Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Boicean, Victoria Birlutiu, Cristian Ichim, Paula Anderco, Sabrina Birsan
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex diseases characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown increasing effectiveness and safety in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and CDI. By modifying the gut microbiota, FMT offers an alternative approach to indirectly influence the host's immune system in a safe way, improving clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings in IBD patients. Further validation is needed to establish a clinical protocol for FMT in IBD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Haneishi, Yuma Furuya, Mayu Hasegawa, Antonio Picarelli, Mauro Rossi, Junki Miyamoto
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rapidly increasing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. Recent research suggests that factors such as genetics, environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in its development, but the underlying causes are unclear. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, particularly a decrease in specific genera, has been identified as a possible trigger for IBD. Improving gut microbiota and identifying specific bacterial species are crucial for understanding and treating IBD and autoimmune diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jie Wu, Liang Lv, Chunlian Wang
Summary: The meta-analysis examined the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and found inconsistent results. FMT administered via colonoscopy or gastroscope may benefit IBS patients and improve their quality of life. However, the quality of evidence supporting the use of FMT in IBS is very low.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Satu Wedenoja, Aki Saarikivi, Jani Malkonen, Saara Leskinen, Markku Lehto, Krishna Adeshara, Jetta Tuokkola, Anne Nikkonen, Laura Merras-Salmio, Miikka Hoyhtya, Sohvi Horkko, Anu Haaramo, Anne Salonen, Willem M. de Vos, Katri Korpela, Kaija-Leena Kolho
Summary: The fecal microbiota of patients with congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) is different from that of healthy individuals or patients with Crohn's disease. However, no significant differences were found between CLD and CLD-associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Supplementation with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate did not have major effects on the fecal microbiota or biomarkers in CLD.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Stojek, Anna Jablonska, Krystian Adrych
Summary: The exact pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and exaggerated immune responses. Current management strategies focus on correcting immune responses, with potential new treatments like FMT showing promising results.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hana Cipcic Paljetak, Anja Baresic, Marina Panek, Mihaela Peric, Mario Matijasic, Ivana Lojkic, Ana Barisic, Darija Vranesic Bender, Dina Ljubas Kelecic, Marko Brinar, Mirjana Kalauz, Marija Milicevic, Dora Grgic, Niksa Turk, Irena Karas, Silvija Cukovic-Cavka, Zeljko Krznaric, Donatella Verbanac
Summary: This study compares the differences in gut microbiota between newly diagnosed, treatment-naive adult inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients (CD and UC) with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and healthy individuals. The results show that changes in gut microbiota are detectable at the onset of disease and may play a significant role in the development of IBD.
Review
Pediatrics
Marleen Bouhuys, Willem S. Lexmond, Patrick F. van Rheenen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, immune-mediated disorders that include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Pediatric onset of the disease occurs in about 10% of cases. The management of pediatric IBD has evolved, with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy being used upfront for patients at high risk for complications. Biochemical or endoscopic remission is the therapeutic goal, and pediatric IBD comes with unique challenges such as growth impairment and psychological issues. General pediatricians play a crucial role in integrating these challenges in the clinical care of patients with IBD and optimizing their outcomes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Prashant Singh, Eric J. Alm, John M. Kelley, Vivian Cheng, Mark Smith, Zain Kassam, Judy Nee, Johanna Iturrino, Anthony Lembo
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation is an effective strategy to correct microbial dysbiosis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. For patients with IBS-D, FMT with antibiotic pretreatment significantly reduces bacterial engraftment.
Article
Microbiology
Nathaniel D. Chu, Jessica W. Crothers, Le T. T. Nguyen, Sean M. Kearney, Mark B. Smith, Zain Kassam, Cheryl Collins, Ramnik Xavier, Peter L. Moses, Eric J. Alm
Summary: The study on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with ulcerative colitis revealed dynamic colonization and persistence of transferred microbes, along with evaluation of microbial functions, including interactions with the host immune system. This research sheds light on the potential role of transferred microbial interactions in gut microbiome therapeutics for immune related diseases.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaochen Zhang, Dai Ishikawa, Toshifumi Ohkusa, Shinji Fukuda, Akihito Nagahara
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal mucosa with a complex etiology. The altered gut microbiota in IBD patients is associated with dysbiosis, leading to disease. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promising efficacy and safety in the treatment of IBD, but further optimization is needed for its implementation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Flavia Maria Pavel, Cosmin Mihai Vesa, Gina Gheorghe, Camelia C. Diaconu, Manuela Stoicescu, Mihai Alexandru Munteanu, Elena Emilia Babes, Delia Mirela Tit, Mirela Marioara Toma, Simona Bungau
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by chronic gut inflammation due to genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Microbial studies have identified the role of gut microbiome in IBD pathophysiology, highlighting the importance of microbiome management in treatment, with probiotics and prebiotics showing beneficial effects.
