Review
Immunology
Thomas Weber
Summary: AAV vector-based gene therapy is currently the only approved in vivo gene therapy in the US and Europe, but the presence of pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies presents a formidable challenge to its successful clinical use. Establishing protocols to determine relevant titers of these antibodies and methods to deplete them is now more urgent than ever to ensure the efficacy of AAV gene transfer therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Evi B. Struble, Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Tzanko Stantchev, Dorothy Scott, Marjorie A. Shapiro
Summary: Viral diseases pose a significant threat to public health and can lead to global pandemics. Antiviral antibody therapeutics have emerged as valuable options for prevention and treatment, both alone and in combination with other therapies. This article discusses the unique biochemical and physiological properties of polyclonal and monoclonal antiviral antibodies that make them effective as therapeutic agents. It also explores methods of antibody characterization and potency assessment, compares polyclonal and monoclonal products, and examines the benefits and challenges of combining antiviral antibodies with other therapeutics. Additionally, novel approaches to the development and characterization of antiviral antibodies are discussed, along with areas that require further research.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kashyap Kumar Dubey, Akshay Kumar, Anshu Baldia, Deepanshi Rajput, Suneel Kateriya, Rajani Singh, Ravi Tandon, Yogendra Kumar Mishra
Summary: Traditionally, recombinant protein production has been done using bacteria, fungi, and CHO cells, which have high production costs and are susceptible to contamination. Green algae offer a more sustainable option for recombinant protein production. Glycosylated antibodies play a crucial role in cellular communication and understanding the role of abiotic factors and product synthesis mechanisms in microalgae is important for harnessing the potential of algal bio-refinery.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marilia Cascalho, Jeffrey L. Platt
Summary: The diversity of the TNFRSF13B gene may promote health by controlling key elements of immunity, rather than detracting from health. This diversity may have contributed to evolution and persistence across different species.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saki Yoneda, Tetsuo Torisu, Susumu Uchiyama
Summary: This review discusses the challenges in developing dosage forms to improve pharmaceutical stability and how to overcome them. Expert opinions suggest that silicone oil-free syringes are preferred to minimize subvisible particles in the drug. Materials with low protein adsorption properties are recommended to prevent protein aggregation, and minimizing adverse effects of biopharmaceuticals requires proper quality control of the drug in its container, based on understanding the physicochemical stability of the protein in solution, the properties of the container, and their combinations.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xiaoyun Yang, Kathi Williams, Rebecca Elliott, Martha Hokom, Janis Allen, Saloumeh K. Fischer
Summary: Despite technical and logistical challenges, low-volume sampling technologies, such as Mitra and Tasso-M20, can be used to measure drug concentrations in dried blood samples and convert them to serum concentrations using hematocrit levels. Contract Research Organizations' expertise allows for comparison between different low-volume sampling technologies and provides potential solutions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sundeep Inti, Vivek Tandon
Summary: This study integrates economic, environmental, and social life cycle assessments, recommending 12 measurable indicators for evaluating specific road designs; customizable LCA models and project-specific data are necessary for more precise estimates; a group-agreeable design was selected after review by eight experts.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariam Elshiaty, Hannah Schindler, Petros Christopoulos
Summary: The field of multispecific therapeutic antibodies is growing rapidly, with over 140 different molecules currently in clinical testing and excellent results in recent clinical trials. Strategies for enhancing anticancer efficacy are focused on disrupting multiple surface antigens and redirecting cytotoxic lymphocytes, with a trend towards more target antigens and increased valency in newer constructs. Exciting prospects include targeting intracellular neoantigens using T-cell receptor fusion proteins or TCR-mimic antibody fragments, offering hope for cure of advanced cancers in the near future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Martina S. Wesley, Kelvin T. Chiong, Kelly E. Seaton, Christine A. Arocena, Sheetal Sawant, Jonathan Hare, Kasey Hernandez, Michelle Rojas, Jack Heptinstall, David Beaumont, Katherine Crisafi, Joseph Nkolola, Dan H. Barouch, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Georgia D. Tomaras, Nicole L. Yates
Summary: The recent AMP trials demonstrated the potential of blocking infection from sensitive HIV-1 strains through the infusion of specific antibodies. An accurate measurement method for in vivo concentrations of passively infused antibodies was developed to determine effective doses for therapy and/or prevention. Additionally, the study explored the use of triple combinations of antibodies for HIV-1 prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Jenny Gao, Saurabh Dahiya, Shyam A. Patel
Summary: CAR-T therapies have made a major breakthrough in cancer medicine by using ex vivo technology to harness the power of the immune system. They have shown remarkable success in treating relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. However, there is still significant debate about where CAR-T therapies fit into the management paradigm due to limited consensus guidelines.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Monica L. Fernandez-Quintero, Janik Kokot, Franz Waibl, Anna-Lena M. Fischer, Patrick K. Quoika, Charlotte M. Deane, Klaus R. Liedl
Summary: The increased availability of high-quality experimental structural data and advances in structural biology have driven research on predicting protein structures. In 2020, AlphaFold2 revolutionized the field by combining artificial intelligence with evolutionary information from multiple sequence alignments. Accurate protein structure models are crucial for biophysical property predictions and antibody design. However, it is important to be aware of potential inaccuracies in protein structure models, particularly in antibody models, such as incorrect bonds and stereochemistry. We emphasize the need to carefully review these models before further computational analysis and experimental studies. To aid in assessing model quality, we provide a tool called TopModel for validating structure models.
Article
Virology
Lina Mouna, Mehdi Razazian, Sandra Duquesne, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, Christelle Vauloup-Fellous
Summary: Vaccination against COVID-19 is crucial in fighting the pandemic. The sVNT test, with high specificity and reliability, can be a reliable complement to routine anti-S serological assays.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sharrel Rebello, A. N. Anoopkumar, Embalil Mathachan Aneesh, Raveendran Sindhu, Parameswaran Binod, Sang Hyoun Kim, Ashok Pandey
Summary: Minerals are valuable resources that need to be carefully mined to avoid health and environmental hazards. This review evaluates the hazardous nature of minerals, provides cautions for mining, and discusses potential remedies. Additionally, the advantages of bioleaching methods are briefly discussed.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhanghua Cai, Lie Liu, Francesco de Paulis, Yihong Qi
Summary: This article discusses the importance of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in modern wireless communication systems, and how passive intermodulation (PIM) interference can limit system performance. It introduces PIM measurement methods, key challenges, and solutions to address PIM issues in wireless communication systems.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Riti Biswas, Ed Belouski, Kevin Graham, Michelle Hortter, Marissa Mock, Christine E. Tinberg, Alan J. Russell
Summary: We are transitioning into an era where therapeutic proteins are constructed using building block-like strategies, but there is no standardized protocol for discussing these formats. Existing nomenclatures sacrifice readability for precision, causing confusion and complexity in drug discovery. To overcome this challenge, VERITAS is introduced as a flexible classification and naming scheme for antibodies, adaptable to various therapeutic formats. VERITAS names are user-friendly and directly reflect the structure of a format, making them valuable in scientific discourse and drug development algorithms.