Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Isil Basaran Oz, Kazuharu Bamba
Summary: This paper investigates the f(R) theory in static cylindrically symmetric and plane-symmetric spacetimes. Solutions to the field equations of these models are found using the Noether symmetry method, leading to the discovery of new solutions. Additionally, the GR limit for each case is examined.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
V. A. Sokolov
Summary: This article discusses the extension of the Melvin solution to geons in some models of non-linear electrodynamics, particularly for the conformally invariant model (CNED) whose Lagrangian depends on the second and fourth order invariants of the electromagnetic field tensor.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Shuijin Zhang, Minbo Yang
Summary: This paper considers a curl-curl equation with nonlocal nonlinearity involving Riesz potential, and obtains a solution using specific assumptions and methods.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. Bhattacharjee, P. K. Chattopadhyay
Summary: In this paper, the concept of gravitational Bose-Einstein condensate star (gravastar) has been extended to a charged gravastar system, examining the role of charge in gravastar formation and its properties. The most general line element in cylindrically symmetric space-time is used, removing the singularity at the center of gravastar and replacing the event horizon with a thin shell approximation. The proper length and energy of the thin shell in the presence of charge are calculated. The entropy calculation indicates that the entropy of the configuration is smaller than that of a quasi-black hole system and even smaller than that of a classical black hole. Unlike a black hole, the gravastar system is a stable configuration with no information paradox in this approach.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tiago de Faria Pinto, Jan Mathijssen, Randy Meijer, Hao Zhang, Alex Bayerle, Dmitry Kurilovich, Oscar O. Versolato, Kjeld S. E. Eikema, Stefan Witte
Summary: This study investigated the expansion dynamics of liquid tin micro-droplets irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses, exploring the effects of laser pulse parameters on ablation, cavitation, and spallation dynamics. A good qualitative agreement was obtained between experimental data and simulations of droplet deformation dynamics.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Sjoerd W. Rienstra
Summary: This article derives a class of analytically exact solutions for the two-dimensional wave equation. These solutions, caused by a point source, can be described by similarity solutions in the variable C(0)t/r. The linearity property allows modeling of finite duration sources. Graphical examples are provided to illustrate the variations of the solutions in different time and spatial locations.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lukasz Bratek, Joanna Jalocha, Marek Kutschera
Summary: This study investigates the radial steady-state accretion of polytropic matter under cylindrical symmetry in the Levi-Civita background metric. It presents a cylindrical analog of Bondi accretion in a strong gravitational field. The study addresses the issue of defining the line mass density and discusses the role of metric free parameters using physical observables. The form of radial accretion equations is independent of the structure of the interior solution, allowing the analysis to be limited to a special Wilson form of the Levi-Civita metric describing a structureless homogeneous string.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Geng, Jan P. F. Lagerwall
Summary: Cylindrically symmetric cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (CLCE) fibers templated by tubular confinement display mechanochromic, thermochromic, and thermomechanical responses. The synthesis inside a sacrificial tube secures radial orientation of the cholesteric helix, and the ground state retroreflection wavelength is easily tuned throughout the visible spectrum or into the near-infrared by varying the concentration of a chiral dopant. The fibers show continuous, repeatable, and quantitatively predictable mechanochromic response, reaching a blue shift of more than -220 nm for 180% elongation.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Adnan Malik, Ayesha Nafees, Akram Ali, Muhammad Naeem Butt
Summary: This article investigates cylindrically symmetric solutions in the modified theory of gravity named f (R, phi, X), where the solutions are discussed in realistic regions and the violation of null energy conditions suggests the existence of cylindrical wormholes.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Yu Liang, Lili Liu, Xisheng Luo, Chih-Yung Wen
Summary: In this study, shock-tube experiments were conducted to investigate the convergent Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability of a multimode interface. The research focused on the hydrodynamic instabilities, including the RM instability and the additional Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) effect, imposed by the convergent shock wave on the dual-mode interface. The mode-coupling effect on the convergent RM instability coupled with the RT effect was quantified, and it was found that the amplitude growths of all first-order modes and second-order harmonics were influenced by mode-coupling from the beginning.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bijan Saha
