Article
Construction & Building Technology
Young Chan Kim, Heon Woo Lee, Jong Wan Hu
Summary: Earthquakes are natural disasters that can cause large-scale damage. Many methods have been proposed to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes, including the application of dampers for seismic reinforcement. However, dampers may be damaged or deformed when earthquakes exceed their capacity. To solve this problem, a new concept of an elastic friction damper was developed, which effectively reduces damage by utilizing a new material with recentering performance. Experimental evaluations showed that the damper incorporating precompressed polyurethane springs and permanent magnet cubes had excellent performance in terms of recentering force and energy dissipation capacity.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
F. Jenis, M. Kubik, O. Machacek, K. Sebesta, Z. Strecker
Summary: The paper investigates the dynamic behavior of MR dampers with permanent magnets, demonstrating that the permanent magnet significantly influences the dynamics of the damper, and the decrease in damping force in the fail-safe state is significantly faster than the recovery speed from the fail-safe state.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vicente Simon-Sempere, Auxiliadora Simon-Gomez, Manuel Burgos-Payan, Jose-Ramon Cerquides-Bueno
Summary: This paper presents a new method for reducing cogging torque in axial flux permanent-magnet motors by optimizing the shape of magnet edges. The method developed is fast and accurate, does not require Finite Element Method iterations, and successfully validates experimentally by optimizing other magnet characteristics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xin Tang, Jiawei Lai, H. Sepehri-Amin, T. Ohkubo, K. Hono
Summary: The study found that Pr-Fe-B and (Pr0.75Ce0.25)-Fe-B based hot-deformed magnets exhibit high magnetic performance at low temperatures, including large remanence and high coercivity, making them suitable as low-cost permanent magnet materials for cryogenic applications.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Stephen Eduku, Qian Chen, Gaohong Xu, Guohai Liu, Jihong Liao, Xingwang Zhang
Summary: This article proposes a new fault-tolerant rotor permanent magnet flux-switching (FT-RPMFS) motor and proves its superior performance through comparison with conventional motors.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Huangqiu Zhu, Ying Xu
Summary: This study investigates a novel method of right angle chamfering to reduce cogging torque in bearingless flux switching permanent magnet motors. Through parameter design, simulation, and analysis, the electromagnetic characteristics are optimized while compromising various design objectives. Experimental results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yoshitsugu Otomo, Hajime Igarashi, Tomohiro Sato, Yoshihisa Suetsugu, Eiji Fujioka
Summary: This article proposes a novel 2.5-D multi-phase topology optimization method using a Gaussian basis function for permanent magnet motors. The rotor design region is sliced into cylindrical layers, and 2-D topology optimization is performed for each layer to maximize the average torque and suppress torque ripple. The proposed method determines the shape of the rotor core and magnet, as well as the magnetization direction. It is shown that the optimized 2.5-D topology optimization outperforms conventional 2-D optimizations in terms of torque performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Manuel Alejandro Fernandez, Jen-Yuan (James) Chang
Summary: This article explores the factors influencing the torque transmission capability of a permanent magnet-based MRF clutch, including the number of magnetic poles, clutch material, MRF layer thickness, and relative rotational velocity. Experimental results show that fewer magnetic poles lead to higher torque output, but magnetic saturation reduces the effectiveness of the torque variation mechanism. Material choice significantly affects torque at low relative rotational velocities, resulting in a nonlinear relationship. MRF layer thickness also has a significant impact on torque, although not as predicted by magnetostatic simulations.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takuya Tazawa, Hiroshi Yamaguchi
Summary: This study explores the creation of permanent magnets with flexible magnetic poles and shapes using a special viscoelastic fluid, which can achieve any desired magnetic field envisioned by the user when an external magnetic field is applied. The results show that the hardened material forms permanent magnets with identical poles and three peaks in terms of flux density on the surface.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shilei Xu, Jinji Sun, Hongliang Ren
Summary: Permanent-magnet biased magnetic bearings use a magnet to produce the bias field, eliminating electrical power losses and heat generation. This article proposes a new type of PM-biased magnetic bearing that uses a low-coercivity AlNiCo magnet and equips a magnetization coil to magnetize the magnet in situ. Experiments on a prototype successfully verify the advantages of the presented magnetic bearing.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peyman Naderi, Malihe Heidary
