Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jeana L. Drake, Maxence Guillermic, Robert A. Eagle, David K. Jacobs
Summary: Scleractinian coral skeletons, especially those partially recrystallized, may retain organic molecular components that can provide valuable information about past oceanic, ecological, and genetic conditions. Despite previous assumptions, partially recrystallized coral skeletons could still be useful at the microstructural level.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luca Legnani, Andrea Daru, Alexander X. Jones, Donna G. Blackmond
Summary: Enantioenriched amino acids are produced through a hydrolytic kinetic resolution mediated by chiral pentose sugars, shedding light on their role in the emergence of homochirality in biological molecules.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mohammad R. Sadrian, Wendy M. Calvin, Johann P. Engelbrecht, Hans Moosmuller
Summary: We investigated the mineralogy of global surface soils, which are likely similar to atmospheric dust aerosols, using reflectance and transmission measurements in visible, shortwave, and longwave infrared regions. Spectroscopy proved to be complementary to other techniques and exhibited better identification of specific minerals in these samples. Our findings can contribute to the enhancement of global soil atlases and the interpretation of data obtained from remote sensing instruments.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Florias Mees, Georges Stoops, Bruno Delvaux, Florian Buyse, Sylvia Lycke, Peter Vandenabeele, Eric Van Ranst
Summary: Abundant bayerite, a rare Al(OH)3 polymorph, was found in the lower part of a shallow profile on volcanic ash from Isla Santa Cruz of the Galápagos archipelago. The bayerite is present as thin coatings along the sides of pores, including planar voids and narrow channels, and is associated with gibbsite. The formation of bayerite is believed to be a result of rapid crystallization from Al-rich solutions, while gibbsite is considered to be a product of ongoing bayerite transformation.
Article
Ecology
Richard P. Fiorella, Steven A. Kannenberg, William R. L. Anderegg, Russell K. Monson, James R. Ehleringer
Summary: Isotope ratios of tree-ring cellulose are important for reconstructing paleoclimate and plant response to environmental changes. This study found that the signal of carbohydrates exported from leaf to branch may deviate from mean leaf values if there is spatial heterogeneity in isotope ratios in the leaf. The result suggests that the conditions producing differential isotope effects between branch phloem and needle sugars could improve tree-ring-based climate reconstructions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Meng Sun, Bintao Zhao, Zhixiang Cai, Juan Yan, Ruijuan Ma, Mingliang Yu
Summary: This study investigated and compared the amino acid profiles in peaches, revealing differences in amino acid concentrations and compositions among different varieties. Yellow and white flesh varieties had higher total amino acid concentrations, while some red flesh varieties had lower total amino acid concentrations. Several varieties with satisfactory amino acid concentrations and compositions were identified, which is important for producing high-quality peach wine with specific characteristics.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nenad Tomasic, Andrea Cobic, Matija Bedekovic, Slobodan Miko, Nikolina Ilijanic, Nikola Gizdavec, Mario Matosevic
Summary: The Tosici-Dujici bauxite deposit in Croatia's Dalmatian inlands contains minor remaining bauxite reserves and is situated on Lower Eocene foraminiferal limestone covered by Upper Eocene Promina sediments. Analysis of bauxite samples reveals significant total REE abundances with HREE enrichment in some cases. The presence of gibbsite, hematite, and anatase as major phases, along with kaolinite and other minor phases, suggest the influence of intensive weathering on REE enrichment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eri Tatsumi, Naoya Sakatani, Lucie Riu, Moe Matsuoka, Rie Honda, Tomokatsu Morota, Shingo Kameda, Tomoki Nakamura, Michael Zolensky, Rosario Brunetto, Takahiro Hiroi, Sho Sasaki, Sei'ichiro Watanabe, Satoshi Tanaka, Jun Takita, Cedric Pilorget, Julia de Leon, Marcel Popescu, Juan Luis Rizos, Javier Licandro, Ernesto Palomba, Deborah Domingue, Faith Vilas, Humberto Campins, Yuichiro Cho, Kazuo Yoshioka, Hirotaka Sawada, Yasuhiro Yokota, Masahiko Hayakawa, Manabu Yamada, Toru Kouyama, Hidehiko Suzuki, Chikatoshi Honda, Kazunori Ogawa, Kohei Kitazato, Naru Hirata, Naoyuki Hirata, Yuichi Tsuda, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Yuto Takei, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Yukio Yamamoto, Tatsuaki Okada, Yuri Shimaki, Kei Shirai, Seiji Sugita