Summary: This paper studies the behavior of a nonlinear spinor field dependent on both time and radial coordinates within a static cylindrically symmetric space-time. It is revealed that the presence of nontrivial non-diagonal components of the energy-momentum tensor imposes restrictions on the metric functions and the spinor field. Comparatively, the case becomes more complicated than the one with time-independent spinor field.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Duc-Chinh Pham, Bao-Viet Tran, Hoang-Quan Nguyen
Summary: This study explores differential substitution and coating schemes for constructing explicit expressions or determining initial-valued ordinary differential equations in the field of effective elastic cylindrically-symmetric fiber composite problems. It presents numerical comparisons between model predictions and finite element simulations, showcasing the effectiveness and accuracy of the anisotropic-coating cylinder model.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maryam Khalid Albuhayr, Ashfaque H. Bokhari, Tahir Hussain
Summary: In this paper, an algebraic approach is used to classify cylindrically symmetric static spacetimes based on their killing vector fields. The approach involves using a maple algorithm to simplify the Killing's equations and integrating them subject to the algorithm's constraints. The results show that this approach yields additional spacetime metrics not obtained by direct integration. The physical implications of these metrics are discussed by applying them to the Einstein equations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
K. C. Nicolaou, Saiyong Pan, Yogesh Shelke, Qiuji Ye, Dipendu Das, Stephan Rigol
Summary: This study reveals a new synthetic strategy for the total synthesis of norhalichondrin B using a highly convergent approach and a reverse approach for the synthesis of cyclic ether structural motifs. The reported total synthesis was achieved by synthesizing two almost equally complex fragments, with an essential epimerization of the C16 stereocenter occurring concurrently with a simple acid-induced deprotection. This unprecedented strategy within the halichondrin family could have practical applications for synthesizing other natural or designed analogues.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Huseyin Aydin, Melis Ulu Dogru
Summary: This paper examines the massless scalar field using unimodular f(R) theory, solving field equations for a given spacetime with additional Bianchi identities and obtaining cylindrically symmetric black hole spacetimes. The analysis includes deriving equations of motion, depicting massless test particle orbits, and obtaining weak and strong energy conditions for the scalar field. Additionally, the stiff fluid interpretation of the scalar field is reviewed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMETRIC METHODS IN MODERN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. M. Miller, S. A. Slutz, S. N. Bland, S. R. Klein, P. C. Campbell, J. M. Woolstrum, C. C. Kuranz, M. R. Gomez, N. M. Jordan, R. D. McBride
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
D. Yanuka, S. Theocharous, J. P. Chittenden, S. N. Bland
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. Yan, S. Parker, T. Gheorghiu, N. Schwartz, S. Theocharous, S. N. Bland
Summary: This paper presents the design and testing of spiral generators aimed at triggering high current switches in the next generation of pulsed power devices, utilizing new ultrafast thyristor technology and output gap design for improved efficiency. The generator achieved 50 kV voltage from a 3.6 kV charging voltage, with a short rise time and demonstrated remarkable repeatability and stability in a compact package.
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiaqi Yan, Susan Parker, Simon Bland
Summary: This article presents a method of generating high-voltage nanosecond pulses using a spiral generator with a solid-state thyristor-based input switch. By using thyristors, the spiral generator has low jitter, high repetition rate, and long lifetime. Experimental results verify the accuracy of the model and show the impact of different geometries on the output characteristics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
D. Maler, S. Efimov, A. Rososhek, S. N. Bland, Ya. E. Krasik
Summary: Underwater electrical explosion experiments demonstrate the generation of fast water jets from cylindrical or conical wire arrays. The velocity of the ejected jet is found to depend on the array geometry and the thickness of the water layer above the array. Results suggest that a significant portion of the energy deposited into the array is transferred to the kinetic energy of the jet and waterflow.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
I. N. Tilikin, T. A. Shelkovenko, S. A. Pikuz, S. N. Bland
Summary: This paper demonstrates the possibility of using a new configuration of the hybrid X-pinch to produce a set of spatially and temporarily separate x-ray bursts that could be used for the radiography of dynamic events. By using a longer wire with small spacers, each subsection of the wire acts as a unique X-pinch, producing its own radiation burst with high resolution imaging capabilities.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jack W. D. Halliday, Simon N. Bland, Jack. D. Hare, Susan Parker, Lee G. Suttle, Danny R. Russell, Sergey V. Lebedev