Summary: This paper introduces a new structure for Permanent Magnet Flux-Switching Linear Motor (PM-FSLM) with a simple lightweight modular primary and acceptable thrust ripple production. A flexible Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (MEC) is used to model the machine and analyze the performance of different structures of PM-FSLMs. The proposed method considers saturation and end-effect phenomena, and investigates machine operation under dynamic load, resulting in a linear machine with more power capability and simpler mover structure compared to others. The results are validated using Finite Element Method (FEM) to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MEC technique.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiming Dai, Kai Li, Zhenhua Wang, Wei Liu, Zhidong Zhang
Summary: Heavy rare-earth elements play an important role in the preparation of permanent magnets. This study investigates the phase composition and magnetization reversal mechanism of the Nd-Dy-Fe-B multicomponent system. It is found that substituting Nd with Dy suppresses certain phases and favors the formation of Nd2Fe14B phase. The study also reveals the influence of magnetic properties of grain boundaries on magnetization reversal.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Abdul Aziz, Saiied M. Aminossadati, Christopher Leonardi
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics and controllable damping force of shear mode MRP dampers using an integrated model of computational fluid mechanics and finite element analysis. The results show that MRP dampers have the ability to be used in semi-active applications.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nicolo Gori, Claudia Simonelli, Antonino Musolino, Rocco Rizzo, Efren Diez Jimenez, Luca Sani
Summary: This paper presents the design and optimization of a permanent magnet-based spring using a self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm. The optimization process involved analyzing different ring-shaped magnets to determine the dimensions of the spring that would achieve a desired force-displacement curve. The resulting algorithm was successful in designing a spring with the desired characteristics. The paper also investigates the use of the optimized spring in an electrodynamic damper and performs a parametric analysis to study its damping effect.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong-Ho Kim, Hyun-Jo Pyo, Won-Ho Kim, Ju Lee, Ki-Doek Lee
Summary: This study proposes a spoke-type PMSG rotor shape design for low capacity wind turbines that considers magnetization and cogging torques. The rotor shape with improved magnetization performance is designed by analyzing the principle of magnetization and the factors influencing magnetization performance. An asymmetric rotor barrier structure is applied to reduce the cogging torque, and the performance of the final model is analyzed using finite element analysis. The temperature saturation during the operation of the final model is analyzed using a thermal network method, and the irreversible demagnetization is validated.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu-Jin Park, Eun-Sang Lee, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This paper proposes a cylindrical grip type of tactile device that can effectively simulate the stiffness of operating organs by tuning the magnetic field intensity. The stiffness of various human organs is calculated using finite element analysis and compared with data from human tissues, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed tactile device in recognizing different human organs in surgical robot systems.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Purwadi Joko Widodo, Eko Prasetya Budiana, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah, Fitrian Imaduddin, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This research investigated the impact of magnetic field application time and frequency on the pressure performance of magnetorheological fluid (MRF). The results showed that continuous magnetic field application exerted pressure on the MRF until reaching maximum pressure, followed by a gradual decrease when the magnetic field was turned off. The pressure dropped rapidly as the magnetism disappeared, even below the initial pressure, and then gradually rose towards equilibrium pressure. Furthermore, during repeated magnetic field application, the MRF effectively generated pressure in response to the magnetic field up to a frequency of 5 Hz, with smaller pressure changes observed at higher frequencies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Olivier Munyaneza, Pacifique Turabimana, Jong-Seok Oh, Seung-Bok Choi, Jung Woo Sohn