Article
Microbiology
Yayuan Yang, Baiqiang Cui, Yanan Lv, Xiangnan Lu, Wenxiang Shen, Min Feng, Xuezhi Ding, Pengcheng Dong, Yu Wang
Summary: This study found that Plateau pika feces can alleviate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and promote a healthy gut microbiota in mice. Plateau pika feces transfer also improved the mice's body-weight, disease activity index, and histological scores. The findings suggest the potential of Plateau pika feces as an alternative therapy for IBD.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chatpol Samuthpongtorn, Piyawat Kantagowit, Rapat Pittayanon, Tanisa Patcharatrakul, Sutep Gonlachanvit
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) significantly improved short-term symptoms of IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL in IBS patients. However, there was no significant improvement in global symptoms. Well-defined donors and appropriate fecal administration routes appear to be important factors for the successful outcomes of FMT in IBS.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mancai Wang, Xiaofeng Xie, Songbo Zhao, Xiaojuan Ma, Zheyuan Wang, Youcheng Zhang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that a single stool FMT is effective and safe for patients with IBS. However, the effectiveness of FMT may be influenced by certain factors, and the relationship between the gut microbiome and the effect of FMT for IBS remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xue Guo, Chen Huang, Jing Xu, Haoming Xu, Le Liu, Hailan Zhao, Jiaqi Wang, Wenqi Huang, Wu Peng, Ye Chen, Yuqiang Nie, Yongjian Zhou, Youlian Zhou
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by relapse and remission, making it challenging to diagnose and assess disease activity. Traditional biomarkers from plasma and stool lack specificity, while changes in gut microbiota are closely associated with IBD etiology and pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Scott W. Olesen, Elizabeth A. Torrone, John R. Papp, Robert D. Kirkcaldy, Marc Lipsitch, Yonatan H. Grad
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Scott W. Olesen, Derek MacFadden, Yonatan H. Grad
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2019)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amy M. Tsou, Scott W. Olesen, Eric J. Alm, Scott B. Snapper
Article
Immunology
Caroline Zellmer, Mohamad R. A. Sater, Miriam H. Huntley, Majdi Osman, Scott W. Olesen, Bharat Ramakrishna
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation is recommended for multiply recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, but transmission of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from donors can lead to adverse events. Improved screening can help prevent future transmission.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Scott W. Olesen, Ylaine Gerardin
Summary: Re-evaluation of published FMT clinical trials for IBD revealed little evidence for significant donor effects in most studies, but the data was insufficient to rule out the clinical importance of donor effects. Large clinical trials prospectively designed to detect donor effects are likely needed to determine the relevance of donor effects for IBD.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Scott W. Olesen, Amanda Zaman, Majdi Osman, Bharat Ramakrishna
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Scott W. Olesen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen M. Kissler, Joseph R. Fauver, Christina Mack, Scott W. Olesen, Caroline Tai, Kristin Y. Shiue, Chaney C. Kalinich, Sarah Jednak, Isabel M. Ott, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Jay Wohlgemuth, James Weisberger, John DiFiori, Deverick J. Anderson, Jimmie Mancell, David D. Ho, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Yonatan H. Grad
Summary: The study analyzed the viral RNA trajectories for 68 individuals during the resumption of the NBA season, finding that viral RNA concentrations typically peak 3.3 days after the onset of infection, with differences in the duration of the clearance phase between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. A second test within 2 days after an initial positive PCR test improves certainty about the infection stage, and the sensitivity of tests decreases with longer turnaround times.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Scott W. Olesen, Eric Trabert
Summary: This article focuses on the importance of collaboration between decision-makers and modelers in effectively applying infectious disease modeling to public health decision-making. It proposes a set of guiding principles to improve the working relationships between decision-makers and modelers, aiming to enhance the utility of infectious disease modeling in public health decision-making.
DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daphne S. Sun, Stephen M. Kissler, Sanjat Kanjilal, Scott W. Olesen, Marc Lipsitch, Yonatan H. Grad
Summary: Understanding the relationship between antibiotic use and resistance is crucial for guiding effective strategies to limit resistance spread. Research findings showed that the use-resistance relationship varied across different pathogens and antibiotics, with resistance peaking in the winter and spring. These findings challenge the simple model of antibiotic use independently selecting for resistance and highlight the importance of considering differences between pathogens and antibiotics when developing stewardship strategies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Djenet Bousbaine, Laura Fisch, Mariya London, Preksha Bhagchandani, Tiago B. Rezende de Castro, Mark Mimee, Scott Olesen, Bernardo S. Reis, David VanInsberghe, Juliana Bortolatto, Mathilde Poyet, Ross W. Cheloha, John Sidney, Jingjing Ling, Aaron Gupta, Timothy K. Lu, Alessandro Sette, Eric J. Alm, James J. Moon, Gabriel D. Victora, Daniel Mucida, Hidde L. Ploegh, Angelina M. Bilate
Summary: The microbiome plays a role in the development and maturation of the immune system. CD4(+) T cells in the intestine differentiate into different subtypes in response to commensal bacteria. The development of CD4IELs in the small intestine depends on the microbiota. Beta-hexosaminidase, a conserved enzyme in commensal bacteria, drives the differentiation of CD4IELs. In a mouse model of colitis, beta-hexosaminidase-specific lymphocytes protect against intestinal inflammation.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Scott W. Olesen
Summary: This article reviews the strengths and limitations of models of antibiotic resistance and discusses their possible applications in the context of mass drug administration with azithromycin.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Marina Santiago, Scott W. Olesen
Summary: The study conducted 16S rRNA sequencing on stool donor samples from a large stool bank, OpenBiome, to characterize gut microbial community and compare samples across different timepoints and sequencing runs. Data was obtained from 200 samples derived from 170 unique stool donations from 86 unique donors, providing valuable insights into the role of microbial communities in health and disease.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott W. Olesen, Marc Lipsitch, Yonatan H. Grad
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sukhyun Ryu, Benjamin J. Cowling, Peng Wu, Scott Olesen, Christophe Fraser, Daphne S. Sun, Marc Lipsitch, Yonatan H. Grad
JAC-ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2019)