Article
Sport Sciences
Ahlan B. Lima, Ricardo T. Quinaud, Carlos E. Goncalves, Humberto M. Carvalho
Summary: The present meta-analysis aimed to estimate the growth curves and age at peak height velocity (PHV) in young male athletes. Data from available longitudinal studies were analyzed using multilevel polynomial models. Among the 31 studies included, the average age at PHV for young athletes was 13.1 years. However, there was substantial variation in age estimates by sport, and most studies focused on young European football players.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andre B. Coelho, Fabio Y. Nakamura, Micaela C. Morgado, Francisco Alves, Angela Di Baldassarre, Andrew Flatt, Luis Rama
Summary: This study aimed to develop a predictive explanatory model for the 1,000-m time-trial performance in young national-level kayakers based on biomechanical and physiological parameters. The results showed that maximum aerobic power and corresponding stroke rate were strong predicting factors for performance.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christina Mishica, Heikki Kyrolalnen, Esa Hynynen, Ari NummelaID, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Vesa Linnamo
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability in young endurance athletes during nocturnal sleep and in the morning, and to assess whether changes in these values are associated with changes in submaximal running (SRT) and counter-movement jump (CMJ) performance. The results showed that HR and RMSSD obtained during nocturnal sleep and in the morning did not differ significantly throughout the three-week observation period. This suggests that daily measurement of HR indices during nocturnal sleep could be a potential tool for long-term monitoring of young endurance athletes.
Article
Biology
Jair J. Gaspar-Junior, Rodolfo A. Dellagrana, Fernando S. S. Barbosa, Ana P. Anghinoni, Charles Taciro, Rodrigo L. Carregaro, Paula F. Martinez, Silvio A. Oliveira-Junior
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different temperatures of cold-water immersion (CWI) on neuromuscular activity in the quadriceps after acute fatigue. The results showed that CWI and passive recovery had similar effects on muscle strength and neuromuscular efficiency (NME) recovery, but CWI resulted in faster quadriceps activation recovery.
Review
Physiology
Zsolt Radak, Albert W. Taylor
Summary: Trainability is the adaptive response to exercise loads, which differs across physiological functions. Different organs and functions may adapt to exercise training differently. This paper focuses on the trainability issues related to muscle and cardiovascular system and provides suggestions on improving performance for non-responders.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Colin Clancy, Nigel Gleeson, Tom Mercer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the neuromuscular performance capabilities of early career professional soccer players over an in-season mesocycle and examine the relationship with training workload. The results showed fluctuations in neuromuscular performance capabilities and their association with high-intensity running workload. The findings highlight the importance of acute monitoring for elite soccer players.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susana M. Gil, Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona, Jon Larruskain, Izaro Esain, Jon Irazusta
Summary: The study found that the relative age effect is evident in popular team sports, especially in higher-level competitions participated by both boys and girls. However, the occurrence of RAE in other sports is less likely. Therefore, birth date may not be a limiting factor in participating in most sports.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariusz Dotka, Lukasz A. Malek
Summary: Myocardial infarction in young athletes is rare but can be severe, leading to sudden cardiac death, increased proarrhythmic burden, or heart failure. We present two cases: one involving a 37-year-old amateur athlete who experienced MI twice due to the erosion of an insignificant atherosclerotic plaque caused by increased blood pressure during exercise, and the other describing a 36-year-old semi-professional runner who collapsed at the finish line of a half-marathon and was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Common causes of MI in young athletes include spontaneous coronary artery dissection, chest trauma, abnormalities of the coronary arteries, coronary artery spasm, plaque erosion, hypercoagulability, left ventricular hypertrophy, and anabolic steroids use.
