Article
Plant Sciences
Irina Kneuper, William Teale, Jonathan Edward Dawson, Ryuji Tsugeki, Eleni Katifori, Klaus Palme, Franck Anicet Ditengou
Summary: This study reveals a synergistic relationship between auxin biosynthesis and cellular auxin efflux in leaf vein development, explaining the formation of midvein morphology through computational modeling. The findings suggest that the site-specific accumulation of auxin, regulated by the balanced action of cellular auxin efflux and local auxin biosynthesis, is crucial for leaf vein formation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing-Shi Xue, Shi Qiu, Xin-Lei Jia, Shi-Yi Shen, Chong-Wen Shen, Shui Wang, Ping Xu, Qi Tong, Yu-Xia Lou, Nai-Ying Yang, Jian-Guo Cao, Jin-Feng Hu, Hui Shen, Rui-Liang Zhu, Jeremy D. Murray, Wan-Sheng Chen, Zhong-Nan Yang
Summary: Protecting haploid pollen and spores against UV-B light and high temperature is critical for plant reproduction and dispersal. Flavonoids, such as naringenin and flavonols, play an important role in this process by defending against UV-B damage and scavenging reactive oxygen species. The synthesis of flavonoids in pollen during ontogeny and their complexity progressively increasing during plant evolution suggest their central role in the adaptation of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environments.
Article
Plant Sciences
Huabin Liu, Qiong Luo, Chao Tan, Jia Song, Tan Zhang, Shuzhen Men
Summary: Auxin plays an important role in the coordinated development of the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat during seed development. In this study, the distribution pattern and function of auxin during Arabidopsis seed development were investigated. It was found that auxin response signals exhibited a dynamic distribution pattern, with strong signals observed at specific locations in the seed coat. Auxin biosynthesis genes and auxin carriers were identified as contributing factors to the accumulation and polar distribution of auxin in the seed coat. Furthermore, the accumulation of auxin in the seed coat was found to regulate seed size. These findings provide valuable insights and tools for improving crop yields.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiehua Wang, Muhammad Moeen-ud-din, Shaohui Yang
Summary: Zinc has dose-dependent effects on both vegetative and reproductive growth of Arabidopsis, regulated by differences in auxin synthesis and transport. Exogenous IAA can alleviate zinc-induced short-root phenotype by affecting auxin accumulation, while mutants with deficient auxin mechanisms exhibit hypersensitivity to zinc.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Wu, Jun-Li Wang, Xiao-Feng Li, Guang-Qin Guo
Summary: The plant root is a dynamic system that responds to external environmental stimuli by adjusting its growth and development. The finely tuned cross-talk between auxin and cytokinin phytohormones plays a key role in regulating this process. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms behind cytokinin-controlled auxin gradients in root tips, affecting cell division and differentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tingting Ding, Feng Zhang, Junxia Wang, Fengxia Wang, Jiajia Liu, Chuantian Xie, Yangjie Hu, Eilon Shani, Xiangpei Kong, Zhaojun Ding, Huiyu Tian
Summary: Manipulating the local response and synthesis of the plant hormone auxin revealed the contributions of different cell types to root growth and development. Inhibiting or enhancing auxin signaling in various cell types had significant impacts on root growth, with the most pronounced effects observed in the endodermis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naveed Ur Rehman, Xi Li, Peichun Zeng, Shaoying Guo, Saad Jan, Yunfeng Liu, Yifeng Huang, Qingjun Xie
Summary: Strigolactones (SLs) are a vital class of plant hormones with multifunctional roles in plant development and interactions within the rhizosphere. They play a key role in regulating various processes such as root growth, shoot architecture, leaf senescence, nodulation, and response to external stimuli, ultimately offering potential strategies for enhancing crop yield and productivity in the face of global climate and environmental changes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinling Zhong, Hongliang Hu, Baofang Fan, Cheng Zhu, Zhixiang Chen
Summary: Salicylic acid (SA) is a key plant hormone in defense against pathogen infection, predominantly synthesized from isochorismate in Arabidopsis. Recent studies have shed light on how SA regulates plant growth by crosstalk with the growth-promoting hormone auxin, affecting defense and growth balance. Further understanding of SA biosynthesis and its role in defense and growth will be crucial for improving crop disease resistance and fitness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ilias El Houari, Petr Klima, Alexandra Baekelandt, Paul E. E. Staswick, Veselina Uzunova, Charo I. I. Del Genio, Ward Steenackers, Petre I. I. Dobrev, Roberta Filepova, Ondrej Novak, Richard Napier, Jan Petrasek, Dirk Inze, Wout Boerjan, Bartel Vanholme
Summary: Chemical inhibitors are commonly used for functional gene characterization, but the non-specific effects in complex biological settings are often overlooked. In this study, we found that piperonylic acid (PA), an inhibitor of C4H, competes with GH3.6 and increases IAA levels in plants, affecting other GH3-conjugated phytohormones. Our results highlight the importance of considering the interference of chemical inhibitors with endogenous processes in studies.
