Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Pratiksha Awasthi, Shib Shankar Banerjee
Summary: This review article summarizes the latest advancements in FDM 3D printing of thermoplastic elastomeric materials, focusing on the development of FDM compatible new materials and improving printability. Strategies to overcome defects in 3D printed TPE parts and enhance mechanical properties are provided, along with discussion on future prospects in this rapidly progressing field.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Ziyad Aloqalaa
Summary: FDM technology is widely used in 3D printing and the development of conductive filaments shows promising prospects. This paper compares currently available conductive filaments by measuring their resistance value and defects, as well as reviews articles on medical applications of conductive FDM filaments for future medical researchers.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xiaodan Huo, Bin Zhang, Qianglong Han, Yong Huang, Jun Yin
Summary: A dual-temperature control method is proposed to improve the printability of three-dimensional (3D) printing. By using dual-temperature control, the width of the deposited poly(epsilon-caprolactone) filament is reduced to 50 μm. Both experimental and numerical simulation results indicate that the dual-temperature control fused deposition modeling (FDM) has promising applications in tissue engineering.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ge Gao, Fan Xu, Jiangmin Xu, Zhenyu Liu
Summary: This study evaluates the influence of material color on mechanical properties of FDM parts, showing significant differences in strengths for different colors of filaments. A predicted approach for evaluating mixed color strengths is proposed, demonstrating effectiveness with fitting errors within 5%. The research contributes to improving FDM printed products by providing detailed analysis and prediction methods based on material color.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Xiaohui Song, Wei He, Peiqi Chen, Qingsong Wei, Jingxian Wen, Guorui Xiao
Summary: This paper investigates the preparation of PLA/ASP composite filaments, determines the optimal material ratios and chemical treatment conditions, enhances the thermal and mechanical properties of the composites, and ultimately manufactures lightweight parts with internal pores. The results demonstrate the potential of PLA/ASP composites in producing lighter-weight parts with internal pores through FDM.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Ruoxiang Gao, Jun Xie, Jinghui Yang, Chaojie Zhuo, Jianzhong Fu, Peng Zhao
Summary: By conducting single factor experiments, the impact of raster angle and infill density on PEEK parts was determined, while orthogonal experiments were used to analyze the effects of printing speed, nozzle temperature, and other parameters. Through optimization, significant reductions in warpage deformation and improvements in tensile strength were achieved, supporting the development of FDM for PEEK.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Ning Yu, Xiaoyong Sun, Zhi Wang, Daijun Zhang, Jing Li
Summary: This research aims to enhance the mechanical properties and reduce the mechanical anisotropy of FDM parts through an innovative auxiliary heating treatment.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Fateme Sarraf, Edoardo Abbatinali, Lovro Gorjan, Tutu Sebastian, Paolo Colombo, Sergey Churakov, Frank Clemens
Summary: By optimizing the recipe and using MgO sintering additive, the density of mullite ceramic can be achieved while reducing the impact of printing direction on mechanical strength. The study found that the closed porosity formed during the degassing of preceramic polymer contributes to the low Weibull modulus observed.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xueling Hu, Alix Marcelle Sansi Seukep, Velmurugan Senthooran, Lixin Wu, Lei Wang, Chen Zhang, Jianlei Wang
Summary: Polymer-based dielectric composites are important in advanced electronic industries and energy storage due to their high dielectric constant and other favorable properties. However, the porosity in FDM 3D-printed materials and the difficulty of large-scale fabrication limit their applications. This study focuses on the influence of various factors on the electrical properties of FDM-printed polymer-based dielectric composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Aida Haryati Jamadi, Nadlene Razali, Michal Petru, Mastura Mohammad Taha, Noryani Muhammad, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
Summary: The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of alkaline and silane treatments in improving the interface bonding of natural fibre-polymer matrix composites. Through mechanical testing, Scanning Electron Micrograph and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry, it was shown that 1.0% silane treatment exhibited better strength performance compared to other composites, suggesting potential high performance of kenaf fibre composites in industrial applications.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yue Qin, Qiankun Wang, Dongsheng Xu, Jiaming Yan, Shanshan Zhang
Summary: A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor with three-dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM) approach is proposed for effective stress measurement in soil mass. The proposed transducer has advantages of small size, high sensitivity, low cost, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and rapid prototyping. The performance of the proposed transducer was verified through experiments and numerical analysis, indicating its great potential for practical applications.
JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Daniel B. Perez, Emrah Celik, Ryan L. Karkkainen
Summary: Fused deposition modeling polymer 3D printing is popular, but mechanical properties are limited due to layer-by-layer deposition. The interface strength of 3D-printed PLA was determined through physical testing and simulations, with potential improvements identified by parameterizing gap morphologies.
3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mojtaba Zeraatkar, Marco Donato de Tullio, Alessio Pricci, Francesco Pignatelli, Gianluca Percoco
Summary: This study introduces an alternative construction for microfluidic micromixers using the effect of extruded filaments in FDM technique. Experimental and numerical studies showed that the geometrical features on microchannels can act as ridges and enhance chaotic mixing through transverse movement of fluids. Compared to other methods, FDM offers a simpler fabrication process with inherent properties that enhance mixing processes.
RAPID PROTOTYPING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Sasa Gao, Ruijuan Liu, Hua Xin, Haitao Liang, Yunfei Wang, Junhong Jia
Summary: The surface characteristics, microstructure, and mechanical properties of FDM prepared PEEK were systematically studied. FDM fabricated PEEK acts more like a laminate rather than a unified structure. Its main failure mechanism is correlated to internal voids.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Kelsey L. Snapp, Aldair E. Gongora, Keith A. Brown
Summary: This study validates a novel testing method for evaluating bed adhesion and investigates the effect of bed temperature on peak removal force for 3D printed parts. The results suggest that heating the bed after printing is often more efficient for part removal than cooling, contrary to conventional practices.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Li, Caitlyn M. Clarkson, Lu Wang, Yu Liu, Meghan Lamm, Zhenqian Pang, Yubing Zhou, Ji Qian, Mehdi Tajvidi, Douglas J. Gardner, Halil Tekinalp, Liangbing Hu, Teng Li, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Jeffrey P. Youngblood, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: Cellulose nanofibers form hierarchical structures and the alignment of these fibers significantly influences the performance of materials. Reviews on cellulose nanofibers alignment are limited, but offer opportunities for future research and development.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meghan E. Lamm, Kai Li, Ji Qian, Lu Wang, Nathalie Lavoine, Reagan Newman, Douglas J. Gardner, Teng Li, Liangbing Hu, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Halil Tekinalp, Vlastimil Kunc, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: The use of cellulose nanofibers in templating shows great promise in controlling the final properties of advanced functional materials, including mechanical strength, porosity, and others.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Jinwu Wang, Lu Wang, Douglas J. Gardner, Stephen M. Shaler, Zhiyong Cai
Summary: The paper discusses the importance of developing a bioeconomy, the potential of using cellulose to replace petroleum-based products, and the competitive relationship between cellulose materials and synthetic materials.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Xianhui Zhao, Katie Copenhaver, Lu Wang, Matthew Korey, Douglas J. Gardner, Kai Li, Meghan E. Lamm, Vidya Kishore, Samarthya Bhagia, Mehdi Tajvidi, Halil Tekinalp, Oluwafemi Oyedeji, Sanjita Wasti, Erin Webb, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Hongli Zhu, William H. Peter, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have sustainable nature, face challenges in recycling and degradation of material properties, but mitigation approaches such as adding functional additives and virgin plastics can help overcome these challenges. Future applications in additive manufacturing and automotive parts are also discussed.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Katie Copenhaver, Kai Li, Meghan E. Lamm, Colleen Walker, Donna Johnson, Yousoo Han, Lu Wang, Xianhui Zhao, Yunqiao Pu, Holly Hinton, Halil Tekinalp, Samarthya Bhagia, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Douglas J. Gardner, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: Recycled cardboard, known as old corrugated cardboard (OCC), has been investigated as an alternative source of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) in this study, showing promising results for its low cost, low energy consumption, and enhanced reinforcement capabilities in polymer matrices. Pairing with biobased poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), OCC-derived CNF proves to be an attractive option for sustainable, high performance nanocomposites.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Rafa Tasnim, Lily Calderwood, Brogan Tooley, Lu Wang, Yong-Jiang Zhang
Summary: This study examined the effects of different fertilizers on wild lowbush blueberry and found that foliar fertilizers might benefit plant growth but have limited impact on yield. Moreover, the study revealed that the physiological traits of wild blueberries in the vegetative year are more closely related to crop yield.
