Article
Environmental Sciences
Annika Linkhorst, Jose R. Paranaiba, Raquel Mendonca, David Rudberg, Tonya DelSontro, Nathan Barros, Sebastian Sobek
Summary: The study found that in tropical regions, CH4 emissions from reservoirs are primarily through bubble ebullition, with emission levels significantly influenced by spatial and temporal variability. High spatial resolution measurements are crucial for constraining CH4 estimates at the reservoir-wide level, and different upscaling approaches yielded similar results.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cynthia Soued, John A. Harrison, Sara Mercier-Blais, Yves T. Prairie
Summary: Reservoirs are crucial for human societies, but their carbon emissions have a significant impact on global climate change. This study reveals that global reservoir carbon emissions peaked in 1987 and have been gradually declining since, mainly due to decreasing carbon dioxide emissions as reservoirs age. However, reservoir-induced radiative forcing continues to rise due to ongoing increases in reservoir methane emissions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Felipe Rust, Pascal Bodmer, Paul Del Giorgio
Summary: This study investigates the spatial and temporal patterns of CO2 and CH4 concentrations in a newly created hydroelectric reservoir system, revealing the significant impact of flooding on greenhouse gas emissions. The results show strong seasonality and high spatial heterogeneity within reservoirs, with reservoir characteristics and climatic factors identified as the main drivers. The study emphasizes the need for accurate modeling to estimate diffusive carbon emissions from reservoirs and provides a modeling framework for future research.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Eun-Mi Been, Young-Kwon Park, Kyung-Tae Kim
Summary: This study aims to propose a reduction of inventory based on non-industrial sectors, emphasizing the important role of local governments in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Despite various policies and systems implemented by the national government to reduce emissions, the policy formulation and implementation by local governments are crucial in achieving effective reduction.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eskinder Gemechu, Amit Kumar
Summary: Hydropower is an important renewable energy source, but there is controversy over whether it is carbon-neutral like solar and wind power. Research shows that the characteristics of hydropower projects can lead to significant greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reviews the inconsistencies in using life cycle assessment for hydropower projects, particularly in accurately estimating and modeling reservoir greenhouse gas emissions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alison R. Marklein, Deanne Meyer, Marc L. Fischer, Seongeun Jeong, Talha Rafiq, Michelle Carr, Francesca M. Hopkins
Summary: This study developed a spatially explicit database of dairies in California, calculating CH4 emissions based on operating permits and California-specific reports, and estimated the impact of mitigation strategies. The results show that implementing digesters at existing or planned 106 dairies in California will significantly reduce CH4 emissions.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander S. Flecker, Qinru Shi, Rafael M. Almeida, Hector Angarita, Jonathan M. Gomes-Selman, Roosevelt Garcia-Villacorta, Suresh A. Sethi, Steven A. Thomas, N. LeRoy Poff, Bruce R. Forsberg, Sebastian A. Heilpern, Stephen K. Hamilton, Jorge D. Abad, Elizabeth P. Anderson, Nathan Barros, Isabel Carolina Bernal, Richard Bernstein, Carlos M. Canas, Olivier Dangles, Andrea C. Encalada, Ayan S. Fleischmann, Michael Goulding, Jonathan Higgins, Celine Jezequel, Erin Larson, Peter B. McIntyre, John M. Melack, Mariana Montoya, Thierry Oberdorff, Rodrigo Paiva, Guillaume Perez, Brendan H. Rappazzo, Scott Steinschneider, Sandra Torres, Mariana Varese, M. Todd Walter, Xiaojian Wu, Yexiang Xue, Xavier E. Zapata-Rios, Carla P. Gomes
Summary: The proposed hydropower dams in the Amazon region require strategic evaluation due to the various ecosystem services provided by the river basin. Using multiobjective optimization, this study identifies portfolios of sites that minimize impacts on different aspects while achieving energy production goals. The uncoordinated dam-by-dam expansion has led to the loss of ecosystem service benefits, highlighting the importance of considering diverse environmental impacts and cooperation among Amazonian nations.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yuanchao Hu, Meirong Su, Limin Jiao
Summary: Agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is crucial for achieving global climate goals. However, the specific opportunities for reducing agricultural GHG emissions at sub-national and food-specific scales are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed agricultural GHG emissions in mainland China from 2000 to 2020 and identified Hunan province, rice cultivation, enteric fermentation, and CH4 as the largest emission sources by region, product group, process, and gas, respectively. Agricultural emissions peaked in 2015, decreased temporarily by 8% by 2020, and are projected to decline by 30-36% by 2060, primarily due to potential reductions in meat production in eastern and northern China. While emissions and land use per unit of food product generally decreased, emissions per unit of land use increased in many regions and food groups. Our findings highlight the opportunities and challenges for GHG mitigation in the top emitters in central China and marginal agriculture in the northeast.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yan Jiang, Yizhen Zhang, Shun Wang, Zhongzhong Wang, Yanchen Liu, Zhenhu Hu, Xinmin Zhan
Summary: The study found that the co-digestion of food waste and pig manure performs better in reducing environmental impacts compared to existing practices, but there are still hotspots such as methane emissions during digestate storage, ammonia emissions during land application, and energy consumption. The global warming potential only becomes negative when the food waste proportion is over 2000 t/yr.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hope M. Wikoff, Samantha B. Reese, Matthew O. Reese
