Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Morteza Banakar, Masoud Hamidi, Zohaib Khurshid, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Janak Sapkota, Reza Azizian, Dinesh Rokaya
Summary: This review discusses the application of electrochemical biosensors in pathogen detection. The study comprehensively discusses transduction elements, biorecognition components, and electrode changes in electrochemical biosensors. It categorizes pathogen detection methods based on sample preparation and secondary binding processes, and highlights the potential benefits of electrochemical biosensors in medicine, environmental monitoring, and biothreat detection.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Emanuel Bilbao, Octavio Garate, Theo Rodriguez Campos, Mariano Roberti, Mijal Mass, Alex Lozano, Gloria Longinotti, Leandro Monsalve, Gabriel Ybarra
Summary: Sweat analysis using minimally invasive wearable sensors has the potential to disrupt the assessment of clinical parameters, with exciting applications in early medical diagnostics and high-performance sports. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors are particularly attractive for their ability to electronically integrate with wearable devices. In this article, we review the potential and limitations of electrochemical sweat (bio)sensors, including target analytes, transduction techniques, sweat sample collection, miniaturized electronic instrumentation, and machine learning signal processing.
Article
Biophysics
Maria A. Komkova, Andrei A. Poyarkov, Artem A. Eliseev, Andrei A. Eliseev
Summary: Despite the increasing popularity of non-invasive instant monitoring of sweat metabolites, the reliability and accuracy of on-skin electrochemical biosensors in real-life situations are still uncertain. This study investigates the factors affecting the performance of commonly used Prussian Blue based sensors under different flow conditions. The results show that flow rate significantly impacts the sensor response, which can be attributed to limitations in analyte influx and reaction product outflux. Strategies for reliable sweat analysis, including measurement schemes and sensor design, are discussed and illustrated for lactate and glucose monitoring.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lorico D. S. Lapitan Jr, Mariusz Pietrzak, Marek Krawczyk, Elzbieta Malinowska
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death globally in 2020. The complexity of the disease and the low survival rate are due to late-stage diagnosis. Therefore, developing simple, sensitive, and rapid screening methods for early detection is necessary. Recent studies have shown promising HCC biomarkers and ultrasensitive biosensor technologies that could significantly improve diagnosis.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Ehsan Dezhakam, Balal Khalilzadeh, Mahdi Mahdipour, Ibrahim Isildak, Hadi Yousefi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Abdolhossein Naseri, Reza Rahbarghazi
Summary: The tumor microenvironment is made up of multiple cell types, including cancer cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Studies have shown that cancer cells can influence other cells within the tumor region by releasing nano-sized extracellular vesicles known as exosomes in a paracrine manner, leading to accelerated tumor growth. Exosomes carry valuable information and can reflect changes in metabolic and proteomic profiles in parent tumor cells, making them potential prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools with specific biomarkers for different types of tumors. However, traditional exosome separation and purification methods are time-consuming and laborious with low abnormal morphology and purity rate. In recent years, biosensor-based techniques have emerged as promising approaches for the detection and analysis of exosomes in biofluids due to their suitable specificity, sensitivity, and real-time readout. This review also discusses the potential advantages of electrochemical biosensors in determining tumor grade based on exosomal cargo and profile, as well as the present and future challenges in applying electrochemical biosensors in a clinical setting.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anna B. N. Nguyen, Marcos Maldonado, Dylan Poch, Tyler Sodia, Andrew Smith, Teisha J. Rowland, Andrew J. Bonham
Summary: Diagnosing celiac disease (CD) is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other diseases and invasive diagnostics. A proposed less invasive method using an electrochemical DNA biosensor for CD-specific autoantibodies shows promise in detecting CD-specific patient-derived AABs, with the potential to improve diagnostic tools in the future.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zohaib Saddique, Muhammad Faheem, Amir Habib, Iftikhar UlHasan, Adnan Mujahid, Adeel Afzal
Summary: In the post-pandemic era, point-of-care (POC) diagnosis of diseases using portable electrochemical (bio)sensors is an important research frontier. This article provides a critical review of electrochemical creatinine (bio)sensors, discussing the different receptors and electrochemical devices used, as well as their limitations. The challenges in developing affordable and deliverable creatinine diagnostics and the drawbacks of enzyme-based and enzymeless electrochemical biosensors are elaborated. These devices have potential biomedical applications for early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and routine monitoring of creatinine in at-risk individuals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhong Guo, Oleh Smutok, Wayne A. Johnston, Cagla Ergun Ayva, Patricia Walden, Brett McWhinney, Jacobus P. J. Ungerer, Artem Melman, Evgeny Katz, Kirill Alexandrov