Review
Plant Sciences
Shuyang Cheng, Yizhou Wang
Summary: Auxin is transported between cells via PIN auxin exporters, whose polar distribution and activity are regulated by various factors at multiple levels. These regulations form a complex network that controls auxin-distribution-dependent development.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wolfgang Schmidt
Summary: A recent study found that plants use an interlaced bimodal peptide-receptor system to sense the pH of their root apoplast, and the readout of this system determines whether plants prioritize growth or defense. This discovery helps us understand how plants respond to pH changes in their environment.
Article
Plant Sciences
Moab T. Andrade, Leonardo A. Oliveira, Talitha S. Pereira, Amanda A. Cardoso, Willian Batista-Silva, Fabio M. DaMatta, Aguston Zsogon, Samuel C. Martins
Summary: This study investigates the effects of the dgt mutation on plant hydraulics and leaf gas exchange in tomato plants. The dgt mutant shows reduced vessel diameter and conduit number in petioles and stems, resulting in lower hydraulic conductivities. Interestingly, despite similar root characteristics, the dgt mutant has lower root hydraulic conductance. Additionally, the increased vein and stomatal density in the dgt mutant does not lead to higher leaf gas exchange due to compromised hydraulic efficiency.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rasha Althiab-Almasaud, Huguette Sallanon, Caren Chang, Christian Chervin
Summary: The plant hormone ethylene is essential for plant development and can promote pollen tube growth through ACC signaling, even when ethylene perception is inhibited. ACC acts as a signal molecule that bypasses the ethylene receptor step to stimulate pollen tube growth and gene expression.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marco Marconi, Krzysztof Wabnik
Summary: Plant development involves complex processes that depend on cell polarity, which regulates anisotropic growth and polar localization of membrane proteins. Cell polarity is critical for various plant developmental processes, including embryogenesis, cell division, and response to external stimuli. The establishment of cell polarity is still not fully understood, and computer models have been proposed and tested to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding and research on computer models of cell polarity in plants, focusing on the proteins and mechanisms involved.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lindy Abas, Martina Kolb, Johannes Stadlmann, Dorina P. Janacek, Kristina Lukic, Claus Schwechheimer, Leonid A. Sazanov, Lukas Mach, Jiri Friml, Ulrich Z. Hammes
Summary: NPA is a key inhibitor of directional auxin transport in plants, acting by directly inhibiting PINs. Research also shows an effect of NPA on PIN dimerization, offering insights into structural aspects of PINs related to their transport mechanism.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bethany M. Moore, Yun Sun Lee, Peipei Wang, Christina Azodi, Erich Grotewold, Shin-Han Shiu
Summary: The modeling and experimental validation of transcriptional response to wounding and jasmonic acid identified temporal cis-regulatory codes and new regulatory sequences important for wound response. The study provides a global predictive model for wound response and highlights the significance of regulatory factors and open chromatin regions in different types of wound response.
Article
Plant Sciences
Su-Ying Yeh, Hsin-Hung Lin, Yao-Ming Chang, Yu-Lun Chang, Chao-Kang Chang, Yi-Cin Huang, Yi-Wen Ho, Chu-Yin Lin, Jun-Ze Zheng, Wann-Neng Jane, Chun-Yeung Ng, Mei-Yeh Lu, I-Ling Lai, Kin-Ying To, Wen-Hsiung Li, Maurice S. B. Ku
Summary: The maize GLK1 and GLK2 genes improved rice photosynthetic performance and productivity by promoting chloroplast development and photosynthesis. This approach could potentially be utilized to enhance the productivity of other crops as well.
Article
Agronomy
Kuan-Lin Lo, Yi-Nian Chen, Min-Yu Chiang, Mei-Chun Chen, Jerome P. Panibe, Chung-Chun Chiu, Lu-Wei Liu, Liang-Jwu Chen, Chun-Wei Chen, Wen-Hsiung Li, Chang-Sheng Wang
Summary: Rice blast is a destructive epidemic disease, and breeding resistant varieties is an economic and environmentally friendly strategy. Artificially induced mutants can be used to identify new broad-spectrum resistant genes. The sodium azide induced mutant SA0169 showed durable and broad-spectrum blast resistance.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fang-Jung Yang, Chiao-Nung Chen, Tiffany Chang, Ting-Wei Cheng, Ni-Chen Chang, Chia-Yi Kao, Chih-Chi Lee, Yu-Ching Huang, Jung-Chen Hsu, Jengyi Li, Meiyeh J. Lu, Shih-Peng Chan, John Wang
Summary: In this study, the phiC31 integrase system was adapted for use in C. elegans, allowing for precise single-copy insertion of large DNA constructs and generation of inversions. Integration of genes up to 33.4 kb in size was achieved by injecting a plasmid, and a dual-color fluorescent reporter system for studying post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA was established.
