Article
Oncology
David F. Yankelevitz, Rowena Yip, Claudia I. Henschke
Summary: Growth assessment of pulmonary nodules is important for diagnosis, but the impact of time delay for follow-up diagnostic scans on prognosis needs to be considered. Using data from the International Early Lung Cancer Action Program, the study estimated the decrease in lung cancer cure rate resulting from delays in CT scans. The findings suggest that the time between scans affects prognosis, particularly for fast-growing and larger cancers.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John T. Murchison, Gillian Ritchie, David Senyszak, Jeroen H. Nijwening, Gerben van Veenendaal, Joris Wakkie, Edwin J. R. van Beek
Summary: This study evaluated the application of a commercially available computer assisted diagnosis system (CAD) in a routine clinical population. The results showed that the system significantly increased the ability of radiologists to detect pulmonary nodules, while also slightly increasing the false positive rate.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ganesh Singadkar, Abhishek Mahajan, Meenakshi Thakur, Sanjay Talbar
Summary: This paper proposes a more robust and accurate lung segmentation method which can successfully handle juxtapleural nodules and pulmonary vessels, achieving high levels of segmentation accuracy. The method is faster than manual segmentation done by radiologists.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY-COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Gareth R. Iball, Michael Darby, Rhian Gabe, Philip A. J. Crosbie, Matthew E. J. Callister
Summary: The study developed a CT scanning protocol for lung cancer screening with low radiation dose and high image quality. Specific anthropomorphic and image quality phantoms were used to establish these protocols, which met published criteria and were suitable for community-based lung cancer screening.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Anton Schreuder, Ernst T. Scholten, Bram van Ginneken, Colin Jacobs
Summary: Lung cancer CT screening has shown a reduction in deaths but faces challenges such as false positives, cost-effectiveness, and radiologist availability. AI can enhance efficiency in screening, but more research is needed to fully integrate it into the analysis of lung CT scans.
TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anton Manyak, Luke Seaburg, Kristin Bohreer, Steve H. Kirtland, Michal Hubka, Anthony J. Gerbino
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed a lung cancer screening program conducted at a nonuniversity teaching hospital and found that invasive procedures to resolve false-positive findings were uncommon. While there were some invasive procedures performed to evaluate incidental findings considered benign but clinically important, these procedures often had clinical value.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tan-Cong Nguyen, Tien-Phat Nguyen, Tri Cao, Thao Thi Phuong Dao, Thi-Ngoc Ho, Tam Nguyen, Minh-Triet Tran
Summary: In this study, a method for automatic detection and segmentation of pulmonary nodules is proposed by enhancing the feature information of nodules. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of nodule detection and segmentation tasks.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Heath R. Pardoe, Samantha P. Martin
Summary: In-scanner head motion affects the estimated regional gray matter volumes obtained from structural brain MRI, as well as the construction and graph theoretic metrics of structural covariance networks. The standard deviation in regional gray matter estimates increases with the number of motion-affected scans, leading to increased pairwise correlations between regions. Weighting correlations using image quality metrics can mitigate the effects of head motion.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sumit Gupta, Francine L. Jacobson, Chung Yin Kong, Mark M. Hammer
Summary: The study tested the ACCP and BTS algorithms for high-risk nodules identified at lung cancer screening, finding that thoracic radiologist visual analysis yielded the greatest accuracy for nodule triage. The BTS guidelines performed better than the ACCP guidelines and both were more accurate than the Brock model alone.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Fangping Ren, Mei Xie, Jie Gao, Chongchong Wu, Yang Xu, Xuelei Zang, Xidong Ma, Hui Deng, Jialin Song, Aiben Huang, Li Pang, Jin Qian, Zhaofeng Yu, Guanglei Zhuang, Sanhong Liu, Lei Pan, Xinying Xue
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed TLS in 243 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and found correlations between TLS density and maturity with age, CT features, and tumor stages. Higher TLS density was observed in PSNs and SNs compared to pGGNs, while TLS maturity was higher in patients with advanced tumor stages. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tumor progression and management.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Diana Penha, Erique Pinto, Bruno Hochhegger, Colin Monaghan, Edson Marchiori, Luis Taborda-Barata, Klaus Irion
Summary: This study found that the likelihood of good segmentation for lung nodules with diameters of 5-8 mm decreases with increasing attenuation of the adjacent parenchyma. There was good interobserver and intersoftware agreement on segmentation, though one software package performed better and measurements consistently differed between packages.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Liyun Chen, Dongdong Gu, Yanbo Chen, Ying Shao, Xiaohuan Cao, Guocai Liu, Yaozong Gao, Qian Wang, Dinggang Shen
Summary: This study presents an artificial intelligence lung image analysis system (ALIAS) for nodule detection and segmentation, analyzing differences between benign and malignant lung nodules to enhance understanding of early lung cancer diagnosis.
COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Claudia I. Henschke, Rowena Yip, Dorith Shaham, Javier J. Zulueta, Samuel M. Aguayo, Anthony P. Reeves, Artit Jirapatnakul, Ricardo Avila, Drew Moghanaki, David F. Yankelevitz
Summary: Since 1991, valuable lessons have been learned from planning the study of low-dose CT screening for lung cancer, resulting in the expansion of the ELCAP project to international institutions, development of an advanced management system, and continuous assessment and updating of screening protocols to maximize benefits and minimize harms.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mehdi Alilou, Prateek Prasanna, Kaustav Bera, Amit Gupta, Prabhakar Rajiah, Michael Yang, Frank Jacono, Vamsidhar Velcheti, Robert Gilkeson, Philip Linden, Anant Madabhushi
Summary: The new radiomic feature NIS can help distinguish lung adenocarcinomas from benign granulomas on non-contrast CT scans and potentially improve the performance of Lung-RADS. By reclassifying initially suspicious benign nodules, NIS has the potential to significantly reduce unnecessary biopsies and follow-up imaging.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yifan Wang, Chuan Zhou, Heang-Ping Chan, Lubomir M. Hadjiiski, Aamer Chughtai, Ella A. Kazerooni
Summary: In this study, a hybrid deep learning model was developed for accurate segmentation of lung nodules with different characteristics. The model combined two deep convolutional neural networks as encoders to improve the segmentation performance of complex lung nodules. The results showed that the hybrid model achieved segmentation accuracy comparable to radiologists' performance and outperformed the individual shallow or deep models.
Article
Respiratory System
Philip A. J. Crosbie, Rhian Gabe, Irene Simmonds, Neil Hancock, Panos Alexandris, Martyn Kennedy, Suzanne Rogerson, David Baldwin, Richard Booton, Claire Bradley, Mike Darby, Claire Eckert, Kevin N. Franks, Jason Lindop, Sam M. Janes, Henrik Moller, Rachael L. Murray, Richard D. Neal, Samantha L. Quaife, Sara Upperton, Bethany Shinkins, Puvan Tharmanathan, Matthew E. J. Callister
Summary: Telephone risk assessment followed by a community-based LHC is an effective strategy for lung cancer screening implementation. However, lower participation associated with current smoking status and socioeconomic deprivation underlines the importance of research to ensure equitable access to screening.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Helen Morgan, David r Baldwin
Summary: Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening has been widely accepted for reducing late-stage diagnoses and mortality. However, the economic costs associated with screening need to be considered. Various health economic models have shown significant variation in cost per Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY), influenced by healthcare costs and modifiable program components. Recent studies using UK costs suggest most scenarios are within the willingness to pay threshold. Identifying the most clinically and cost-effective program is crucial, considering factors such as population selection, participation rate, screening intervals, nodule management, and clinical workup.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Savannah Gysling, Helen Morgan, Onosi Sylvia Ifesemen, Douglas West, John Conibear, Neal Navani, Emma Louise O'Dowd, David R. Baldwin, David Humes, Richard Hubbard
Summary: This retrospective observational study examined the incidence rates of lung cancer in England in 2019 and 2020. It found that there was a significant 26% reduction in lung cancer incidence during the first national lockdown in 2020, which gradually recovered to baseline without overcompensation later in the year.
