期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
卷 35, 期 2, 页码 458-467出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3208
关键词
UV radiation; ZnO nanoparticle; Daphnia magna; Danio rerio
资金
- NanoFATE, Collaborative Project CP-FP under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission [247739]
- project RePulse- Responses of Daphnia magna exposed to chemical pulses and mixtures throughout generations [FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019321, FCT PTDC/AAC-AMB/117178/2010]
- FEDER through COMPETE-Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade
- national funding through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia
The application of nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer products has been increasing over the past few years. Their release into the environment is likely to happen at any stage of production or during the use of products containing NPs. Zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NP) are among the most-used NPs on the market due to its intrinsic properties, such as ultraviolet (UV) absorption. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined effects of ZnO-NP and UV radiation on 2 freshwater species: Daphnia magna and Danio rerio. The initial hypothesis was that the presence of ZnO-NP in the aquatic media would decrease the damaging effects of UV radiation for both species. The endpoints assessed for D. magna were immobilization, feeding inhibition, and reproduction output. For D. rerio, egg development was studied during 96h and mortality, hatching delay, and abnormal development were the endpoints recorded. Combined exposures were designed based on the single toxicity of both stressors and analyzed based on the independent action concept and exploring possible deviations for synergism/antagonism, dose level, and dose ratio. Combined exposures with D. magna induced synergism on reproduction, decreasing the number of neonates produced more than expected based on both stressors' individual toxicity. Single exposures of D. rerio embryos to both stressors induced negative effects. The combined exposures caused a dose-ratio deviation pattern on mortality and hatching, with a synergism observed when ZnO-NP was the dominant stressor, changing to antagonism when UV radiation dominated the combined exposure. Regarding the results attained, studying ZnO toxicity under laboratory conditions may underestimate the risks when considering the potential interaction on effects when combined with UV radiation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:458-467. (c) 2015 SETAC
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