Review
Oncology
Weiqiang Tang, Min Xia, Yajie Liao, Yuan Fang, Gebo Wen, Jing Zhong
Summary: Exosomes are lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles that play critical roles in cancer initiation and progression, including TNBC. Tumor-derived exosomes have been found to be involved in various key processes of cancer, such as invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. Their dysregulation has been linked to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of TNBC patients, making them a potential target for diagnosis and treatment.
Review
Oncology
Xin Yin, Azhar Anwar, Yanbo Wang, Huanhuan Hu, Gaoli Liang, Chenyu Zhang
Summary: The role of sncRNAs in sperm during intergenerational inheritance is gaining attention. Future studies should focus more on the origin of RNA alteration, the target of RNA regulation, and the sustained effect of sncRNA in embryonic development.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Mei Xue, Wei Chen, Xu Li
Summary: EV-transferred lncRNAs play crucial roles in cancer progression and show significant potential as noninvasive biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment, particularly in bladder cancer (BC).
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vicneswarry Dorairaj, Siti Aishah Sulaiman, Nadiah Abu, Nor Azian Abdul Murad
Summary: The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing, necessitating the search for alternative techniques or tools for accurate diagnosis. Early detection is important because nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a marker for severe disease progression. This review summarizes the current noninvasive tools for NAFLD diagnosis and their performance, as well as discussing potential and newer alternative tools for diagnosing NAFLD.
Review
Cell Biology
Artur Slomka, Miroslaw Kornek, William C. Cho
Summary: Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes or small EVs (sEVs), have been found to play a significant role in modulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents through the delivery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The mechanisms involved include translational repression of anti-oncogenes by exosomal microRNAs (miRs) and lack of translational repression of oncogenes by sponging of miRs through long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). These processes ultimately result in increased proliferation and survival of cancer cells, enhanced metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis, leading to chemotherapy failures in different types of cancer patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bin Zeng, Ting Chen, Jun-Yi Luo, Lin Zhang, Qian-Yun Xi, Qing-Yan Jiang, Jia-Jie Sun, Yong-Liang Zhang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are crucial for intercellular communication. Milk-derived EV ncRNAs have been shown to play significant roles in biological processes and may have epigenetic regulatory effects in recipients. Further research is needed to fully understand the precise functions of milk EV ncRNAs.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fereshteh Nazari-Khanamiri, Nima Abdyazdani, Reza Abbasi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Jafar Rezaie
Summary: Exosomes are membrane-bound nanoparticles that originated from eukaryotic cells and contribute to intracellular communication. Noncoding RNAs carried by exosomes play important roles in tumor angiogenesis, with some promoting tumor progression and others inhibiting angiogenesis. Understanding the roles of exosomal noncoding RNAs can aid in the development of exosome-based cancer therapies and biomarkers.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenguang Chang, Mengyang Li, Lin Song, Suo Miao, Wanpeng Yu, Jianxun Wang
Summary: This article reviews the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and noncoding RNAs in diabetes and its complications. Noncoding RNA sorting into sEVs is selective, and the function of sEVs varies according to their tissue origin. Understanding the roles of sEVs from different tissues is important for studying their molecular mechanisms and applying them as therapeutic agents for diabetes treatment.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiaohui Chen, Yun Deng, Ruyan Niu, Zixin Sun, Alya Batool, Liu Wang, Chong Zhang, Ningyu Ma, Qingtang Yang, Guoxiang Liu, Jichun Yang, Yang Luo
Summary: In this study, a Programmable Isothermal Cascade Keen Enzyme-free Reporter (PICKER) was constructed for the accurate detection of cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (csEVs). A novel particle ratio index (PRcsEV/tsEV) was proposed as a potential indicator of breast cancer staging.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guoping Li, Aidan C. Manning, Alex Bagi, Xinyu Yang, Priyanka Gokulnath, Michail Spanos, Jonathan Howard, Patricia P. Chan, Thadryan Sweeney, Robert Kitchen, Haobo Li, Brice D. Laurent, Sary F. Aranki, Maria Kontaridis, Louise C. Laurent, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Jochen Muehlschlegel, Todd M. Lowe, Saumya Das
Summary: The study highlights the crucial role of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in different stress responses and introduces a new sequencing technique for generating a comprehensive abundance landscape of cellular and extracellular tDRs. It also reveals that extracellular tDRs have distinct fragmentation signatures which are better indicators of different stress responses than miRNAs.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fang Wei, Yan Li
Summary: Exosomes, as important messengers, play a crucial role in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. Noncoding RNAs encapsulated in exosomes have significant regulatory functions in the tumor immune microenvironment.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiaohui Chen, Yun Deng, Ruyan Niu, Zixin Sun, Alya Batool, Liu Wang, Chong Zhang, Ningyu Ma, Qingtang Yang, Guoxiang Liu, Jichun Yang, Yang Luo
Summary: In this study, a Programmable Isothermal Cascade Keen Enzyme-free Reporter (PICKER) was constructed to accurately detect and acquire the relative abundance of cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (csEVs) in total small extracellular vesicles (tsEVs). By integrating dual-aptamer recognition and catalytic hairpin assembly amplification, the PICKER showed a detection limit of 420 particles/μL csEVs. A novel particle ratio index of csEV against tsEV (PRcsEV/tsEV) was proposed to eliminate errors from inconsistent centrifugation. PRcsEV/tsEV value was found to increase proportionally to breast cancer stages.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kangchun Wang, Xin Wang, Qi Pan, Bei Zhao
Summary: Liquid biopsy is a noninvasive detection method that shows promising prospects in the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis assessment of pancreatic cancer.
