Article
Oncology
Mara H. O'Brien, Henry C. Pitot, Sang-Hyuk Chung, Paul F. Lambert, Norman R. Drinkwater, Andrea Bilger
Summary: Estrogen plays a protective role against liver cancer in females primarily through Estrogen Receptor-alpha rather than Estrogen Receptor-beta. Deficiency of Estrogen Receptor-alpha significantly increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in females, while deletion specifically in hepatocytes maintains female-specific liver gene expression. The control of sex-specific liver gene expression by Esr1, which mediates liver cancer risk, involves cells other than hepatocytes.
Article
Immunology
Thomas J. Colgan, Peter A. Moran, Louise C. Archer, Robert Wynne, Stephen A. Hutton, Philip McGinnity, Thomas E. Reed
Summary: Vertebrates have evolved a complex immune system for identifying and responding to pathogens, but sex differences may affect immune gene expression. Past whole genome duplication events may have provided novel immune innovations for salmonids.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariano Schiffrin, Carine Winkler, Laure Quignodon, Aurelien Naldi, Martin Trotzmuller, Harald Kofeler, Hugues Henry, Paolo Parini, Beatrice Desvergne, Federica Gilardi
Summary: This study found a sex dimorphism in hepatosteatosis in NAFLD mouse models, with females showing more severe liver fat accumulation compared to males. The lipid composition in male and female livers also differed significantly. Sex-biased genes related to lipid metabolism, drug metabolism, inflammation, and cellular stress response pathways were particularly affected by hepatosteatosis in both sexes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Rodriguez-Caro, Jennifer Fenner, Shivam Bhardwaj, Jared Cole, Caleb Benson, Alexandra M. Colombara, Riccardo Papa, Matthew W. Brown, Arnaud Martin, Ryan C. Range, Brian A. Counterman
Summary: This study explores the genetic basis of sexually dimorphic development through examining sex-specific differences in butterfly wing color patterns. The researchers discovered a novel duplication of the dsx gene associated with sexually dimorphic UV coloration, which may play a role in suppressing UV scale differentiation in females. The findings highlight the molecular flexibility of the dsx gene in mediating the differentiation of secondary sexual characteristics.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Eirini Chrysanthou, Emir Sehovic, Paola Ostano, Giovanna Chiorino
Summary: Female melanoma patients have a lower incidence and better prognosis compared to males. Through statistical analysis of melanoma gene expression datasets, this study reveals sex and stage differences in gene expression. Specifically, females have lower gene expression variability in normal skin, nevi, and early-stage melanomas, while males have lower variability in stage III melanomas. Gene expression differences between sexes are most notable in non-melanoma and early-stage melanoma samples.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Houle, Changde Cheng
Summary: Sexual dimorphism in gene expression may be the underlying source of dimorphism in various traits. It can evolve as both a direct response to selection favoring different phenotypes in the two sexes, and as an indirect response to other types of selection. Differences in sex-specific genetic variances can have a significant impact on the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Zaynab Osama Alshibani, Rabia Alghazeer, Mohamed Elhensheri, Refaat. M. Tabagh, Areej A. Eskandrani, Wafa S. Alansari, Mahmoud M. Habibulla, Ghalia Shamlan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the endocrine disruptor BPA on liver pathology and found that the HDAC2 inhibitor VPA can protect mice against BPA-induced liver damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and enhancing the levels of antioxidant-reduced GSH.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huiying Han, Hang Wu, Yongwei Zhi, Jingzhe Zhou, Wei Li, Longyi Yuan, Yu Cao
Summary: This study assessed the effects of different loadings of bisphenol A (BPA) on the growth and reproductive traits of the aquatic plant Vallisneria natans. The results showed that BPA inhibited leaf elongation but increased leaf and ramet numbers at the highest loading. Changes in total carbon and soluble sugar contents were also observed. However, the total biomass did not significantly change after BPA treatments, indicating no direct toxic effects on growth. The highest BPA loading resulted in sexual dimorphism and reduced seed viability.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luz Marina Sanchez-Mendoza, Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Sandra Rodriguez-Lopez, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, Miguel Calvo-Rubio, Rafael de Cabo, Maria I. Buron, Jose A. Gonzalez-Reyes, Jose M. Villalba
Summary: The study investigates the effect of sex on metabolic adaptations induced by overexpression of CYB5R3 and the modulation of key markers related to mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. It was found that CYB5R3 overexpression leads to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function, as well as increased mitochondrial abundance in skeletal muscle. These beneficial actions are predominantly observed in females, with differences in NADH levels and the abundance of cytochrome c and DRP-1. The results also show ultrastructural changes in transgenic females, including an increase in the number and size of mitochondria.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jeffrey S. McKinnon, William Burns Newsome, Christopher N. Balakrishnan
Summary: Understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying carotenoid-based sexual dichromatism is limited. This study examined gene expression in threespine stickleback and found differences in gene expression and networks associated with female red coloration between populations. Additionally, comparisons between populations with and without red females revealed extensive expression differences. TTC39B emerged as a consistent gene associated with female red coloration and is implicated in carotenoid pathways.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Berthier, Manuel Johanns, Francesco Paolo Zummo, Philippe Lefebvre, Bart Staels