Summary: A diagnostic tool capable of recording spatially and temporally resolved x-ray self-emission data was developed for experiments on the MAGPIE pulsed-power generator. The tool utilized two separate imaging systems to establish a picture of the spatial and temporal distribution of x-ray self-emission, allowing for cross-comparison of different images. This design was tested in a series of pulsed-power-driven magnetic-reconnection experiments.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jack W. D. Halliday, Aidan Crilly, Jeremy Chittenden, Roberto C. Mancini, Stefano Merlini, Steven Rose, Danny R. Russell, Lee G. Suttle, Vicente Valenzuela-Villaseca, Simon N. Bland, Sergey V. Lebedev
Summary: We present first results from an experimental platform that can access physics relevant to various topics including fusion, laser energy deposition, atomic physics, and laboratory astrophysics. The platform uses X-rays to irradiate a silicon target, producing an outflow of ablated plasma that interacts with strong magnetic fields.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
D. Maler, S. Efimov, M. Liverts, S. Theocharous, J. Strucka, Y. Yao, W. Proud, A. Rack, B. Lukic, S. N. Bland, Ya. E. Krasik
Summary: This study presents the research on underwater electrical explosion and the generation of a planar shock in planar copper wire arrays using synchrotron-based phase-contrast radiography imaging. The results show that the interaction between a strong shock and an air-water interface accelerates the expansion of the wire and leads to the emergence of micro-jets. When a target is placed above the array, a cavity forms between the array and the target due to the interaction of two rarefaction waves. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations confirm the good agreement between the experimental and simulated results.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ivan Lavrinovich, Anton I. Gusev, Simon Bland, Antoine Silvestre de Ferron, Laurent Pecastaing, Susan Parker, Jiaqi Yan, Bucur M. Novac
Summary: This study presents a bespoke and cost-effective trigger generator that utilizes impact-ionization wave triggering to significantly increase the current and rise time of a thyristor. The experiments demonstrate that the generator can achieve an order of magnitude increase in both current and dI/dt. This work paves the way for the development of powerful yet compact solid-state trigger generators and larger pulsers for various pulsed power applications.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
J. Strucka, B. Lukic, M. Koerner, J. W. D. Halliday, Y. Yao, K. Mughal, D. Maler, S. Efimov, J. Skidmore, A. Rack, Y. Krasik, J. Chittenden, S. N. Bland
Summary: We propose a new technique for investigating hydrodynamic phenomena driven by shocks in gases, liquids, and solids. This technique involves the use of pulsed power-driven resistive wire arrays and multi-MHz synchrotron radiography, offering advantages such as flexible shockwave geometry, high-pressure generation, single-experiment data acquisition, and compression ratio estimation. The technique also allows for high-resolution volumetric characterization using synchrotron-based microtomography. A Richtmyer-Meshkov instability experiment is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique, showing consistent results with theoretical predictions and observing additional effects unique to liquids and solids.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
R. Datta, J. Angel, J. B. Greenly, S. N. Bland, J. P. Chittenden, E. S. Lavine, W. M. Potter, D. Robinson, T. W. O. Varnish, E. Wong, D. A. Hammer, B. R. Kusse, J. D. Hare
Summary: In this study, the plasma flows generated during the ablation stage of an over-massed exploding planar wire array were characterized using laser plasma interferometry and time-gated extreme-ultraviolet imaging. The results were compared with three-dimensional resistive-magnetohydrodynamic simulations, showing a reasonably good agreement between the experimental and simulated dynamics.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
David Bailie, Steven White, Rachael Irwin, Cormac Hyland, Richard Warwick, Brendan Kettle, Nicole Breslin, Simon N. Bland, David J. Chapman, Stuart P. D. Mangles, Rory A. Baggot, Eleanor R. Tubman, David Riley
Summary: In this study, we conducted experiments and simulations to measure the red shifts of the chlorinated parylene samples' Cl K-absorption edge. By comparing the experimental and simulated data, we obtained accurate temperature and density parameters.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Anton I. Gusev, Ivan Lavrinovich, Simon Bland, Antoine Silvestre de Ferron, Laurent Pecastaing, Susan Parker, Jiaqi Yan, Bucur M. Novac
Summary: Semiconductor opening switch (SOS) diodes have the ability to switch high density currents and withstand nanosecond pulses. This study proposes a novel approach to pumping SOS diodes using a spiral generator (SG) that produces a bipolar current discharge. The experiments show that this method is effective on large-area SOS diodes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
J. Strucka, J. W. D. Halliday, T. Gheorghiu, H. Horton, B. Krawczyk, P. Moloney, S. Parker, G. Rowland, N. Schwartz, S. Stanislaus, S. Theocharous, C. Wilson, Z. Zhao, T. A. Shelkovenko, S. A. Pikuz, S. N. Bland
Summary: This study describes the design and x-ray emission properties of the portable X-pinch driver Dry Pinch I developed at Imperial College London. The device reliably produces 1.1 ± 0.3 ns long x-ray bursts with photon energies ranging from 1 to 10 keV. It is suitable for use as an external driver for x-ray diagnostics in high-energy-density physics experiments.
MATTER AND RADIATION AT EXTREMES
(2022)