Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katie O'Rourke, Beatrice Engelmann, Rolf Altenburger, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Konstantinos Grintzalis
Summary: Pharmaceutical compounds, along with pesticides, heavy metals, and personal care products, are emerging contaminants that pose a major concern for aquatic ecosystems. The presence of pharmaceuticals can affect both freshwater organisms and human health through non-target effects and contamination of drinking water sources. This study explored the molecular and phenotypic alterations of commonly found pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments in daphnids, finding changes in enzyme activities and metabolic perturbations. Chronic exposure to low concentrations of pharmaceuticals resulted in significant alterations in metabolic and physiological endpoints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marta Herrero-Villar, Mark A. Taggart, Rafael Mateo
Summary: Veterinary drugs pose a potential threat to environmental pollution and avian scavengers due to their consumption of treated livestock carcasses. A study conducted in Aragon (NE Spain) and nearby regions analyzed samples from livestock carcasses, avian scavenger tissues, and plasma for commonly used veterinary pharmaceutical compounds. The study detected pharmaceuticals in livestock carcasses (54.1%), avian scavenger tissues (51.7%), and plasma (28.5%), with antibiotics being the most commonly detected. Caffeine was identified as a potential biomarker for urban garbage ingestion by vultures.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
M. Marano, F. Rossi, L. Rava, M. Khalil Ramla, M. Pisani, G. Bottari, L. Genuini, G. Zampini, J. Nunziata, A. Reale, M. A. Barbieri, F. Celeani, M. Di Nardo, C. Cecchetti, F. Stoppa, A. Villani, M. Raponi, S. Livadiotti, G. Pontrelli
Summary: This study describes the characteristics of xenobiotics exposures in different pediatric age groups, highlighting the impact of both pharmacological and intentional exposure. Furthermore, our study shows the utility of a specific PPCc, either through Phone support or by direct access to ED. PPCc phone counseling could avoid unnecessary access to the ED, a relevant achievement, particularly in the time of a pandemic.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kafilat A. Bawa-Allah, Aideloje O. Ehimiyein
Summary: In this study, the ecotoxicological effects of human and veterinary antibiotics on D. magna were assessed. The results showed that the veterinary fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin was the most toxic to D. magna and posed a moderate risk to the species in surface waters and wastewaters.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seiya Hanamoto, Yuki Minami, Su Su Thet Hnin, Dingwen Yao
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of antibiotics in rivers surrounding pig farms. The results showed severe pollution by antibiotics in rivers adjacent to large Asian pig farms, potentially due to a mismatch between the size of the farms and the capacity of the rivers to receive their effluent. The spatial distribution ranges of veterinary drugs were wider than those of human drugs, mainly due to the fewer number of pig farms, intensive pig farming, and different drug-use patterns among the farms. Therefore, hot-spot pollution of antibiotics on large Asian pig farms adjacent to rivers should be given attention.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Angela Chika Udebuani, Omoniyi Pereao, Michael Ovbare Akharame, Olalekan Siyanbola Fatoki, Beatrice Olutoyin Opeolu
Summary: The transport of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic ecosystem has negative environmental and public health impacts due to the bioactivity of trace antibiotics. This study investigated the presence of three veterinary pharmaceuticals in piggery effluent and assessed the ecological risk on freshwater organisms. The results showed that high doses of piggery effluent and mixtures of veterinary pharmaceuticals pose a high risk to freshwater ecosystems.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Marit S. S. Tweet, Antonia Nemanich, Michael Wahl
Summary: This study evaluates the ingestion of cannabis edible products in children under 6 years old from 2017 to 2021. The results show a consistent increase in pediatric cannabis exposures over the past 5 years, with the potential for significant toxicity. It highlights the importance of education and prevention for healthcare providers.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kim M. Cecil
Summary: Studies using MRI have examined the effects of exposure to heavy metals, air pollution, pesticides, environmental tobacco smoke, and flame retardants on pediatric populations. These studies have found morphological changes, abnormal metabolic concentrations, white matter disorganization, and atypical patterns of activation as a result of these exposures. Some studies track pregnant women and their offspring throughout their lives to collect exposure biomarkers, while others use public databases to obtain relevant biomarkers and monitor developmental features in large imaging cohorts.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gabriele Giuseppe Distefano, Roberta Zangrando, Marco Basso, Lucio Panzarin, Andrea Gambaro, Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini, Marco Picone
Summary: Exposure to pharmaceuticals poses a growing threat to wildlife, with waterbirds showing high concentrations of NSAIDs and SSRIs in their feathers. The prevalence of diclofenac in particular raises concerns due to its documented toxicity towards certain bird species and its widespread use, highlighting the need for further monitoring and regulation in wastewater treatment processes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maribeth C. Lovegrove, Nina J. Weidle, Andrew I. Geller, Jennifer N. Lind, Kathleen O. Rose, Sandra K. Goring, Daniel S. Budnitz
Summary: Emergency department visits and hospitalizations for unsupervised medication exposures among children aged <= 5 years decreased from 2009 to 2020. Efforts to prevent unsupervised medication exposures coincided with the decline. Most visits involved children aged 1-2 years and nearly half involved prescription solid medications. Targeted approaches may be necessary to achieve continued declines in unsupervised medication exposures among young children.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Filip Mercl, Zdenek Kosnar, Petr Marsik, Martin Vojtisek, Jakub Dusek, Jirina Szakova, Pavel Tlustos
Summary: The study found that the application of biosolids as fertilizer had an impact on the transfer of pharmaceuticals to lettuce. Torrefaction and pyrolysis treatment altered the pharmaceutical content in biosolids as well as their translocation ability to plants.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jackie Wright, Bob Symons, Jonathon Angell, Kirstin E. Ross, Stewart Walker