Summary: The authors detected a 700 nm absorption band in the poles of asteroid Ryugu, shedding light on the hydrothermal history of its spectrally blue parent body. The parent body of Ryugu underwent intense aqueous alteration and thermal metamorphism, with samples brought back by Hayabusa2 providing valuable insights into this period of solar system history.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Tiantian Zheng, Anja Miltner, Chao Liang, Karolina M. Nowak, Matthias Kastner
Summary: Microbial biomass residues play an important role in biogeochemical cycling, but the mechanism by which they are sequestered in soil organic matter remains elusive. This study revealed that bacterial biomass is predominantly utilized by fungi and stabilized as fungal necromass, contributing to soil organic carbon sequestration. The study also identified three phases in the metabolism of microbial biomass residues, with the final phase focused on C preservation rather than energy production.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Antonia Maiara Marques do Nascimento, Luiza Giacomolli Polesi, Franklin Panato Back, Neusa Steiner, Miguel Pedro Guerra, Ander Castander-Olarieta, Paloma Moncalean, Itziar Aurora Montalban
Summary: Changes in the chemical environment during the maturation stage play a crucial role in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets in Pinus spp. By supplementing maturation media with specific amino acid combinations and carbohydrate sources, improvements in somatic embryo growth, size, and roots development were observed in Pinus radiata and Pinus halepensis. Additionally, differences in polyamine levels, particularly putrescine, were detected between the two species during somatic embryogenesis, indicating species-specific responses to the maturation environment.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Soil Science
Gerrit Angst, Kevin E. Mueller, Klaas G. J. Nierop, Myrna J. Simpson
Summary: This study synthesized data on the contribution of plant- and microbial-derived compounds to stabilized SOM, indicating different proportions of contribution between plant and microbial compounds in different ecosystems. Plant biomolecules were found to play a significant role in stabilizing organic matter.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Danielle Maximo, Marcelo J. P. Ferreira, Diego Demarco
Summary: This study is the first to describe the structure and nectar composition of extrafloral nectaries in the Sapindaceae family. The findings reveal a novel structure and composition for these nectaries, which contribute to the plant's defense mechanisms.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Maria Carmen Pinero, Gines Otalora, Jacinta Collado, Josefa Lopez-Marin, Francisco M. del Amor
Summary: This study demonstrates that short-term heat stress has a positive effect on the quality of melon fruits, increasing total sugars, polyamines, and antioxidant capacity, while reducing undesirable substances like nitrate. Combining heat stress with putrescine further enhances fruit quality, with increased antioxidant capacity, polyamines, amino acids, and beneficial minerals, and even lower nitrate concentration compared to control fruits.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Yang, Demeng Xie, Xiaofeng Ma
Summary: Amino sugars, carbohydrates with hydroxyl groups replaced by an amino group, play crucial roles in various biological activities. Stereoselective glycosylation of amino sugars has been a continuous effort, but it is challenging due to the competitive coordination of the amine to the Lewis acid promoter. This review focuses on the updated overview of stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis-aminoglycoside and its applications in complex glycoconjugate synthesis.