Review
Plant Sciences
Peipei Wang, Ally M. Schumacher, Shin-Han Shiu
Summary: Predicting plant metabolic pathways is crucial for metabolic engineering and the production of plant metabolite-derived medicine. Recent progress has been made in using multi-omics data and computational approaches to predict the pathways, complementing traditional genetic and biochemical approaches.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Chen Siang Ng, Cheng-Kuo Lai, Huei-Mien Ke, Hsin-Han Lee, Chih-Feng Chen, Pin-Chi Tang, Hsu-Chen Cheng, Meiyeh J. Lu, Wen-Hsiung Li, Isheng Jason Tsai
Summary: This study presents the first de novo assembly of the mandarin duck genome, providing insights into its evolutionary history and genetic characteristics. The findings reveal the presence of repetitive sequences and expanded gene families that are associated with olfactory perception, feather development, and branching structures.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tracy Jiaye Lee, Yu-Ching Liu, Wei-An Liu, Yu-Fei Lin, Hsin-Han Lee, Huei-Mien Ke, Jen-Pan Huang, Mei-Yeh Jade Lu, Chia-Lun Hsieh, Kuo-Fang Chung, Gianni Liti, Isheng Jason Tsai
Summary: Taiwan is known as one of the birthplaces of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and exhibits high genetic diversity. This study reveals that S. cerevisiae is ubiquitously distributed in the forests of Taiwan at low abundance. Through whole-genome sequencing, researchers identified nine distinct lineages, three of which are endemic to Taiwan and six are widespread in Asia. This research highlights the rich natural diversity of S. cerevisiae and its potential as a powerful model system in microbial ecology.
Article
Plant Sciences
Peipei Wang, Fanrui Meng, Paityn Donaldson, Sarah Horan, Nicholas L. Panchy, Elyse Vischulis, Eamon Winship, Jeffrey K. Conner, Patrick J. Krysan, Shin-Han Shiu, Melissa D. Lehti-Shiu
Summary: This study measured fitness traits in Arabidopsis using image segmentation and object detection methods, and found fitness effects for certain genes. The object detection-based algorithm yielded more accurate results compared to the segmentation-based method, providing near-perfect seed counts and highly accurate fruit counts.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jerome P. Panibe, Long Wang, Yi-Chen Lee, Chang-Sheng Wang, Wen-Hsiung Li
Summary: This study identified and characterized genes related to semidwarf traits, blast disease resistance, and drought tolerance in Taichung Native 1 (TN1) rice cultivar. The findings corrected errors in previous literature and provided new insights into TN1's potential for breeding new rice cultivars.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chi-Chih Wu, Kun-Ting Hsieh, Su-Ying Yeh, Yen-Ting Lu, Liang-Jwu Chen, Maurice S. B. Ku, Wen-Hsiung Li
Summary: This article describes a new method for simultaneous detection of miRNA and mRNA in specific tissues. The method has a high signal-noise ratio and resolution, and can be applied at the single-cell level. Our method allows quantitative detection of miRNA and mRNA expression levels, and can be used for studying plant tissue development.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen-Yu Liu, Chun-Ping Yu, Chao-Kang Chang, Hsiang-June Chen, Meng-Yun Li, Yi-Hua Chen, Shin-Han Shiu, Maurice S. B. Ku, Shih-Long Tu, Mei-Yeh Jade Lu, Wen-Hsiung Li
Summary: The superior photosynthetic efficiency of C-4 leaves over C-3 leaves is due to their unique Kranz anatomy. This study identified the regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms of Kranz anatomy development in maize leaves. The researchers analyzed transcriptomic data and identified transcription factors and auxin transporter genes that are involved in early Kranz development. They constructed a gene regulatory network and provided insights into the regulation of early leaf development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun Sun Lee, Shin-Han Shiu, Erich Grotewold
Summary: The association of bHLH and ACT-like domains is unique to the plantae kingdom, suggesting a common origin. The ACT-like domains mediate homodimer formation and negatively affect DNA binding of the associated bHLH domains. The evolution of the ACT-like domains is constrained by the bHLH domains.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ho-Wei Wu, Erickson Fajiculay, Jing-Fen Wu, Ching-Cher Sanders Yan, Chao-Ping Hsu, Shu-Hsing Wu
Summary: Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) are commonly found in eukaryotic messenger RNAs and can achieve low but precise protein production by repressing the translation efficiency of downstream coding sequences. These uORFs can buffer protein production levels in the plant circadian clock, contributing to its robust operation.