Review
Cell Biology
Miao Hu, Juan Li, Chen-Guang Liu, Robby Miguel W. J. Goh, Fenggang Yu, Zhaowu Ma, Lingzhi Wang
Summary: In this review, we summarized the latest research progress on the biological functions and mechanisms of EV-derived ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis, and comprehensively discussed their potential applications as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Guo, Bolun Zhou, Liang Zhao, Qilin Huai, Fengwei Tan, Qi Xue, Fang Lv, Shugeng Gao, Jie He
Summary: This study identified an exLR-based signature that accurately predicts immunotherapeutic responses and prognosis in NSCLC patients before neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Arun Khadka, Jereme G. Spiers, Lesley Cheng, Andrew F. Hill
Summary: This review discusses the transmission and neurotoxicity mechanisms of prion diseases. The self-propagation of prion protein and intercellular communication through extracellular vesicles play important roles in disease progression. Understanding these transmission mechanisms is crucial for the development of therapies and discovery of biomarkers for prion diseases.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Richard D. Carvajal, Joseph J. Sacco, Martine J. Jager, David J. Eschelman, Roger Olofsson Bagge, J. William Harbour, Nicholas D. Chieng, Sapna P. Patel, Anthony M. Joshua, Sophie Piperno-Neumann
Summary: Uveal melanoma is a rare form of melanoma that occurs in the uveal tract of the eye, and it has distinct characteristics from cutaneous melanoma. Current treatments for primary uveal melanoma, such as radiotherapy and enucleation, can achieve local control in most patients, but distant metastases, especially in the liver, still occur in a significant number of cases. Until January 2022, no systemic therapy had been approved for metastatic uveal melanoma, leading to poor prognosis for these patients. However, recent studies have identified important genomic and immunological features of uveal melanoma, leading to the development of novel treatments, including tebentafusp, which has received regulatory approval.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jenny Heiman, John Pavia, David Bock, Eva Haglind, Roger Olofsson Bagge
Summary: This study evaluated sick leave 12 months after breast cancer surgery and analyzed the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and predictive factors for sick leave. The results showed that a non-supervised physical activity intervention had no effect on sick leave, while adjuvant chemotherapy significantly increased the number of sick leave days. Factors predicting prolonged sick leave included adjuvant chemotherapy, young age, previous mental health problems, and low quality of life.
SURGEON-JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGES OF SURGEONS OF EDINBURGH AND IRELAND
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kian Chin, Fredrik Warnberg, Aniko Kovacs, Roger Olofsson Bagge
Summary: Wound infection, or surgical-site infection (SSI), is common after surgery and can cause delays in treatment for breast cancer patients. The World Health Organization recommends using a surgical care bundle (SCB) to prevent SSIs, but its impact on breast cancer surgery has not been well-documented. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of SSI following the implementation of an SCB for non-reconstructive breast cancer surgery.
Article
Oncology
Hanna Wesslau, Anders Carlander, Lars Ny, Fredrik Warnberg, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Ann-Sophie Lindqvist Bagge
Summary: This study investigated the association between sex, age, tumor burden, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in treatment-naive melanoma patients with in-transit metastases (ITM). The results showed that female sex and having more than 10 tumors were significantly associated with lower HRQOL in patients with ITM.