Summary: The study found that methamphetamine can easily move from contaminated materials in a home into the air, providing an exposure pathway and a mechanism for transfer throughout the property. The inhalation exposure pathway has the potential to result in significant intake of methamphetamine, adding to dermal absorption and ingestion exposure routes.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Larpent, Luca Iuzzolino, Jochen Schoell, Lorenzo Codan, Melissa Tan, Justin A. Newman, Alfred Y. Lee
Summary: This study investigates the polymorphism of the ethyl ester starting material of Doravirine and presents a strategy to avoid the new polymorph Form 2 through adjustments in the crystallization process. By understanding the thermodynamic relationship and crystallization mechanisms, the team successfully achieved consistent delivery of Form 1 and avoided the undesired Form 2 with poor filtration performance.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Austin D. Gray, Emily Bernhardt
Summary: Antibiotics are commonly found in freshwater ecosystems receiving wastewater, however, their effect on freshwater microbial communities remains poorly understood. In this study, we exposed microbial communities from unexposed stream sediments to commonly detected antibiotics and found minimal changes in microbially mediated functions in response to the experimental antibiotic dosing.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sue M. Neal, Mike J. Greenberg
Summary: This research aims to evaluate the accessibility of veterinary care in counties across the contiguous United States, filling in a gap in the existing literature. By aggregating the location and number of employees in veterinary clinics, along with projected pet population and household counts, an index of veterinary care accessibility is created.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jason W. Stull, Cydney C. Hoffman, Timothy Landers
JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING
(2018)
Article
Nursing
Nichole L. Hodges, Sarah E. Anderson, Lara B. McKenzie, Mira L. Katz
JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY & WOMENS HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Kristin J. Roberts, Suzanne Tomasi, Jason W. Stull, Lara B. McKenzie, Henry A. Spiller
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rory A. O'Shaughnessy, Gregory G. Habing, Wondwossen A. Gebreyes, Andrew S. Bowman, J. Scott Weese, Joyce Rousseau, Jason W. Stull
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2019)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
G. Langdon, A. E. Hoet, J. W. Stull
JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Noelle D. Hunter, Armando E. Hoet, Joany van Balen, Jason W. Stull
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal prevalence of environmental coagulase-positive Staphylococcus in a new veterinary hospital and found associations between contamination and compliance with cleaning checklists. Results showed that surfaces not included in the cleaning checklist were more likely to be contaminated.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
J. Scott Weese, Jason W. Stull, Michelle Evason, Jinelle Webb, Dennis Ballance, Talon McKee, Philip J. Bergman
Summary: This study evaluated the initial antimicrobial therapy in cats diagnosed with upper or lower bacterial urinary tract infections at veterinary practices in the USA and Canada. Significant differences in antimicrobial drug class prescribing were noted between practice types and countries, and over the 3-year study period. Encouraging trends and opportunities for intervention were identified, emphasizing the importance of antimicrobial stewardship.
JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Madeleine R. Stein, J. Scott Weese, Jason W. Stull, J. Trenton McClure, Michelle Evason
Summary: Based on a survey conducted among North American cat owners, it was found that they prioritize the cost and method of administration when their cats are prescribed antimicrobial drugs. The importance of these drugs for treating infections in people was given lower priority. Additionally, few cat owners recognized the potential risks of antimicrobial use in pets for human antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason W. Stull, Michelle Evason, J. Scott Weese, Jenny Yu, Donald Szlosek, Amanda M. Smith
Summary: There has been an apparent increase in frequency and distribution of canine leptospirosis in Canada over the past decade. However, there has been minimal investigation in this area. The study evaluated clinical canine leptospira PCR test results from a large commercial laboratory to determine the distribution and risk factors for positive test results in Canada. The findings suggest a high incidence of canine leptospirosis regionally within Canada, and identifiable factors such as dog age, sex, breed, and location may assist in targeted prevention efforts.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Amanda M. Smith, Jason W. Stull, George E. Moore
Summary: Canine leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease in many countries. This review examines the potential drivers for increased diagnoses of the disease in the United States and Canada.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lindsay Sullivan, Lara B. McKenzie, Kristin Roberts, Robyn Recker, David C. Schwebel, Thomas Pommering, Jingzhen Yang
Summary: This study designed and developed a VR concussion education app called Make Play Safe (MPS) to improve concussion recognition and reporting intentions among soccer athletes aged 9-12 years. Through a collaborative design process and testing with experts and athletes, it was found that most athletes showed improvements in concussion recognition and reporting intentions. Therefore, VR technology may be an effective tool to equip preteen athletes with the knowledge and skills to recognize and report concussions.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Michelle D. Evason, Madeleine R. Stein, Jason W. Stull
Summary: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and competencies of veterinary students in socioeconomic spectrum of care (SpOC) and assess the impact of a related course on students. The results showed that students were aware of the need for SpOC training and their self-reported competencies improved after the course. Most students predicted better outcomes in SpOC cost-barrier scenarios and expressed preferences for online modules, seminars, and webinars for future training.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Nichole L. Hodges, Sarah E. Anderson, Lara B. McKenzie, Mira L. Katz
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kristin J. Roberts, Erica Fowler, R. Dawn Comstock, Soledad Fernandez, Mahmoud Abdel-Rasoul, Leslie Mihalov, Marcel J. Casavant, Lara B. McKenzie
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION
(2018)
Article
Pediatrics
Kristin J. Roberts, Rebecca J. McAdams, Orie Kristel, Alison M. Szymanski, Lara B. McKenzie
JMIR PEDIATRICS AND PARENTING
(2019)