Electrochemical sensing platform based on molecularly imprinted polymer decorated N,S co-doped activated graphene for ultrasensitive and selective determination of cyclophosphamide

A novel electrochemical sensor has been facilely fabricated by applying composite elements consisting of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped activated graphene (N,S-AGR) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). N,S-AGR was synthesized by one-pot pyrogenation of a mixture of thiourea, KOH and graphene oxide, which was introduced to improve electron transfer capability and surface area of the electrode, while the electropolymerized MIP layer afforded simultaneous recognition and quantification of cyclophosphanaide (CPA) by utilizing Fe(CN)(6)(3-/4-) as probe to indicate electrical signals. Under the optimal conditions, a calibration curve of current shift versus concentration of CPA was got in the range of 8x10(-12)-8x10(-7) mol L-1, and the developed sensor gave a remarkably low detection limit (LOD) of 3.4x10(-12) mol L-1 (S/N=3). Moreover, the as-prepared sensor illustrated other good merits like stability and selectivity, and played a role in real-time therapeutic drug monitoring after CPA administration in rabbit.