Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna Szydelko, Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with a growing incidence worldwide and a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Current diagnostic methods are inadequate for early detection of CAD, necessitating extensive research on non-invasive blood-based biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as stable and easily detectable biomarkers. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been implicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, linking T2DM with CAD. This review discusses the role of miRNAs in diabetic CAD development and highlights their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ignacio Fernando Hall, Montserrat Climent, Chiara Viviani Anselmi, Laura Papa, Vinicius Tragante, Luca Lambroia, Floriana Maria Farina, Marcus E. Kleber, Winfried Maerz, Carlo Biguori, Gianluigi Condorelli, Leonardo Elia
Summary: The study identifies a SNP, rs41291957 (A), near the miR-143/145 cluster that upregulates miR-143 and miR-145, modulating vascular smooth cell phenotype and acting as a protective factor against coronary artery disease.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiangming Sun, Pratibha Singh, Johan Osterlund, Marju Orho-Melander, Olle Melander, Gunnar Engstrom, Andreas Edsfeldt
Summary: Plasma sCaspase-3 is strongly associated with HbA1c and predicts future risk of diabetes and CAD, making it a potential marker for cardio-metabolic risk factors.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Man Li, Lei Duan, Yulun Cai, Benchuan Hao, Jianqiao Chen, Huiying Li, Hongbin Liu
Summary: This study found that higher levels of sST2 were significantly associated with long-term MACEs and all-cause death in CAD patients with and without T2DM. Adding sST2 to established risk factors improved risk prediction for the composite outcome of MACEs and all-cause death. The predictive value of sST2 for cardiovascular adverse events in CAD patients with T2DM was particularly strong.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Richard Y. Cao, Jian Yang, Yuntao Zheng, Hao Li, Qun Zhao, Yueyou Ding, Qing Li, Shanshan Liu, Lezheng Wang, Hongchao Zheng
Summary: This study aimed to explore the potential value of biomarkers for evaluating the severity of coronary stenosis in CAD patients and found that plasma concentrations of Copeptin and Pentraxin3 were positively correlated with the extent of coronary stenosis. Receiver operating characteristics analysis demonstrated that both Copeptin and Pentraxin3 exhibited discriminative capacities for evaluating the extent of coronary stenosis.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Evangelos Oikonomou, Paraskevas Tsaplaris, Artemis Anastasiou, Maria Xenou, Stamatios Lampsas, Gerasimos Siasos, Panteleimon Pantelidis, Panagiotis Theofilis, Aikaterini Tsatsaragkou, Ourania Katsarou, Marios Sagris, Michael-Andrew Vavuranakis, Manolis Vavuranakis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Summary: This article discusses the crucial role of interleukin-1 in the progression of atherosclerosis, the inflammatory cascade, and the clinical application of targeted anti-inflammatory treatments.
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jian Han, Xiaogang Cui, Tianqi Yuan, Zhiming Yang, Yue Liu, Yajuan Ren, Changxin Wu, Yunfei Bian
Summary: Circulating exosomal miRNAs have potential as biomarkers for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the differentially expressed miRNAs in exosomes from plasma of SCAD patients were analyzed and their diagnostic potential for SCAD was investigated.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sadiya S. Khan, Wendy S. Post, Xiuqing Guo, Jingyi Tan, Fang Zhu, Daniel Bos, Bahar Sedaghati-Khayat, Jeroen van Rooij, Aaron Aday, Norrina B. Allen, Maxime M. Bos, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Matthew J. Budoff, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Jonathan D. Mosley, Jerome I. Rotter, Philip Greenland, Maryam Kavousi
Summary: Coronary artery calcium score and polygenic risk score were evaluated for their ability to predict risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in two population-based studies. The results showed that coronary artery calcium score had better discrimination and improved risk prediction when added to traditional risk factors compared to the polygenic risk score.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Panagiotis Theofilis, Marios Sagris, Evangelos Oikonomou, Alexios S. Antonopoulos, George Lazaros, Anastasios Theofilis, Charalambos Papastamos, Spyridon Papaioannou, Gerasimos Siasos, Kostas Tsioufis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Summary: Atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring early detection and treatment. Extracellular matrix remodeling plays a crucial role in this process, and indicators of matrix degradation have been studied in relation to the existence, severity, and prognosis of coronary artery disease.
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zahra Saadatian, Yaser Mansoori, Lida Nariman-Saleh-Fam, Abdolreza Daraei, Sepideh Zununi Vahed, Shadan Navid, Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
Summary: This study evaluated the alteration of miR-200c, miR-125b, miR-27b, miR-203, and miR-155 in patients with coronary artery stenosis and insignificant coronary artery stenosis compared to healthy individuals. The results showed that three of these miRNAs have the potential to differentiate between coronary artery stenosis patients and healthy individuals, suggesting they could be novel diagnostic biomarkers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jia-Lu Hu, Zhi-Feng Yao, Min-Na Tang, Chun Tang, Xiao-Fan Zhao, Xi Su, Dan-Bo Lu, Qiu-Rong Li, Zhang-Sheng Wang, Yan Yan, Zeneng Wang
Summary: In this study, 78 human subjects were recruited and their gut microbiota compositions were analyzed. Specific microbial taxa associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risks were identified, but the reproducibility of enriched taxa across different cohorts limited their use in early diagnosis and prevention of CAD. Only decreased Bacteroides abundance was found to be a reliable marker for indicating CAD progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masayuki Aoyama, Yoshimi Kishimoto, Emi Saita, Reiko Ohmori, Kojiro Tanimoto, Masato Nakamura, Kazuo Kondo, Yukihiko Momiyama
Summary: This study found that plasma fortilin levels are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), especially in those with severe disease involving multiple stenotic vessels. Fortilin levels were also found to be associated with the severity of CAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ting-Ting Wu, Ying-Ying Zheng, Xiang Ma, Wen-Juan Xiu, Hai-Tao Yang, Xian-Geng Hou, Yi Yang, You Chen, Yi-Tong Ma, Xiang Xie
Summary: In this study, a rare nonsense variant in the CYP17A1 gene was identified in a Chinese Han family with coronary artery disease. Further studies on mice and cells revealed that CYP17A1 deficiency and its mutation were associated with increased atherosclerosis and involvement in glucose metabolism. Through research on humans, mice, and cells, we have revealed the possible mechanism of CYP17A1 C987X mutation-induced atherosclerosis and early-onset coronary artery disease involving glucose homeostasis regulation.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiang Wang, Xinxin Chen, Hui Xu, Shanshan Zhou, Yang Zheng, Bradley B. Keller, Lu Cai
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases and cancer have been seen as two separate entities, but new research on reverse cardio-oncology is shedding light on the connections between the two. The roles of cardiac-specific microRNA-208a (miR-208a) in both cardiac and cancer biology are being explored, revealing potential mediators of the crosstalk between CVDs and cancer. This research provides insights into strategies for preventing secondary carcinogenesis in heart failure patients.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elias Bjornson, Dimitrios Samaras, Martin Adiels, Joel Kullberg, Fredrik Backhed, Goeran Bergstrom, Anders Gummesson
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). ApoB-containing lipoproteins, including LDLs and TRLs, mediate a portion of the increased risk of atherosclerosis in people with NAFLD. Mediation analysis in a cohort of middle aged individuals showed that apoB, plasma triglycerides, and TRL-cholesterol mediate a significant proportion of the association between liver fat and coronary artery calcium score (CACS), with a higher degree of mediation observed for TRLs compared to LDLs. These results highlight the potential role of TRL-lowering in reducing NAFLD-associated coronary artery disease risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)