Review
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Katie Copenhaver, Kai Li, Lu Wang, Meghan Lamm, Xianhui Zhao, Matthew Korey, David Neivandt, Brandon Dixon, Sabrina Sultana, Peter Kelly, William M. Gramlich, Halil Tekinalp, Douglas J. Gardner, Susan MacKay, Kashif Nawaz, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: Cellulose nanofibrils have gained research interest due to their low cost and abundance. Researchers have investigated various biomass pretreatments to reduce energy requirements, improve fibrillation effectiveness, and add functionality to the resulting nanofibrils.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cong Chen, Wenjing Sun, Lu Wang, Mehdi Tajvidi, Jinwu Wang, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: This study modified sustainable nanocrystalline cellulose material and successfully produced multifunctional CNC films. These films have good oxygen permeation resistance, high UV absorption properties, water resistance, and oil/grease resistance, making them suitable for transparent food packaging.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Griffin Miller, Lu Wang, Douglas Gardner, Richard A. Venditti, Sunkyu Park
Summary: Acetylation was explored as a technique to improve compatibility between cellulose fibers and a poly(lactic acid)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) polymer matrix. Different degrees of acetylation were tested, and the fibers were added in various weight loadings. The results showed no improvement in tensile strength, but an increase in modulus for non-acetylated and fully acetylated fibers. Modified fibers also increased the strain at break at low loadings. Acetylated cellulose acted as a nucleation retardant, while unmodified cellulose fibers acted as a nucleating agent. The study emphasized the importance of fiber size, dispersion, and fiber-polymer interactions for final properties. Acetylated fiber reinforcement showed potential for enhancing strain and compatibility of composites, especially in applications like 3D printing.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
J. Elliott Sanders, Lu Wang, Gabriella Brinkley, Douglas J. J. Gardner
Summary: This research introduces the use of electrospray drying to produce dry nano-scale cellulose nanocrystal powder from a water suspension. The electrospray drying mechanism utilizes coulomb repulsion to produce ultra-fine droplets which dehydrate into nano-scale powder. The recovered nano-scale powder CNCs showed improved properties when added to poly-lactic acid (PLA) composite.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
R. M. Oshani Nayanathara, Weiqi Leng, Senal D. Liyanage, Xiang Wang, Lu Wang, Jinwu Wang, Zhenhua Tian, Charles U. Pittman, Steven R. Gwaltney, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: The inherent hydrophilicity of lignocellulosic materials can be transformed into hydrophobicity by metal-ion-modification (MIM) method, using metal ions such as Fe3+ and Zr4+ to coordinate with pulp fibers' polar groups. This technique enables the production of biodegradable hydrophobic paper and tableware without the need for hydrophobic sizing chemicals. The MIM technique is stable and can be integrated into the existing paper-making process for scalable production of sustainable and biodegradable plastic alternatives.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xianhui Zhao, Samarthya Bhagia, Diego Gomez-Maldonado, Xiaomin Tang, Sanjita Wasti, Shun Lu, Shuyang Zhang, Mahesh Parit, Mitchell L. Rencheck, Matthew Korey, Huixin Jiang, Jiadeng Zhu, Xianzhi Meng, Meghan E. Lamm, Katie Copenhaver, Maria S. Peresin, Lu Wang, Halil Tekinalp, Guang Yang, Vipin Kumar, Gang Chen, Kashif Nawaz, X. Chelsea Chen, Uday Vaidya, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Erin Webb, Douglas J. Gardner, Ping He, Ximin He, Kai Li, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: This article reviews the recent development and applications of bioinspired nanocellulose-based materials, summarizes their functions and applications, discusses bioinspired design templates, strategies, advantages and challenges, and explores the mechanisms and processes of biomimetic design. Finally, future research directions and opportunities of bioinspired nanocellulose-based materials are highlighted.