Article
Respiratory System
Torsten Gerriet Blum, Rebecca L. Morgan, Valerie Durieux, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, David R. Baldwin, Jeanette Boyd, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Francoise Galateau-Salle, Fernando Gamarra, Bogdan Grigoriu, Georgia Hardavella, Michael Hauptmann, Erik Jakobsen, Dragana Jovanovic, Paul Knaut, Gilbert Massard, John McPhelim, Anne-Pascale Meert, Robert Milroy, Riccardo Muhr, Luciano Mutti, Marianne Paesmans, Pippa Powell, Paul Martin Putora, Janette Rawlinson, Anna L. Rich, David Rigau, Dirk de Ruysscher, Jean-Paul Sculier, Arnaud Schepereel, Dragan Subotic, Paul Van Schil, Thomy Tonia, Clare Williams, Thierry Berghmans
Summary: This guideline provides good quality recommendations in lung cancer care, based on systematic reviews and evidence syntheses. The recommendations cover various quality improvement measures, such as avoiding delays in diagnosis and treatment, integrating multidisciplinary teams, adhering to guidelines, and using specific tools for decision-making. The recommendations should be periodically updated as new evidence becomes available.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Scott J. Adams, Emily Stone, David R. Baldwin, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Pyng Lee, Florian J. Fintelmann
Summary: Randomised controlled trials have shown that low-dose CT lung cancer screening reduces mortality compared with chest radiography or no screening. However, uncertainties remain about optimizing clinical and cost effectiveness. This Review provides an international perspective on lung cancer screening, covering clinical trials, identification of individuals who benefit, management of screen-detected findings, smoking cessation interventions, cost-effectiveness, artificial intelligence and biomarkers, and challenges and opportunities in implementation.
Article
Respiratory System
Nick Woznitza, Bhagabati Ghimire, Anand Devaraj, Sam M. Janes, Keith Piper, Susan Rowe, Angshu Bhowmik, Natasha Hayes, Daniel Togher, Nikita Arumalla, Erik Skyllberg, Iain T. H. Au-Yong, Susan Geary, Bindu George, Sarah Sheard, Stephen Ellis, Zoheb Shah, Sue Maughn, Stephen W. Duffy, David Baldwin
Summary: The study found that immediate reporting of chest X-rays from primary care can reduce the time to diagnose lung cancer by half, likely due to faster progression to CT. Radiographer reports are comparable in accuracy to local radiologist reports.
Article
Respiratory System
Harriet D. Quinn-Scoggins, Rachael L. Murray, Samantha L. Quaife, Pamela Smith, Kate E. Brain, Matthew E. J. Callister, David R. Baldwin, John Britton, Philip A. J. Crosbie, Rebecca Thorley, Grace M. McCutchan
Summary: A personalized intervention booklet utilizing LDCT scan images has been developed to help smokers quit. The study found that the visual presentation of images had the greatest impact on promoting cessation, and that trained practitioners were important in guiding individuals through the intervention. However, the emphasis on absolute and relative risk may have a demotivating effect.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
David R. Baldwin, Emma L. O. ' Dowd, Ilona Tietzova, Anna Kerpel-Fronius, Marjolein A. Heuvelmans, Annemiek Snoeckx, Haseem Ashraf, Hans -Ulrich Kauczor, Blin Nagavci, Matthijs Oudkerk, Paul Martin Putora, Witold Ryzman, Giulia Veronesi, Andrea Borondy-Kitts, Antoni Rosell Gratacos, Jan van Meerbeeck, Torsten G. Blum
Summary: The European Respiratory Society (ERS) has formed a collaborative group to provide a technical standard for the implementation of lung cancer screening, ensuring high quality and effectiveness.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Weiqi Liao, Carol A. C. Coupland, Judith Burchardt, David R. Baldwin, Fergus Collaborators DART Initiat, Fergus Gleeson, Julia Hippisley-cox
