xin Ma, Liming Chen, Weiguang Cai, Wei Feng, Zhili Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the decarbonization progress of commercial building operations in 16 countries over the last two decades and reveals that emission factors and industrial structures are key to reducing carbon emissions. The energy intensity effects have started to promote global decarbonization in commercial building operations, and the implementation of specific strategies and measures has had a positive impact on decarbonization.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rotimi Abidoye, Benson Teck Heng Lim, Yu-Cheng Lin, Junge Ma
Summary: This study investigated the perspectives of property employers and graduates in Australia regarding property-related knowledge and skills. The results showed that problem solving and time management are the most important knowledge and skills for employers and graduates. Additionally, there were significant differences in the perceived importance of certain strategies between employers and graduates.
Review
Oncology
Giulia Bononi, Samuele Masoni, Valeria Di Bussolo, Tiziano Tuccinardi, Carlotta Granchi, Filippo Minutolo
Summary: This article discusses the phenomenon of tumors rewiring their metabolism to promote their growth, known as the Warburg effect. Extensive research has been conducted on the Warburg effect and its importance in various scientific fields.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fanny Arnaud, Lalandy Sehen Chanu, Jules Grillot, Jeremie Riquier, Herve Piegay, Dad Roux-Michollet, Georges Carrel, Jean-Michel Olivier
Summary: The translation provides insights into the importance of space and time analyses of channel changes within large rivers subject to high levels of human impact. The historical database on the French Rhone River offers valuable material for deeper analyses of channel changes over an extended time period. The dataset has applications in various fields and allows for comparisons with other multi-impacted rivers worldwide.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Wilke, Christian Kehlmaier, Bjoern Stelbrink, Christian Albrecht, Philippe Bouchet
Summary: Extinction rates are rising, but resources for conservation are limited. Some conservationists suggest prioritizing taxa with phylogenetic and trait-based originality to prevent the loss of evolutionary innovations. A study on a sessile snail species confirmed its originality and called for more attention to the loss of originality in invertebrates.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jerson Andres Cuellar-Saenz, Alvaro A. Faccini-Martinez, Alejandro Ramirez-Hernandez, Jesus Alfredo Cortes-Vecino
Summary: The study of rickettsioses in Colombia gained importance during the 20th century, with significant outbreaks reported in some regions. However, there is limited and scattered literature on the topic. This review of literature published during the 20th century reveals the broad distribution of typhus group and spotted fever group rickettsioses in different departments of Colombia.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Daniel Ossadnik, Jona Voss, Adelheid Godt
Summary: The article discusses the importance and synthesis strategy of substituted 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) in metal ion complexes. The use of solid-phase synthesis allows for the efficient synthesis of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane derivatives with different substituents, and demonstrates the broad applicability of this method in various types of reactions.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Umber Shafique, Umar Shafique Chaudhry, Alexander J. Towbin
Summary: The incorporation of artificial intelligence into radiological clinical workflow is imminent. Measures should be taken to educate radiologists on tool performance and failure modes and to design systems that avoid automation bias and decline in radiologist performance. The radiology community should provide education on algorithms, inputs and outputs, and potential failure modes. This manuscript will present suggestions on training radiologists to use these new digital systems, detecting AI errors, and maintaining diagnostic competency when the algorithm fails.
JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ya-Kui Huang, Yu-Hong Dai, Xin-Wei Liu
Summary: The novel gradient stepsize method, relying only on previous BB stepsizes, performs well in nonlinear optimization, particularly in quadratic and general unconstrained optimization, and can also solve extreme eigenvalue problems.
SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
O. Thomas, B. Le Bot, D. Verrey, S. Durand, C. Harpet, A. Froment, B. Jegou
Summary: Analysis of hair samples from the late 19th century in the Savoy region of France revealed high levels of lead contamination, especially among those living in towns or industrial valleys. Possible factors contributing to this contamination include environmental and economic changes, living habits, and local features. Further investigation is needed to explore the potential link between historical lead exposure and goiter in the study area.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chantal Camenisch, Fernando Jaume-Santero, Sam White, Qing Pei, Ralf Hand, Christian Rohr, Stefan Broennimann
Summary: We present a novel approach to assimilate climate information contained in historical texts for generating robust temperature and precipitation reconstructions of the Burgundian Low Countries, taking into account uncertainties associated with the descriptions of narrative sources. Our study demonstrates the potential of utilizing historical archives for climate reconstruction.