Article
Soil Science
Haoran Zhang, Tao Yang, Xuejing Wu, Jianwei Zhang, Xiuying Yu, Jinxing Zhou, Saman Herath, Xiawei Peng
Summary: Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient that greatly affects soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. However, the response of amino sugars, an essential component of SOC, to P addition in China remains unclear. In a meta-analysis of 24 observations from nine research publications, we found that P addition significantly increased the necromass of total microbial, fungal, and bacterial communities. The effects of P addition on amino sugars varied depending on climate, ecosystem type, P addition rate, and duration. Our findings have important implications for soil fertility enhancement and SOC sequestration.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
C. Beraud, F. Piola, J. Gervaix, G. Meiffren, C. Creuze des Chatelliers, A. Delort, C. Boisselet, S. Poussineau, E. Lacroix, A. A. M. Cantarel
Summary: This study investigated the soil factors influencing the development of biological denitrification inhibition (BDI) and found that initial soil moisture, ammonium concentration, and the initial abundance of certain microbial genes play significant roles in BDI development. Additionally, the research highlighted the relevance of biotic factors in explaining BDI and proposed the use of procyanidin concentration from plant belowground system as a new proxy for measuring BDI intensity.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Yizhu Qiao, Tingting Wang, Qiwei Huang, Hanyue Guo, He Zhang, Qicheng Xu, Qirong Shen, Ning Ling
Summary: Soil microbial community coalescence, the mixing and interaction of microbial communities, has been found to enhance the stability and complexity of rhizobacterial networks, leading to improved plant health and biomass. This study investigated the effects of different degrees of bacterial community coalescence on plant disease resistance by mixing soils from healthy and diseased habitats for watermelon planting. The results showed that mixing in more healthy soil reduced the plant disease index and increased biomass by improving the stability and complexity of the rhizobacterial network. Core taxa Nitrospirillum and Singulisphaera were enriched in the rhizosphere from healthy soils and played important roles in disease suppression and regulating the positive cohesion and modularity of the networks. Overall, these findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of microbial community coalescence for improving plant microbial community function and suggest new tools for enhancing plant fitness via soil microbiota mixing.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Mengqiu He, Shending Chen, Lei Meng, Xiaoqian Dan, Wenjie Wang, Qinying Zhu, Zucong Cai, Jinbo Zhang, Pierfrancesco Nardi, Christoph Mueller
Summary: Maize genotypes directly affect gene expression and nitrogen uptake capacity. The feedback between maize genotypes and soil nitrogen transformations, as well as their regulations on nitrogen uptake capacity, have been studied. The findings suggest that maize genotypes play a central role in regulating these feedbacks, which are important for maize breeding and enhancing maize production.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Ke Shi, Jiahui Liao, Xiaoming Zou, Han Y. H. Chen, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Zhengming Yan, Tingting Ren, Honghua Ruan
Summary: Through rewilding, microbial extracellular and cellular residues can continuously accumulate in soils and significantly contribute to soil organic carbon sequestration. Extracellular residues are mainly driven by fine root biomass, while cellular residues are mainly driven by soil nitrogen and organic carbon content.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Sensen Chen, Ying Teng, Yongming Luo, Eiko Kuramae, Wenjie Ren
Summary: This study comprehensively assesses the effects of NMs on the soil microbiome through a global meta-analysis. The results reveal significant negative impacts of NMs on soil microbial diversity, biomass, activity, and function. Metal NMs, especially Ag NMs, have the most pronounced negative effects on various soil microbial community metrics.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Shareen K. D. Sanders, Gerard Martinez-De Leon, Ludovico Formenti, Madhav P. Thakur
Summary: Collembolans, the diverse group of soil invertebrates, are affected by anthropogenic climate warming, which alters their diversity and density. In addition to abiotic stressors, changes in food availability, specifically the abundance of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, influence Collembola responses to climate warming. Collembolans prefer saprotrophic fungi but rely on mycorrhizal fungi when food sources are scarce. Understanding the mechanisms behind these dietary shifts in warm-dry and warm-wet soil conditions is crucial for predicting the impact of climate change on Collembola-fungal interactions.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Wimonsiri Pingthaisong, Sergey Blagodatsky, Patma Vityakon, Georg Cadisch
Summary: A study found that mixing high-C/N ratio rice straw with low-C/N ratio groundnut stover can improve the chemical composition of the input, stimulate microbial growth, decrease the loss of residue-derived carbon in the soil, and reduce native soil carbon and nitrogen consumption.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Soil Science
Jiachen Wang, Jie Zhao, Rong Yang, Xin Liu, Xuyuan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaoyong Chen, Wende Yan, Kelin Wang
Summary: Nitrogen is vital for ecosystem productivity, restoration, and succession processes. This study found that legume intercropping was more effective than chemical nitrogen fertilizers in promoting the complexity and stability of the soil micro-food web, as it increased microbial and nematode communities and enhanced energy flow patterns.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