Summary: This study presents a technique for constructing modular electrochemical biosensors based on PQQ-GDH, which have high affinity and sensitivity for measuring concentrations of small molecules and proteins. This biosensor technology shows excellent performance in detecting Cyclosporine A.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Shuai Zhang, Feilong Rong, Chuanpan Guo, Fenghe Duan, Linghao He, Minghua Wang, Zhihong Zhang, Mengmeng Kang, Miao Du
Summary: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising porous crystalline materials with various applications due to their large surface areas, tunable pore scales, and good adsorption capabilities. They have been utilized for developing highly sensitive and selective biosensors, particularly for early cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring, by anchoring diverse probes for construction of electrochemical biosensors.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Muthusankar Eswaran, Bavatharani Chokkiah, Santosh Pandit, Shadi Rahimi, Ragupathy Dhanusuraman, Mahaboobbatcha Aleem, Ivan Mijakovic
Summary: Field effect transistor (FET)-based nanoelectronic biosensors provide a viable route for cancer biomarker detection. Researchers have made significant efforts to address issues such as sensitivity, selectivity, and operational conditions to improve the sensing performance of FETs. This review discusses the fabrication of FETs, choice of bioreceptors, operational conditions, and strategies for improving the sensing performance of FET-based diagnostic devices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xingcheng Zhou, Daena A. Schuh, Lauren M. Castle, Ariel L. Furst
Summary: In the field of infectious disease diagnostics, access to healthcare resources is unequal. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, especially those that can be used in non-laboratory settings, are appealing for disease control in resource-limited environments. To improve the sensitivity and specificity, signal amplification strategies have been developed for electrochemical biosensors. This perspective reviews recent advances in signal amplification strategies, specifically for biosensors that detect nucleic acids and pathogenic microbes. These strategies are classified into target-based amplification and signal-based amplification. The authors also emphasize the importance of designing signal amplification strategies that are tailored to the application location and disease target, and that take into account the resources required for production and operation of the sensor, particularly when the sensor is intended for use in low-resource settings. It is anticipated that incorporating signal-based amplification strategies will expand the usage of electrochemical POC devices for diagnosing infectious diseases in various settings.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
K. Yugender Goud, K. Koteshwara Reddy, Ahmed Khorshed, V. Sunil Kumar, Rupesh K. Mishra, Mohamed Oraby, Alyaa Hatem Ibrahim, Hern Kim, K. Vengatajalabathy Gobi
Summary: Infectious diseases caused by viruses have the potential to lead to undesired pandemics, impacting global population and normal life function. Timely detection, treatment, isolation and prevention of spreading infectious diseases are critical to avoid global impairment of life. This review article emphasizes recent advancements in electrochemical diagnostics of life-threatening viruses and highlights challenges in translating laboratory research to real-world device applications and prospects for commercialization of electrochemical diagnostic devices.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Kai Lian, Hongyu Feng, Shixian Liu, Kaiji Wang, Qiong Liu, Liping Deng, Guanyu Wang, Yuhuan Chen, Guozhen Liu
Summary: Insulin plays a crucial role in controlling blood glucose levels and protein synthesis, but abnormal levels can lead to diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Accurate measurement of insulin levels is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. Current detection methods are time-consuming and expensive, but biosensing technologies offer potential solutions.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rachel Samson, Mahesh Dharne
Summary: The post-COVID-19 mucormycosis is a rare but deadly disease that has been rapidly increasing in India during the second wave of the pandemic. Early diagnosis is crucial for a better prognosis, and prevention and effective management require accurate diagnosis and a multimodal therapeutic approach.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Sanam Dolati, Jafar Soleymani, Seyed Kazem Shakouri, Ahmad Mobed
Summary: Acute ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death globally, with challenging diagnosis and a lack of rapid diagnostic tests. Biomarker-based diagnostic approaches have shown significant value in stroke management. The review focuses on summarizing optical and electrochemical biosensors for detecting critical biomarkers in stroke.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Vishal Chaudhary, Virat Khanna, Hafiz Taimoor Ahmed Awan, Kamaljit Singh, Mohammad Khalid, Yogendra Kumar Mishra, Shekhar Bhansali, Chen-Zhong Li, Ajeet Kaushik