CLIMATE OF THE PAST
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Adele Ferretti, Ilaria Degano, Stefano Legnaioli, Beatrice Campanella, Aurora Sainati, Maria Perla Colombini
Summary: Throughout history, human beings have used writing as a means of communication and expression. This study focuses on the analysis of red inks produced in France during the late 19th to early 20th century. By utilizing various analytical techniques, the researchers were able to identify the dyes, pigments, binders, and additives used in these inks. The findings provide valuable insights into the early days of the synthetic dye industry.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Bennett M. Hardy, Erin Muths, Bradley A. Lambert, Scott C. Schneider, W. Chris Funk, Larissa L. Bailey
Summary: Understanding the causes of population variation in host response to disease, and the mechanisms of persistence, can serve as vital information for species conservation. One such mechanism of population persistence that has gained support is the demographic process of compensatory recruitment. However, high-elevation populations may be limited in their ability to exhibit compensatory recruitment relative to lower elevation populations.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sean Hoban, Michael W. Bruford, Jessica M. da Silva, W. Chris Funk, Richard Frankham, Michael J. Gill, Catherine E. Grueber, Myriam Heuertz, Margaret E. Hunter, Francine Kershaw, Robert C. Lacy, Caroline Lees, Margarida Lopes-Fernandes, Anna J. MacDonald, Alicia Mastretta-Yanes, Philip J. K. McGowan, Mariah H. Meek, Joachim Mergeay, Katie L. Millette, Cinnamon S. Mittan-Moreau, Laetitia M. Navarro, David O'Brien, Rob Ogden, Gernot Segelbacher, Ivan Paz-Vinas, Cristiano Vernesi, Linda Laikre
Summary: The goals and targets of the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) have evolved to include maintaining genetic diversity, restoring genetic connectivity, developing national conservation strategies, and reporting on these using feasible indicators.
CONSERVATION GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
William B. Lewis, Robert J. Cooper, Richard B. Chandler, Ryan W. Chitwood, Mason H. Cline, Michael T. Hallworth, Joanna L. Hatt, Jeff Hepinstall-Cymerman, Sara A. Kaiser, Nicholas L. Rodenhouse, T. Scott Sillett, Kirk W. Stodola, Michael S. Webster, Richard T. Holmes
Summary: Understanding the demographic drivers of range contractions is crucial for predicting species' responses to climate change. This study focuses on the effects of climate change on the black-throated blue warbler and reveals that climate change can drive trailing edge range contractions through impacts on survival and recruitment. Results show local extirpations and declines in populations at the trailing edge, indicating vulnerability to warming temperatures. Overall, this research highlights the complexities of demographic responses to climate change and the importance of local conditions in determining population declines and range shifts.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Emma A. Elliott Smith, Todd J. Braje, Kenneth W. Gobalet, Breana Campbell, Seth D. Newsome, Torben C. Rick
Summary: How human communities integrate within food webs is an important question in managing sustainable ecosystems. This study investigated the ecological role of people in a southern California marine ecosystem using multiple lines of evidence. The results suggest that the historical fish community was stable, and the local fishing strategies did not involve the preferential removal of large-bodied, high trophic level species.
Article
Ecology
Patricia E. Salerno, Lauren M. Chan, Gregory B. Pauly, W. Chris Funk, Jeanne M. Robertson
Summary: This study combines phylogenetic analyses with fossil data and historical specimen records to investigate the colonization histories and evolutionary processes of lizards inhabiting a near-shore island archipelago. The results suggest that the evolution of some lizard lineages has been influenced by ancient and contemporary human activity, while others are shaped by natural dispersal and vicariance caused by sea-level rise.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Review
Evolutionary Biology
Sheela P. Turbek, W. Chris Funk, Kristen C. Ruegg
Summary: Conservation units are essential for prioritizing areas for protection, but current methods often ignore the information contained in patterns of isolation by distance for continuously distributed species. This paper highlights potential problems and proposes a new framework for identifying conservation units in all organisms.
JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Torben C. Rick, Danielle Duguid, Sabrina B. Sholts, Megan D. Spitzer, Thomas A. Wake, Jon M. Erlandson
Summary: Sea level rise and marine erosion pose a threat to coastal archaeological sites worldwide, making it necessary to prioritize the documentation and analysis of these sites. This study focused on a severely eroded Late Holocene shell midden at Santa Rosa Island, California, and uncovered a diverse assemblage spanning about 1400 years. The findings include various animal remains, stone and bone tools, and evidence of marine mammal hunting, highlighting the research value of eroded sites at risk from rising seas.
JOURNAL OF ISLAND & COASTAL ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
N. L. Vokhshoori, T. C. Rick, T. J. Braje, M. D. McCarthy
Summary: Stable isotope proxies measured in the protein fraction of archaeological mollusc shell are important for reconstructing past ecological conditions. However, diagenetic alteration can affect the reliability of bulk stable isotope values. In this study, compound-specific isotopes of amino acids were examined and found to be more reliable for reconstructing past climatic and ecological conditions of nearshore marine environments.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. R. Trumbo, B. M. Hardy, H. J. Crockett, E. Muths, B. R. Forester, R. G. Cheek, S. J. Zimmerman, S. Corey-Rivas, L. L. Bailey, W. C. Funk
Summary: Wildlife diseases pose a major global threat to biodiversity. This study focuses on the endangered boreal toads in the southern Rocky Mountains, which suffer from lethal skin infections caused by the amphibian chytrid fungus. By using genomic analyses, researchers found low genetic diversity and population sizes, likely due to founder effects and population crashes caused by the fungus. The study also identified specific environmental factors that facilitate gene flow in the boreal toad population. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the toads experienced stronger selection pressure from the disease than from broad-scale environmental variations.
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
K. R. Zeller, A. Mauro, C. K. Ghalambor
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
A. S. Cicchino, A. A. Shah, B. R. Forester, J. B. Dunham, E. L. Landguth, N. L. R. Poff, C. K. Ghalambor, W. C. Funk
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John A. Erwin, Kenneth A. Logan, Daryl R. Trumbo, W. Chris Funk, Melanie Culver
Summary: This study investigated the effects of hunting on reproduction and genetic diversity in a puma population. The presence of hunting reduced the age of male breeders and decreased the number of unique fathers siring litters. Hunting also increased relatedness among males and decreased relatedness among females in the population, as well as decreased genetic diversity.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
William B. Lewis, Robert J. Cooper, Michael T. Hallworth, Alicia R. Brunner, T. Scott Sillett
Summary: The declining population of black-throated blue warblers at the southern edge of their breeding range in North Carolina may be exacerbated by forest loss in the Dominican Republic. The study also found differences in migratory routes and non-breeding areas between populations at the core of the range in New Hampshire and the declining population in North Carolina.
AVIAN CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sara A. Kaiser, Kathryn C. Grabenstein, T. Scott Sillett, Michael S. Webster
Summary: This study found that food availability does not affect offspring sex ratio in the migratory black-throated blue warbler, contradicting the predictions of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis. It highlights the challenges of studying mechanisms driving patterns in offspring sex allocation in migratory species.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Amanda S. Cicchino, Alisha A. Shah, Brenna R. Forester, Jason B. Dunham, N. LeRoy Poff, Cameron K. Ghalambor, W. Chris Funk
Summary: Adaptive plasticity in thermal tolerance traits can buffer organisms against changing temperatures, but there is significant variation among populations. Thus, considering population variation is crucial when assessing physiological vulnerability to future warming.