Review
Polymer Science
Mehmet Ozgur Seydibeyoglu, Alperen Dogru, Jinwu Wang, Mitch Rencheck, Yousoo Han, Lu Wang, Elif Alyamac Seydibeyoglu, Xianhui Zhao, Kimberly Ong, Jo Anne Shatkin, Siamak Shams Es-haghi, Sunil Bhandari, Soydan Ozcan, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: The use of composite materials in various applications has led to many innovations, including the development of hybrid fibers, sustainable materials, and nanocellulose as reinforcement. This review extensively discusses the applications of hybrid fiber reinforcement, nanocellulose, nanocellulose in hybrid forms, nanocellulose with other nanomaterials, as well as the challenges and opportunities associated with their use, including safety issues. The review highlights the potential of using nano- and micron-sized materials together to create value-added products at an industrial scale, and also explores the novel solutions that hybrid structures consisting of two different nano-materials can offer in electronics and sensors applications.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Wang, Peter V. Kelly, Nihan Ozveren, Xuefeng Zhang, Matthew Korey, Cong Chen, Kai Li, Sunil Bhandari, Halil Tekinalp, Xianhui Zhao, Jinwu Wang, M. Ozgur Seydibeyoglu, Elif Alyamac-Seydibeyoglu, William M. Gramlich, Mehdi Tajvidi, Erin Webb, Soydan Ozcan, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: This review paper explores the multi-functional applications of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) in polymer coatings and adhesives. CNMs can enhance mechanical performance, gas barrier properties, flame resistance, corrosion resistance, self-healing, optical regulation, self-cleaning/antifouling, and antimicrobial characteristics of polymer coatings. The addition of CNMs to polymer adhesives offers benefits such as mechanical enhancement, curing promotion, volatile organic compound (VOC) suppression, and electrical conductivity. The paper aims to promote the research and commercial use of CNMs in green and sustainable polymer composite coating and adhesive formulations.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rafa Tasnim, Lu Wang, Mahesh Parit, Yong-Jiang Zhang
Summary: Nanocellulose has the potential to be used as an adjuvant with foliar-applied pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. However, the mechanism of how nanocellulose interacts with leaves is still unclear. This study found that the addition of nanocellulose affected the surface properties and water loss of one blueberry species, but not another. It also assisted the dispersion of foliar fertilizers on the leaf surface, potentially resulting in higher fruit yield.
ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanzhang Jiang, Xuyi Wang, Yanting Han, Dakai Gong, Yingchun Gu, Lin Tan
Summary: In this study, FeCl3 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were doped into waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) to create multifunctional materials with self-healing and antimicrobial properties. WPU/Fe/PAA-5.5, containing 5.5 wt % PAA, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, strong self-healing capabilities, and an impressive antimicrobial rate of over 90%. These supramolecular films were also highly recyclable through hot-pressing.
Article
Polymer Science
Longyu Tian, Min Wang, Guangming Liao, Baoliang Liu, Sujuan Zhang, Yucheng Sun, Zhen Meng, Jintao Zhang, Zaijun Lu
Summary: Two kinds of benzoxazine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare polybenzoxazine anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with quaternary ammonium functionalization. The LQPBZ AEM exhibited better ion conductivity and alkaline stability.
Article
Polymer Science
Claire A. Lemarchand
Summary: This study investigates the shock behavior of three different polymers through molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal specificities in the shock behavior of polymers, including deviations from the linear relation between shock velocity and particle velocity, as well as differences in shear stress relaxation behind the shock front. It is found that the deviation of the Hugoniot locus is related to the change in the relative contribution of bonding and non-bonding potential energies, while polymers with higher glass transition temperatures exhibit slower shear stress relaxation.