Summary: This article introduces the fifth-generation portable intelligent and multifunctional biosensors embedded on a single chip, which are used for current public health emergencies. The article discusses in detail the advancements in MXene fabrication, physicochemical properties, and the application prospects of MXene-based biosensors in the medical field, as well as the sustainability and challenges associated with these technologies.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Hayder M. M. Al-kuraishy, Ali I. Al-Gareeb, Ajeet Kaushik, Malgorzata Kujawska, Eman A. Ahmed, Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) involves the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons due to neurodegeneration, with the presence of Lewy bodies and inflammation in the brain. The neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 and its induction of cytokine storm and neuroinflammation may contribute to PD development. However, overexpression of alpha-synuclein in PD patients may limit SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and neuron degeneration, despite the virus accelerating alpha-synuclein aggregation. Further studies are needed to authenticate the potential link between COVID-19 and PD. Additionally, graphene-based nanoscale platforms may offer antiviral and anti-amyloid strategies against PD in the context of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Malgorzata Kujawska, Ajeet Kaushik
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Dhiraj Kumar, Mahdieh Moghiseh, Kenny Chitcholtan, Isha Mutreja, Chiara Lowe, Ajeet Kaushik, Anthony Butler, Peter Sykes, Nigel Anderson, Aamir Raja
Summary: Emerging multifunctional nanoparticulate formulations, with nano-meter scale size and surface chemistry, can act as therapeutic delivery agents and diagnostic tools for non-invasive real-time monitoring using imaging technologies. This study evaluated the selective uptake of 18 nm and 80 nm sized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by ovarian cancer (OC) cells in vitro, and found that the 18 nm AuNPs were taken up 4 times more by SKOV3 cells compared to OVCAR5 cells. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was conjugated to the surface of the AuNPs, making them potential contrast agents for novel spectral photon-counting CT imaging technology and a promising approach for targeted therapy of ovarian cancer.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mehar Singh, Abhinav Kapur, Urmila Chakraborty, Moondeep Chauhan, Gurpreet Kaur, Ajeet Kaushik, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Ganga Ram Chaudhary
Summary: This research reports the fabrication of dodecylamine-capped hafnium oxide nanomaterial for highly selective and sensitive detection of sulfide electrochemically. The fabricated sensor exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic oxidation of sulfide with fast electron transfer and nanomolar limit of detection. The method provides a green and economic approach for sulfide detection with high stability and charge density.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Vivek P. Chavda, Rajashri Bezbaruah, Disha Valu, Bindra Patel, Anup Kumar, Sanjay Prasad, Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti, Ajeet Kaushik, Mariya Jesawadawala
Summary: The COVID-19 breakout had a devastating impact globally, resulting in millions of deaths and significant economic burdens. However, the determination of the SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequence and global efforts to develop potential vaccines have provided a glimmer of hope. Adenoviral vector-based vaccines have shown promise due to their higher immune response, better manufacturing processes, safety, efficacy, and manageable storage procedures. As of April 2022, the WHO has approved three adenoviral vector-based vaccines, among a total of 10 vaccines approved worldwide for COVID-19.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seyedeh Nooshin Banitaba, Dariush Semnani, Elahe Heydari-Soureshjani, Waqas Ul Arifeen, Tae Jo Ko, Behzad Rezaei, Ali A. Ensafi, Masoud Latifi, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Ajeet Kumar Kaushik
Summary: This study investigated the use of NiNP@RF@Fe3O4 structures as a filler in a polymer electrolyte for solid-state lithium-ion batteries. The introduction of these particles improved the conductivity, resulting in a rougher surface, increased ion pair dissociation, fewer crystalline domains, and better thermal stability.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vishal Chaudhary, Sarvesh Rustagi, Ajeet Kaushik
Summary: The current public health emergencies have increased the demand for efficient biosensors for rapid diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prevention of associated diseases and deaths. The widespread use of biosensors raises the urgent need for biosensor-associated waste management. However, little attention is being paid to addressing this serious issue. This article highlights the state-of-the-art green biosensors based on bioderived nanostructures used to construct their sensing layer, electrodes, circuitry, and substrates. The utilization of bioderived-NS, bio waste, and green solvents supports sustainable, circular, and green economy without harming planetary health.
CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Isha Mutreja, Dhiraj Kumar, Ajeet Kaushik, Yogendra Kumar Mishra
Summary: In the field of dentistry research, there is a need for affordable and biologically acceptable functional antibacterial nanostructures for dental care. Nanolipids have emerged as potential materials for developing the next generation of dental treatment modalities. However, there is a knowledge gap in the development of high-quality nanolipid formulations and their introduction into dental research. This study aims to bridge this gap, exploring the use of programmable nanolipids for targeted dental issues, and discussing their future in clinical adaptability.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Vivek Kamat, Preyojon Dey, Dhananjay Bodas, Ajeet Kaushik, Alicia Boymelgreen, Shekhar Bhansali
Summary: Fabricating high-performance nanoparticles with unique properties requires maintaining identical characteristics throughout the processing and application process system. Microfluidic technology provides a unique approach to synthesize nanoparticles with size control, making it suitable for potential biomedical applications. This review discusses various strategies for synthesizing nanoparticles using active microfluidic reactors and explores the challenges and prospects in this field.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sarah Asgari, Bahareh Farasati Far, Gholamreza Charmi, Parisa Haji Maghsoudi, Shadi Keihankhadiv, Mohammad Seyedhamzeh, Ajeet Kumar Kaushik
Summary: This study demonstrates the development of a controlled-release drug delivery system for hydrocortisone using chitosan-grafted poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-coated core-shell Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoformulations. The results show that the nanoparticles exhibit a higher release rate at lower pH values and temperature-responsive drug release. The nanoparticles effectively enhance the solubility, loading capacity, and targeted delivery of the drug, improving its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability.
ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tuba Oz, Ajeet Kumar Kaushik, Malgorzata Kujawska
Summary: This review discusses the potential of tailored graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). GBNs show promise in targeting mechanisms contributing to PD neurodegeneration, such as alpha-synuclein aggregation, autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, GBNs can be applied in nanomedicine, regenerative medicine, and biosensors, but so far, their use is limited to computational and early-stage experimental studies, and their biocompatibility and safety need further evaluation.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kamil Reza Khondakar, M. S. Anwar, Hirak Mazumdar, Ajeet Kaushik
Summary: The number of cancer cases is increasing globally, without difference between rich and undeveloped countries. Many nations still face serious obstacles in cancer screening and treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for quick screening tools and better cancer management to reduce the mortality rate.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Nahid Tyagi, Gaurav Sharma, Deepak Kumar, Pashupati Pratap Neelratan, Deepanshu Sharma, M. Khanuja, Manoj K. Singh, Vishal Singh, Ajeet Kaushik, Sanjeev K. Sharma
Summary: Due to their controlled and manipulative properties, 2D MXenes-based sensors are highly efficient in detecting various types of organic or pharmaceutical contaminants. MXene's photocatalytic and adsorption capabilities make it a promising material for wastewater treatment.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mehar Singh, Moondeep Chauhan, Yogendra K. Mishra, Scott L. Wallen, Gurpreet Kaur, Ajeet Kaushik, Ganga Ram Chaudhary
Summary: In this study, a novel nanomaterial based on CP-capped HfO2 was developed for efficient electrochemical sensing of the noxious pollutant 2-NPT. The CP@HfO2 nanomaterials showed electron-rich and surface-active sites, which improved the stability of the nanomaterials and enabled selective detection of 2-NPT. The CP@HfO2-NMs/Au sensor exhibited high sensitivity, low detection limit, and wide linear dynamic range, making it an effective analytical tool for selective 2-NPT detection in environmental water samples.
JOURNAL OF NANOSTRUCTURE IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)