Summary: A novel hybrid annular radial magnetorheological damper (HARMRD) is proposed to enhance ride comfort of an electric vehicle powered by an in-wheel motor. The proposed HARMRD generates higher damping forces compared to conventional dampers, and significantly improves both the ride comfort and road-holding capability of the vehicle.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Muhammad Akif Muhammad Fakhree, Nur Azmah Nordin, Nurhazimah Nazmi, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah, Fauzan Ahmad, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This study introduces a new particle alignment method, namely the fountain-like structure, for improving the rheological properties of magnetorheological elastomer (MRE). By developing a special mold, this alignment can be achieved during the curing process. Experimental results demonstrate that the fountain-like MRE exhibits higher storage modulus and magnetorheological effect compared to the isotropic MRE.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Deivamoney Josephine Selvarani Ruth, Jung-Woo Sohn, Kaliaperumal Dhanalakshmi, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This paper mainly focuses on various types of robots driven or actuated by shape memory alloy (SMA) element in the last decade and discusses their potential functionality. The characteristics of SMA make robotic systems small, flexible, and soft with multi-functions to exhibit different types of moving mechanisms.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Nur Azmah Nordin, Seung-Bok Choi, Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz, Shaari Daud, Irfan Bahiuddin
Summary: Strain localization is a significant issue in viscoelastic materials, as it is difficult to predict damage evolution accurately, leading to a decline in elastic sustainability. This study aims to understand the morphology and role of shear bands in viscoelastic materials through torsional testing, consolidating failure mechanisms and geometry effects.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
U. Ubaidillah, Bhre Wangsa Lenggana, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: The findings and technological developments related to intelligent materials, specifically magnetorheological (MR) materials, have attracted increasing attention from scientists. However, there has been a lack of statistical discussion through bibliometric analyses on the developments in the field of MR materials in the last decade. This study aims to fill this research gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 1830 articles published in the past 10 years, shedding light on the growth and dominant themes within the field of MR materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zbigniew Kesy, Ireneusz Musialek, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This article presents the design optimization process of a hydrodynamic brake utilizing an electrorheological (ER) fluid. The optimization is based on mathematical models of the brake's geometry and electrical circuit, with parameters selected from experimental tests of a prototype brake. Six objective functions are minimized, considering factors such as braking torque, brake weight, absorbed electric power, and torque rise time. The design variables include the number of blades and the inner and outer radii of the brake's working space. Optimization calculations are conducted for two intervals of design variables, taking into account model accuracy and prototype specifications. The results provide general guidelines for optimizing hydrodynamic brakes with ER fluids and determine the possibilities for optimizing the prototype brake.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jung Woo Sohn, Josephine Selvarani Ruth, Do-Gyeong Yuk, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This paper comprehensively reviews the effective control applications using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. It focuses on the vibration and stiffness control of flexible structures and shape control in the aerospace engineering field. Different methods for vibration control and control strategies for SMA actuators are discussed. The applications of SMA actuators in morphing wings in aerospace engineering are also reviewed.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pacifique Turabimana, Jung Woo Sohn, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: Despite the emergence of electric vehicles, the automotive industry still faces problems with pollutants in exhaust gases and high fuel consumption in internal combustion engines. Engine overheating is a major cause of these issues. This study proposes a novel active engine cooling system incorporating a shape memory alloy-based thermostat, which improves the response time and coolant flow direction control. The results indicate that this system can enhance the performance of existing internal combustion engines in terms of reduced pollution and fuel consumption.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Muhammad Faris Fardan, Bhre Wangsa Lenggana, U. Ubaidillah, Seung-Bok Choi, Didik Djoko Susilo, Sohaib Zia Khan
Summary: Prosthetics have made significant progress with the help of materials science, allowing the development of prosthetic devices with improved functionality and comfort. One promising area of research is the use of auxetic metamaterials in prosthetics, which have the ability to expand laterally when stretched. This property enables the creation of prosthetic devices that better fit the contours of the human body, providing a more natural feel.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Muhammad Asyraf Tasin, Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari, Nur Azmah Nordin, Shahir Yasin Mohd Yusuf, Seung-Bok Choi, Irfan Bahiuddin