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model (CanPredict (lung) model) for lung cancer screening in the UK and compare its performance with seven other risk prediction models. The model showed excellent discrimination, calibration, and net benefit, outperforming the other models. If implemented in primary care, the model has the potential to identify individuals at high risk of lung cancer for targeted screening.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rebecca Landy, Vivian L. Wang, David R. Baldwin, Paul F. Pinsky, Li C. Cheung, Philip E. Castle, Martin Skarzynski, Hilary A. Robbins, Hormuzd A. Katki
Summary: By reusing LDCT images with deep learning algorithms or statistical models, the harms of low-dose computed tomographic (LDCT) screening can be reduced and the cost-effectiveness can be improved. This study aimed to identify low-risk individuals and estimate how many lung cancers would have been delayed by 1 year in diagnosis if they had been assigned a biennial screening.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
David R. Baldwin
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Helen Morgan, Savannah Gysling, Neal Navani, David Baldwin, Richard Hubbard, Emma O'Dowd
Summary: Early changes in lung cancer care have significant impact on survival, with decreased diagnosis during lockdown leading to lower survival rates. Decreased survival was observed from the first national lockdown onwards and within 90 days of diagnosis. People diagnosed at the end of 2020 had the highest hazard ratios for death within 90 days and between 91 and 270 days.
Article
Respiratory System
Claire Bradley, Panos Alexandris, David R. Baldwin, Richard Booton, Mike Darby, Claire J. Eckert, Rhian Gabe, Neil Hancock, Sam Janes, Martyn Kennedy, Jason Lindop, Richard D. Neal, Suzanne Rogerson, Bethany Shinkins, Irene Simmonds, Sara Upperton, Jorgen Vestbo, Philip A. J. Crosbie, Matthew E. J. Callister
Summary: Spirometry offered alongside LDCT screening can potentially identify cases of undiagnosed and misdiagnosed COPD. Future research should assess the downstream impact of these findings and determine the impact of co-delivering spirometry on other parameters of LDCT screening.
Review
Oncology
Emma L. O'Dowd, Richard W. Lee, Ahsan R. Akram, Emily C. Bartlett, Stephen H. Bradley, Kate Brain, Matthew E. J. Callister, Yan Chen, Anand Devaraj, Sinan R. Eccles, John K. Field, Jesme Fox, Seamus Grundy, Sam M. Janes, Martin Ledson, Melanie MacKean, Anne Mackie, Kieran G. McManus, Rachael L. Murray, Arjun Nair, Samantha L. Quaife, Robert Rintoul, Anne Stevenson, Yvonne Summers, Louise S. Wilkinson, Richard Booton, David R. Baldwint, Philip Crosbie
Summary: Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT has been recommended by the UK National Screening Committee based on trials showing a reduction in lung cancer mortality. The UK has made significant progress in addressing logistical issues and implementing targeted lung cancer screening through clinical trials and the NHS England Targeted Lung Health Check Programme. This Policy Review provides a summary of the consensus and key requirements for effective implementation of a screening programme, and can serve as a valuable resource for countries planning their own lung cancer screenings.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Helen Hall, Mamta Ruparel, Samantha L. Quaife, Jennifer L. Dickson, Carolyn Horst, Sophie Tisi, James Batty, Nicholas Woznitza, Asia Ahmed, Stephen Burke, Penny Shaw, May Jan Soo, Magali Taylor, Neal Navani, Angshu Bhowmik, David R. Baldwin, Stephen W. Duffy, Anand Devaraj, Arjun Nair, Sam M. Janes
Summary: This report examines the accuracy of trained reporting radiographers using CADe support to report LDCT scans. The findings show that the sensitivity of the reporting radiographers was 68-73.7% with a specificity of 92.1-92.7%. We cannot recommend CADe-supported radiographers as the sole reader of LDCT scans, but propose potential avenues for further research.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