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of two dominant photovoltaic technologies on global decarbonization goals and finds that increasing the deployment of thin-film PV and changing the manufacturing grid mix can contribute to achieving these goals.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Arif Goheer
Summary: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions post Paris Agreement is a global concern, with a focus on balancing agricultural emissions reduction with food security. Pakistan's agriculture sector mainly contributes to emissions from agricultural soils, enteric fermentation, and livestock manure management, with a continual increase in emissions over the years.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claudia Arantes Silva, Giancarlo Santilli, Edson Eyji Sano, Giovanni Laneve
Summary: The study reveals a strong correlation between fire occurrences and slash-and-burn practices in newly deforested areas in Novo Progresso municipality and Para State. Deforestation in 2019 exceeded 10,000 km(2), which is 48% higher than the previous decade, raising global concerns. The steady rise in deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon since 2012 has led to significant greenhouse gas emissions and ecosystem degradation.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Gokul Prasad Mathivanan, Max Eysholdt, Maximilian Zinnbauer, Claus Roesemann, Roland Fuss
Summary: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine country-specific and stratified N2O emission factors for direct agricultural emissions in Germany. It was found that northern districts had relatively lower emission factors than southern districts. The national implied emission factor for direct N2O emissions from managed agricultural soils was 0.62%, which is 8.59% lower than the estimate reported in the 2021 inventory submission to UNFCCC.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David T. Allen, Felipe J. Cardoso-Saldana, Yosuke Kimura, Qining Chen, Zhanhong Xiang, Daniel Zimmerle, Clay Bell, Chris Lute, Jerry Duggan, Matthew Harrison
Summary: This study presents a tool for estimating routine emissions from oil and gas well sites at multiple time scales. It emphasizes the importance of developing detailed emission inventories that incorporate operational data when comparing measurements to routine emissions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Yu Han, Zhongxue Zhang, Tiecheng Li, Peng Chen, Tangzhe Nie, Zuohe Zhang, Sicheng Du
Summary: The comprehensive greenhouse effect of paddy fields depends on the trade-off between greenhouse gas emissions and soil organic carbon sequestration. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different water and straw management on GHG emissions, SOCS, and rice yield. The results showed that straw return combined with water-saving irrigation is an effective strategy to alleviate the comprehensive greenhouse effect of paddy fields.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Maria Rogieri Pelissari, Henrique Oliveira Sawakuchi, Dailson Jose Bertassoli Junior, Nazare da Silva Almeida, Andre Oliveira Sawakuchi
Summary: This study evaluates the influence of water and calcium sulfate on the production of methane and carbon dioxide from petroleum biodegradation in tar sandstones, showing that the addition of water can increase gas production. Experiments indicate that calcium sulfate may act as a buffer for pH, limiting the negative influence of acidification on methane and carbon dioxide production.
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ana Lucia Caceres, Paulina Jaramillo, H. Scott Matthews, Constantine Samaras, Bart Nijssen
Summary: Hydropower is a low-carbon option to increase power generation in developing countries, but climate change can affect it through changes in precipitation, temperatures, and glacier mass. A modeling framework using global datasets and GCMs has been proposed to evaluate climate-induced impacts on hydropower, providing insights for future planning decisions and potential interconnections between countries.
ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Henrique O. Sawakuchi, David Bastviken, Alex Enrich-Prast, Nicholas D. Ward, Plinio B. Camargo, Jeffrey E. Richey
Summary: The study evaluated CH4 dynamics in a tropical run-of-the-river (ROR) reservoir in the Amazon region, showing higher CH4 production in reservoirs' littoral sediment than in naturally flooded areas downstream of the dam. Despite high CH4 oxidation rates in the main channel, the concentration and fluxes of CH4 remained low. Maintaining mixing and oxygenation throughout the reservoir's water column could limit diffusive CH4 emissions from the main channel, while the presence of less oxidized CH4 after the dam suggests the need for further assessment on the reservoir's impact on annual CH4 emissions.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Francisco Ralston Fonseca, Michael Craig, Paulina Jaramillo, Mario Berges, Edson Severnini, Aviva Loew, Haibo Zhai, Yifan Cheng, Bart Nijssen, Nathalie Voisin, John Yearsley
Summary: Electricity grid planners must balance investment and operational costs while considering the impacts of climate change to avoid an increase in social costs. Reasonable planning decisions need to include the effects of climate change.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Andrew Allee, Nathaniel J. Williams, Alexander Davis, Paulina Jaramillo
Summary: Mini-grids are the lowest-cost solutions for electrifying rural communities with low energy access. Survey-based demand estimates for unelectrified customers are typically unreliable, overpredicting demand in the absence of historical data. Thorough inventories of currently-owned appliances should be prioritized in surveys to improve estimates of initial electricity demand.
ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Correction
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Andrew Allee, Nathaniel J. Williams, Alexander Davis, Paulina Jaramillo
ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thais L. Pinheiro, Andre M. Amado, Jose R. Paranaiba, Gabrielle R. Quadra, Nathan Barros, Vanessa Becker
Summary: Droughts in semiarid regions and exposure of reservoir sediments to atmosphere have led to increased greenhouse gas emissions. An experimental evaluation of drawdown sediments from Brazilian semiarid reservoirs showed that the re-flooding of sediments resulted in low emissions of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jorge L. Izar-Tenorio, Paulina Jaramillo, Nathan Williams
Summary: This study evaluates the productive and economic feasibility of pressurized small-scale irrigation systems in Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Uganda for three staple crops and two horticulture crops. The results indicate that small-scale pressurized irrigation can significantly increase yields for horticulture crops and staples such as maize or potato grown with improved seeds and moderate or greater fertility levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Thais L. Pinheiro, Andre M. Amado, Jose R. Paranaiba, Gabrielle R. Quadra, Nathan Barros, Vanessa Becker
Summary: Extended droughts in semiarid regions have led to increased exposure of reservoir sediments to the atmosphere, prompting more frequent agricultural activities on these drawdown areas. Agricultural intensification has been found to significantly enhance the fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane emissions from these sediments, with higher nutrient levels in crop-related sediment being key predictors for increased emissions. Efforts to understand and mitigate the impact of human-made reservoirs on the global carbon balance are essential in the face of climate change.
Article
Management
Dini Maghfirra, Jared L. Cohon, Paulina Jaramillo, M. Granger Morgan
Summary: The study utilizes multi-objective mixed-integer-linear programming (MOMILP) to identify the optimal investment strategy for micro-hydropower (MHP) generation, considering factors such as generation capacity and equity. This helps enhance rural electrification efficiency in Indonesia.
JOURNAL OF MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Thiago P. Silva, Juliana P. Gamalier, Victor Zarantonello, Caique R. Soares, Nathalia S. Resende, Nathan O. Barros, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that freshwater bacteria are capable of releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) upon viral infection. By examining freshwater samples and bacterial cultures, researchers found that virus-infected bacteria released significantly higher numbers of EVs compared to controls. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized capability of freshwater bacteria in response to viral infection.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana Lucia Caceres, Paulina Jaramillo, H. Scott Matthews, Constantine Samaras, Bart Nijssen
Summary: Hydropower in Africa will be crucial for meeting the increasing energy needs, but it will be affected by climate change. Through evaluating the usable capacity and supply variability of existing hydropower plants and considering various future scenarios, the study finds that regional interconnections and variable renewable energy can help to reduce capacity loss and variability in hydropower.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Paulina Jaramillo
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gustav Pajala, David Rudberg, Magnus Galfalk, John Michael Melack, Sally Macintyre, Jan Karlsson, Henrique Oliveira Sawakuchi, Jonathan Schenk, Anna Sieczko, Ingrid Sundgren, Nguyen Thanh Duc, David Bastviken
Summary: Higher gas transfer velocities for CO2 compared to CH4 in lakes challenge previous assumptions and emphasize the significance of gas-specific transport in aquatic greenhouse gas exchange. Recent observations have found that normalizing apparent k estimates between gases can yield different results for CO2 and CH4. Through measurements in four lakes, it was consistently found that normalized apparent k values for CO2 were higher than CH4. This highlights the influence of gas-specific factors on apparent k estimates and the importance of accurately measuring relevant air-water gas concentration gradients.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joan Nkiriki, Paulina Jaramillo, Nathan Williams, Alex Davis, Daniel Erian Armanios
Summary: The global demand for transportation is rising, and the dominance of current modes, mainly personal internal combustion engine vehicles, will result in increased greenhouse gas emissions and worsen the climate crisis. The lack of demand data in developing countries poses a challenge for understanding the barriers and opportunities for low-carbon transportation systems. To overcome this limitation, a logarithmic regression model is developed to estimate land-based passenger and freight transport demand using socioeconomic variables. Scenario-based estimates for transportation services are produced for 179 countries using shared socioeconomic pathways data. The findings show that middle-income countries in Asia, such as India and China, are expected to have the highest transport demand, while low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa will experience significant growth in demand. These two trends converge around 2030, with a shift in transport demand from East Asia to South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa by 2050.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH: INFRASTRUCTURE AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)