Summary: Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), capable of magnetostriction in a magnetic field, has potential for sensor development. However, previous studies focused on low modulus MRE (<100 kPa), limiting their use due to short lifespan and low durability. This work developed MRE with storage modulus >300 kPa to enhance magnetostriction and reaction force. MREs with varying compositions of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) showed increased magnetostriction and force with higher CIP concentration. MRE with 80 wt.% CIP achieved the highest magnetostriction magnitude of 0.075%, surpassing previous MRE technologies. This midrange modulus MRE has great potential for forefront sensor technology.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tomasz Spotowski, Karol Osowski, Ireneusz Musialek, Artur Olszak, Andrzej Kesy, Zbigniew Kesy, SeungBok Choi
Summary: This paper presents the application of a strain gauge sensor and an electrorheological (ER) fluid-filled viscous brake controlled by an electric field. Experimental tests were conducted to examine the impact of input shaft rotational speed, electric voltage, ER fluid temperature, and brake fluid filling level on pressing forces. Based on the test results, a viscous brake control system was designed and implemented using a programmable logic controller and strain gauge sensor feedback. The system ensured a control pressing force within the desired range. The developed ER fluid brake control system was tested for constant and follow-up control, showing satisfactory results.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Byung-Hyuk Kang, Bang-Hyun Jo, Bo-Gyu Kim, Jai-Hyuk Hwang, Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: This study focuses on simulating the drop test of an MR damper-based main landing gear to explore multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic models during aircraft landing. Three different 6-DOF dynamic models are proposed and compared with commercial software results. The drop performances of the aircraft landing gear system with MR dampers are evaluated using a 7-DOF aircraft model incorporating the nonlinear MRMLG formulated in RecurDyn. The comparative parameters are the coefficient of determination (R-2) and root mean square error (RMSE) for system response and CG displacement data.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Seung-Bok Choi
Summary: Many studies have been conducted on magnetorheological fluid (MRF) over the past three decades, highlighting its advantages such as fast phase change and easy control of yield stress. However, there is currently no review article on the thermal problem of MRFs, despite its crucial importance in the development of advanced MRFs and commercial application systems. This work reviews studies on the thermal conductivity and temperature in MRFs and their temperature-dependent application systems, emphasizing the reduction of temperature effects and the design of application systems to minimize thermal effects.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kehao Feng, Zhenghua Zhang, Guohua Bai, Xiuyuan Fan, Rongzhi Zhao, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to accurately evaluate the high-frequency power loss of soft magnetic materials. Through a two-step calibration, the system is able to compensate for the phase angle discrepancy between the exciting current and induced voltage, enabling a higher power loss measurement frequency.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingfang Kang, Tong Liu, Hongmei Sun, Lin Li, Keliang Wang
Summary: In this study, the absorption performance of ambient nitrogenous toxic gases on a monolayer of blue phosphorus phase germanium selenide (GeSe) was investigated using density-functional theory calculations. The results showed that GeSe monolayer exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity for the hazardous gas NO.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yaqiong Niu, Zhicheng Zou, Longsheng Cheng, Chaofeng Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method to stabilize the laser diode output using a close-loop control with two feedbacks. The proposed method performs better for long-time operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiajie Li, Ying Liu, Zhen Chai, Qian Cao, Renjie Li, Yueyang Zhai
Summary: This study proposed an efficient and high-quality beam-splitting method based on a diffractive optical element, enabling multichannel SERF atomic magnetometers to achieve ultra-high consistency and sensitivity. It has significant applications in array biomagnetic measurement systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. Oliveira, C. Doering, H. Fouckhardt
Summary: With the development of Lab on a chip technology, fluid management using dispersed droplets has become an important approach. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) is one method for droplet actuation, but it requires prior definition of droplet positions. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) goes further by allowing changes in electrical parameters through impinging light spots, without the need for predefined droplet positions. This study re-evaluates the key parameters of OEW and explores their effects on droplet actuation using numerical optimization methods.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haipeng Wang, Zhiguo Wang, Gancheng Zhu, Shuai Zhang