Article
Polymer Science
Zengquan Liu, Xiaochun Yin, He Zhang, Shuo Gao, Qinglin Kuang, Yanhong Feng
Summary: A powder solid-state extension (PSSE) technology was proposed to address the high melt viscosity issue of UHMWPE. By uniaxial extension and sintering in the solid state, a highly self-reinforced material was prepared. X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques were used to study the structural evolution during the PSSE process, and a solid-phase induced transformation model was established.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhike Li, Anyu Luo, Rui Zhou, Xin Li, Haiyan Li
Summary: A novel high temperature resistance IL@SiO2 nanocapsules were successfully prepared and their friction and wear properties in PA6 composites were studied. The addition of IL@SiO2 nanocapsules reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate without affecting the mechanical properties of PA6. The synergy between the IL core and SiO2 wall in the nanocapsules improved the self-lubricating performance of the PA6 composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xin Liu, Xuhong Guo, Qi Liao
Summary: In this study, an algorithm for accurately estimating viscosity is developed using molecular dynamics simulations and the Green-Kubo formula. This algorithm can be applied to complex systems with long correlations, such as macromolecular and biological simulation systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Pu, Yun-Lei Hou, Jing -Zhou Chen, Dong -Lin Zhao
Summary: The use of modified graphene improves the interfacial adherence of carbon fibers to epoxy resin, resulting in enhanced interfacial and bending properties of CF and matrix in CF/EP composites, as well as increased interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Wei-Chung Ke, Jin-Wei Lin, Manohar Reddy Busireddy, Yueh-Hsing Lee, Jiun-Tai Chen, Chain-Shu Hsu
Summary: This study introduces a crosslinkable monomer, TAIC, to synthesize three crosslinked polyimide films, which exhibit improved thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties. The introduction of TAIC enhances the tensile strength, reduces the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polyimide films.
Article
Polymer Science
Alex Kwasi Kumi, Ruiling Fan, Ye Chen, Yumei Zhang
Summary: The difference in leaching of amylopectin from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) blends during regeneration in water and aqueous ethanol has been studied. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the dissolution and regeneration mechanisms of amylopectin in [Bmim][Cl] are similar to cellulose in ionic liquids. Water regeneration leads to weak electrostatic interactions, resulting in high leaching of amylopectin. In contrast, ethanol-water interactions enhance electrostatic interactions among amylopectin chains, limiting amylopectin leaching in aqueous ethanol.
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zeng, Junwei Zhou, Junbiao Peng, Chunsheng Zhang, Danling Wang, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng
Summary: This study utilizes an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on polyethylene glycol to regulate the vulcanization kinetics of rubber. The results show that the DES can accelerate vulcanization at low temperatures without affecting the crosslinking density and Mullins effect.
Article
Polymer Science
Qianqian Yue, Yongfei Peng, Xingjian Liu, Aihua He, Huarong Nie
Summary: The addition of metal deactivators can effectively suppress the aging of TBIR, prolong its lifespan, and have no negative effects on its physical and processing properties. These research findings are of great importance for improving the stability and aging resistance of polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
J. Gomez-Caturla, J. Ivorra-Martinez, R. Tejada-Oliveros, V Moreno, D. Garcia-Garcia, R. Balart
Summary: This work focuses on the development of environmentally friendly PLA formulations by using different esters derived from geraniol as plasticizers. The results show that these esters have good compatibility with PLA, and they can effectively enhance the elongation and plasticity of PLA, reduce its glass transition temperature, and slightly improve its water absorption capabilities.
Article
Polymer Science
Dandan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Zhao Ke, Ke Xu, Fengna Dai, Youhai Yu, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen
Summary: In this study, cross-linked PI aerogel membranes with low dielectric constant and high moisture resistance were prepared by co-polymerization and scraping coating technology. The incorporation of fluorinated blocks and benzimidazole ring structures resulted in novel PI aerogel membranes with fascinating dielectric properties and outstanding moisture resistance.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyang Chu, Qing Zhang, Haihua Luo, Han Zhou, Fapei Zhang, Wei Chen, Wenhua Zhang
Summary: Multi-physical fields solution processing strategy is a universal and facile method for preparing various conjugated polymer films and high-performance devices. In this study, we employed a combined microfluidic flow and ultrasonication strategy (FU) for processing CP solutions, and found a pronounced synergetic effect in promoting the pre-ordering of chains in solution. The conformation order and anisotropy of the solution were revealed through various characterizations. A non-classical nucleation model for polymer crystallization in non-equilibrium solution processing was confirmed. The roles of microfluidic flow and ultrasonication in chain aggregation and crystallization were addressed through multi-physical simulations. Compared to pristine solutions, the FU strategy showed improved solution anisotropy and crystallization kinetics, resulting in higher crystallinity in films and increased mobilities in OFET devices. The FU processing strategy provides a universal approach for regulating chain conformation and aggregation in conjugated polymer solutions.