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play crucial roles in hepatic and whole-body energy homeostasis, with emerging evidence suggesting involvement in more processes beyond lipid and glucose metabolism. Recent studies have revealed unexpected complexity in the regulation of PPARs, including tissular zonation, cellular heterogeneity, circadian rhythms, sexual dimorphism, and species-specific features that were previously overlooked.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chen Zhao, Youlin Wang, Hao Yang, Shupei Wang, Marie-Christine Tang, Denis Cyr, Fabienne Parente, Pierre Allard, Paula Waters, Alexandra Furtos, Gongshe Yang, Grant A. Mitchell
Summary: Propionic acidemia (PA) is a severe autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). A study on PA transgenic (Pat) mice demonstrated that they exhibit clinical and biochemical features similar to human PA patients, making them a useful model for studying tissue pathophysiology and treatment outcomes.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qi Zhu, Nathan Qi, Ling Shen, Chunmin C. C. Lo, Meifeng Xu, Qing Duan, Nicholas J. Ollberding, Zhe Wu, David Y. Y. Hui, Patrick Tso, Min Liu
Summary: The gut microbiome has a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism, with little understanding of how it modulates sex differences in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to determine if gut microbiota modulates sexual dimorphism of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). After 4-week HFD consumption, female mice exhibited less body weight gain, lower body fat composition, and significantly lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels compared to male mice. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed different compositions between male and female mice, with enrichment of beneficial microbes in females and depletion of harmful microbes. Correlation analysis suggested that the different microbiota compositions were associated with sexual dimorphism in body weight, fat mass, and lipid metabolism. Comprehensive understanding of sexual dimorphism in lipid metabolism modulated by the microbiota could help develop more sex-specific treatment options for dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders in females.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Partha K. Chandra, Sinisa Cikic, Melody C. Baddoo, Ibolya Rutkai, Jessie J. Guidry, Erik K. Flemington, Prasad V. G. Katakam, David W. Busija
Summary: This study reveals significant sex disparities in gene expression and canonical pathways of brain microvessels, with male microvessels showing differential expression in genes related to glycosylphosphatidylinositol and steroid synthesis, while female microvessels mainly involve respiratory chain and ribosome pathways.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mathias Scharmann, Anthony G. Rebelo, John R. Pannell
Summary: Differences between males and females in dioecious plants are usually more subtle, but sexually dimorphic leaf size has evolved in the South African Cape plant genus Leucadendron. The sexual dimorphism is largely due to differential gene expression between the sexes. Despite the faster rate of expression evolution in sex-biased genes, there is no evidence of their adaptive significance in the evolution process.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rupak Datta, Keith Glenn, Anthony Pellegrino, Jessica Tuan, Brian Linde, Jehanzeb Kayani, Kavin Patel, Lisbeysi Calo, Louise Marie Dembry, Ann Fisher
Summary: Previous studies did not measure face-mask compliance, so a quality improvement study was conducted to monitor and improve compliance among healthcare personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a universal masking mandate, compliance remained suboptimal. A multimodal intervention involving audit, feedback, discussion, and leadership communication effectively increased face-mask compliance among healthcare personnel.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Clair A. Kronk, Avery R. Everhart, Florence Ashley, Hale M. Thompson, Theodore E. Schall, Teddy G. Goetz, Laurel Hiatt, Zackary Derrick, Roz Queen, A. Ram, E. Mae Guthman, Olivia M. Danforth, Elle Lett, Emery Potter, Simon E. D. Sun, Zack Marshall, Ryan Karnoski
Summary: Researchers present recommendations for collecting sex- and gender-related data in electronic health records, as well as common pitfalls. Collaborations and open inclusion of transgender and gender-diverse individuals are crucial for shifting the paradigm in transgender and gender-diverse health.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, Levent Mutlu, Hugh S. Taylor
Summary: The study showed that bone marrow-derived stem cells can differentiate into various uterine cell types while retaining stem cell properties in a mouse model.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. G. Goetz, N. Nair, S. Shiau, R. R. Recker, J. M. Lappe, D. W. Dempster, H. Zhou, B. Zhao, X. Guo, W. Shen, T. L. Nickolas, M. Kamanda-Kosseh, M. Bucovsky, J. Stubby, E. Shane, A. Cohen
Summary: The study revealed paradoxical relationships between serum IGF-1, bone, and fat in premenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporosis. Higher IGF-1 levels were associated with lower bone formation, higher body fat, and lower response to teriparatide, suggesting abnormal regulation of bone and fat may contribute to osteoporosis mechanisms.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Teddy G. Goetz, Amanda C. Arcomano
Summary: This research explores the goals and barriers of legal gender affirmation for transgender individuals, as well as their perspectives on the gender-neutral X marker. The results show that most participants are interested in changing their legal name and gender marker, but face logistical challenges, fears of violence/discrimination, cost, and legality. Additionally, some participants perceive the X gender marker as potentially harmful, leading to concerns about compatibility with other documents and increased risk of gender-based violence/discrimination.
JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, Nikoletta Toffoloni, Shutaro Habata, Huang Qunhua, Rula Atwani, Nina Stachenfeld, Hugh S. Taylor
Summary: Endometriosis may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lijuan Zhang, Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, Shutaro Habata, Molly McAdow, Hugh S. Taylor
Summary: Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study reveals the pathological correlation between CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling and premature labor, suggesting that targeting this axis could be an effective strategy for preventing infection and inflammation-related preterm birth.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, SiHyun Cho, Levent Mutlu, Hugh S. Taylor
Summary: Uterine-derived multipotent stem cells showed potential in kidney regeneration after ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) by contributing to tubular and vascular regeneration, improving kidney function, and increasing survival rates. Administration of UDCs may be a promising new therapy for AKI, suggesting a novel interaction between the uterus and kidney.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel R. Bunting, Sarah K. Calabrese, Sabina T. Spigner, Teddy G. Goetz, Shane D. Morrison, Shana M. Zucker, Timothy D. Ritchie, Sarah S. Garber, Tamzin J. Batteson
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether medical students perceived sexual minority patients as more complex compared to heterosexual patients, even when presenting with the same symptoms, and whether this perceived complexity affected their confidence in caring for sexual minority patients.
Letter
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, Hugh S. Taylor
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Teddy G. Goetz, Noah Adams
Summary: This systematic review summarizes primary literature on TGD/ADHD experience, and found issues of paucity of literature, lack of TGD/ADHD community involvement, and insufficient attention to the topic.
JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Teddy G. G. Goetz, Krisha Aghi, Christoph Anacker, Diane Ehrensaft, Neir Eshel, Jordan Marrocco, Jared W. W. Young, Troy A. A. Roepke
Summary: Research on the mental health of the LGBTQIA2S+ community has been biased and inadequate, failing to represent the best scientific quality and address the needs of these populations. This article highlights the impact of bias on advancing understanding of mental health in LGBTQIA2S+ communities and discusses current research disparities and treatment strategies. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing ciscentrism and transphobia in transgender mental health research and provides guidance for improving the quality of the field.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Shutaro Habata, Ramanaiah Mamillapalli, Abdullah Ucar, Hugh S. S. Taylor
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynecological disorder characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only contribute directly to endometriosis, but also indirectly affect the bone marrow by regulating inflammatory cells derived from the bone marrow. Conditioning of bone marrow with MSCs can inhibit the development of endometriotic lesions, reduce inflammation, and potentially promote tissue repair.
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Correction
Psychiatry
Hyun-Hee Kim, Teddy G. Goetz, Victoria Grieve, Alex S. Keuroghlian
HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Claudia De Grandi, Zachary B. Smithline, Philip M. Reeves, Laura G. Goetz, Nathaniel Barbour, Erika Hairston, Joyce Guoah, Fadeke Muraina, Joel A. Bervell, Lauren M. Chambers, Helen Caines, Andrew D. Miranker, Simon G. J. Mochrie
Summary: This paper introduces a survey tool for assessing undergraduate STEM environments, aiming to help STEM instructors explore the climate and provide data analysis methods. By assembling a diverse research team, the goal was achieved.
TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Lei Gong, Siyi Jiang, Jia Tian, Yong Li, Wansu Yu, Lubo Zhang, Daliao Xiao
Summary: Exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy can lead to the development of a neonatal brain hypoxia/ischemia-sensitive phenotype. The PTEN/AKT/mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway plays a role in this process.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Sudipta Dutta, Kirthiram K. Sivakumar, John W. Erwin, Jone A. Stanley, Joe A. Arosh, Robert J. Taylor, Sakhila K. Banu
Summary: This study found that exposure to hexavalent chromium disrupts follicle development and causes apoptosis by altering epigenetic marks in the ovary.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Yuxin Li, Xianzhi He, Bin Sun, Nannan Hu, Jiamin Li, Ruolan You, Feiyan Tao, Lei Fang, Yuanyuan Li, Qingfeng Zhai
Summary: This study investigated the toxic effects and mechanism of beta-CYP and EMB on the reproductive system of female rats. The results showed that exposure to these pesticides led to changes in hormone and gene expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, as well as alterations in oxidative damage indicators. The findings support the evaluation of the adverse effects of pesticide exposure on reproductive health in greenhouse operations.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ran Lee, Won-Young Lee, Hyun-Jung Park
Summary: This study investigates the toxicity of diuron on fetal mouse testes and finds that diuron has a negative impact on the development of fetal Leydig cells, while not affecting germ cells and Sertoli cells.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