Summary: A novel capacitive proximity skin was developed to improve the performance of robotics in handling liquid-filled containers. This skin features a flexible structure that can adapt to different grippers and seamlessly integrate with Robot Operating System. Experimental results demonstrated that this proximity skin achieved data-lossless detection and contactless measurement of liquid level, making it suitable for grasping operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tsenguun Byambadorj, Xiangyu Zhao, Yutao Qin, Yogesh B. Gianchandani
Summary: In this research, a monolithically microfabricated Knudsen pump (KP) without suspended membranes was presented. These pumps offer improved mechanical robustness, wider process window, and simplified microfabrication process compared to previous designs. The experimental results matched the modeling results well, indicating the potential for monolithic integration onto complex lab-on-a-chip systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hamed Karami, Saeed Karami Chemeh, Vahid Azizi, Hooman Sharifnasab, Jose Ramos, Mohammed Kamruzzaman
Summary: Aroma is a significant quality trait for pharmaceutical plants and their products, indicating the quality of the raw material. An electronic nose is an efficient approach for identifying and evaluating the aroma of essential oils. In this study, tarragon was dried at different temperatures and air velocities, and the purity of tarragon essential oil was evaluated using an electronic nose. Multivariate data analysis and artificial neural networks modeling were employed to quantify and classify the obtained essential oils.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoyang Duan, Dan Xu, Wenjun Jia, Ran Li, Bohao Sun, Ruitian Yan, Wenjie Zhao
Summary: Flower-like WO3/WS2 heterojunction materials constructed via a low-temperature in-situ oxidation method exhibit significant improvements in the detection of NO2 gas in gas sensors, along with good selectivity and reproducibility.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Yu, Mengyang Zhang, Manqi You, Yuxi Gao, Landong Xiao, Yan Peng, Jingxia Lai, Zhouzhao Shi, Siwei Luo, Gencai Guo, Gang Guo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that two-dimensional Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have great potential for applications in gas sensors. By conducting first principles calculations, this study explores the potential application of Pd-doped monolayer HfSeS as gas sensor materials for detecting CO, CO2, NH3, and NO. The results demonstrate the good thermodynamical stability and reversible adsorption of these molecules on both pristine and Pd-doped HfSeS, with Pd-doped HfSeS showing higher sensitivity towards NO due to its metallic behavior upon NO adsorption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinlan Yang, Linjiao Li, Jun Huang, Quan Zhang, Hiba Affane
Summary: This study proposes a method for large-scale aggregation of micro-particles by creating a vortex region using low-frequency oscillation. Experimental results show that this method can achieve a large aggregation area and has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jitendra Singh, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Vinita
Summary: In this investigation, a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) formalin gas sensor was explored for low-level formalin gas sensing applications. The sensor showed stable response and high sensitivity to formalin gas concentration, making it a reliable and useful sensor for room temperature operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junyao Wang, Yahao Liu, Huan Liu, Qi Hou, Jianxin Xu, Hongxu Pan, Jingran Quan, Yansong Chen, Hanbo Yang, Lixiang Li
Summary: A flexible electrode with a serpentine-shaped tetra-chiral structure was designed to improve the mechanical properties and prevent mechanical fracture of flexible electrodes. The research demonstrated that this structure reduced the maximum tensile stress by 87.19% compared to the existing tetra-chiral structure. The flexible electrode remained conductive even at a strain of 70% and showed resistance values of 5 ohm and 4.4 ohm at a bending angle of 180 degrees and after 1000 fold cycles. Furthermore, the flexible electrodes showed great potential in biological signal monitoring, particularly in collecting ECG and pulse signals.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taihao Chen, Yong Fang, Mengru Zhu, Zhiwei Zhao, Wei Lei, Zhuoya Zhu, Helong Jiang
Summary: Flexible dual-spectral carbon nanodots/flexible n-silicon heterojunction photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity are reported. These detectors show photo response in UV illumination and only in forward bias under visible illumination. The photocurrent of the device remains high even under bending strain.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. S. Sikandar Bathusha, Israr Ud Din, Rehan Umer, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: Graphene-based nanomaterials are used as embedded sensors to monitor fracture behavior in composite structures. This study investigates the in-situ crack propagation and fracture behavior in a glass fiber reinforced polymer composite using embedded reduced graphene oxide coated fabrics and highly conductive graphene nanoplatelet paper.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