Article
Oncology
Elin M. V. Forsberg, Rebecca Riise, Sara Saellstrom, Joakim Karlsson, Samuel Alsen, Valentina Bucher, Akseli E. Hemminki, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Lars Ny, Lisa M. Nilsson, Henrik Ronnberg, Jonas A. Nilsson
Summary: CAR-T cells equipped with a claw can be used to kill cancer cells. In this study, researchers modified immune cells called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to carry the claw, creating CAR-TILs. They found that CAR-TILs can kill melanoma cells in culture and in mice, and they also demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of CAR-TILs in companion dogs with cancer.
Article
Oncology
Holmberg Carl-Jacob, Jan Mattsson, Roger Olofsson Bagge
Summary: By analyzing patients treated with ILP before and after the introduction of modern systemic treatments, it was found that ILP is still an effective treatment for melanoma in-transit metastasis, and there were no significant changes in the patient population and treatment outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Nushin Mirzaei, Fredrik Waernberg, Pontus Zaar, Henrik Leonhardt, Roger Olofsson Bagge
Summary: This study aimed to determine the feasibility of detecting sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer patients using an ultra-low dose of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO). SPIO was injected intradermally 4 days before surgery, and SLNs were detected using a handheld magnetometer during surgery. The results showed that SLNs were successfully detected in all patients using the ultra-low dose of SPIO.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public Administration
Andrej Christian Lindholst, Morten Balle Hansen, Jeppe Agger Nielsen
Summary: The use of government contracting provides learning opportunities for public organizations' interactions with private contractors. This study examines whether public organizations take advantage of these opportunities to improve their practices, and how learning outcomes are shaped by various organizational and contextual factors. Survey data from park and road managers in Scandinavia show that government contracting is associated with positive learning outcomes and indicate potential tradeoffs between cost-driven strategies and learning strategies. These findings contribute to understanding the role and benefits of government contracting beyond cost savings in the post-NPM reform era.
PUBLIC PERFORMANCE & MANAGEMENT REVIEW
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Carl-Jacob Holmberg, Rasmus Mikiver, Karolin Isaksson, Christian Ingvar, Marc Moncrieff, Kari Nielsen, Lars Ny, Johan Lyth, Roger Olofsson Bagge
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Johan Lyth, Rasmus Mikiver, Kari Nielsen, Christian Ingvar, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Karolin Isaksson
Summary: This study describes a prognostic instrument for patients with cutaneous melanoma and evaluates its potential as a clinical device for treatment decisions. The prognostic instrument successfully created probabilities for over 30,000 prognostic groups and provides more representative and up-to-date prognostic information for Swedish patients with primary melanoma.
Article
Oncology
Roger Olofsson Bagge, Axel Nelson, Amir Shafazand, Charlotta All-Eriksson, Christian Cahlin, Nils Elander, Hildur Helgadottir, Jens Folke Kiilgaard, Sara Kinhult, Ingrid Ljuslinder, Jan Mattsson, Magnus Rizell, Malin Sternby Eilard, Gustav J. Ullenhag, Jonas A. Nilsson, Lars Ny, Per Lindner
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) compared to best alternative care in uveal melanoma. The results showed that IHP treatment resulted in superior overall response rate, hepatic progression-free survival (hPFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to best alternative care in uveal melanoma patients. In terms of safety, the IHP group had 11 treatment-related serious adverse events compared to 7 in the control group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Giovanni Camussi, Jan Lotvall
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ann-Sophie Lindqvist Bagge, Mats Lekander, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Anders Carlander
Summary: Research shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Swedish population experienced a significant increase in anxiety and depression levels, a decrease in stress levels, but at the same time, a worsening of health-related quality of life and self-rated health. Higher income and education levels have a protective effect against the negative impact on anxiety, depression, stress, and health status.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
An Hendrix, Lien Lippens, Claudio Pinheiro, Clotilde Thery, Lorena Martin-Jaular, Jan Lotvall, Cecilia Lasser, Andrew F. Hill, Kenneth W. Witwer
Summary: Cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) as membrane-enclosed particles for intercellular communication, which have various functions and potential for diagnostics and therapeutics. However, the plethora of methods and the heterogeneity of EVs and their surroundings make it challenging to choose suitable approaches for experiments.
NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS
(2023)