Article
Orthopedics
Matthew P. Ithurburn, Bjorn Barenius, Staci Thomas, Mark Paterno, Laura C. Schmitt
Summary: Functional recovery target values derived from uninjured young athletes were higher than previously reported. Only small proportions of young athletes following recent return-to-sport clearance after ACL reconstruction met these newly-derived functional recovery target values, with factors associated with meeting them including younger age, hamstring autograft and pediatric ACL reconstruction, and having > 90% limb-symmetry index for quadriceps strength and single-leg hop tests.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Feng-Lei Fan, Mengzhou Li, Fei Wang, Rongjie Lai, Ge Wang
Summary: Inspired by the diversity of biological neurons, this paper explores the application of quadratic artificial neurons in deep learning and highlights the differences in expressivity and training risk between traditional neurons and quadratic networks with or without quadratic activation. By applying spline theory and algebraic geometry, the superior model expressivity of quadratic networks over traditional networks is mathematically demonstrated, and an effective training strategy called ReLinear is proposed to stabilize the training process of quadratic networks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Mathieu Tremblay, Charles Tetreau, Laurie-Ann Corbin-Berrigan, Martin Descarreaux
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between anthropometrics, athletic abilities, perceptual-cognitive skills, and pitching velocity in baseball pitchers. The results showed that these factors were associated with pitching velocity to some extent, and there were differences between age categories.
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kunal Sharma, M. Cerezo, Lukasz Cincio, Patrick J. Coles
Summary: This article analyzes the gradient scaling performance of a recently proposed architecture called dissipative quantum neural networks (DQNNs), and finds that DQNNs can exhibit gradient vanishing. Moreover, we quantitatively bound the scaling of the gradient for DQNNs under different conditions and demonstrate that trainability is not always guaranteed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Evan Jeanguyot, Benjamin Salcinovic, Amanda Johnson, Nicol Van Dyk, Rod Whiteley
Summary: This study investigated Nordic hamstring strength in young athletes and found absolute and body mass-normalised values. The results showed that strength values differed among different age groups, but the differences were smaller when normalised to body mass. Students had lower absolute strength compared to professional football players, but higher relative strength.
Article
Sport Sciences
Melanie Lesinski, Olaf Prieske, Helmi Chaabene, Urs Granacher
Summary: The study found that strength endurance training performed better in ventral Bourban and T-test performances, while power training performed better in 1RM leg press, jump, sprint, and speed performances. The abstract also emphasizes the principle of training specificity and recommends the implementation of SET and PT in young female elite soccer players according to the respective training periods.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mario Albaladejo-Saura, Raquel Vaquero-Cristobal, Noelia Gonzalez-Galvez, Francisco Esparza-Ros
Summary: This study examined the relationship between biological maturation, physical fitness, and kinanthropometric variables of young athletes. It found that male athletes with early maturation showed better physical fitness and kinanthropometric results, while female athletes' height and body mass were related to maturation. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between maturation and other variables in females and the changes in muscle and bone variables during maturation in both sexes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Valentina Cofre-Fernandez, Nicol Burgos-Estrada, Vanessa Meneses-Hermosilla, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Justin W. Keogh, Ruben Gajardo-Burgos
Summary: This study assessed the effects of a specific injury prevention neuromuscular training programme on balance and lower-limb asymmetry in female competitive dancers. The results showed that the specific training programme led to greater improvements in lower-limb dynamic balance compared to the general control group, potentially reducing the risk of lower-limb injuries.
RESEARCH IN SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alejandro Rodriguez-Fernandez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Javier Raya-Gonzalez, Daniel Castillo, Fabio Y. Nakamura
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between physical fitness and external load determined by a local positioning system (LPS) in a simulated basketball game. The results showed significant correlations between distances covered at high decelerations and maximal sprint speed, maximal sprint speed and maximal speed in simulated games, countermovement jump (CMJ) height and sprint distance covered in simulated games, and high decelerations and maximal sprint speed/best time in the repeated sprint test (RSA). Coaches and strength and conditioning coaches should adjust training to optimize speed and jumping ability, as these factors are reflected in in-game physical performance.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART P-JOURNAL OF SPORTS ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Luis Torres Martin, Javier Raya-Gonzalez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Helmi Chaabene, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez
Summary: This study investigated the impact of body mass-based resistance training (bmRT) on physical fitness, injury incidence, and burden in soccer players. The findings suggest that bmRT can improve jumping height but has limited effects on linear and change of direction speed. Additionally, bmRT may reduce injury burden and the severity of musculotendinous injuries in U16 male soccer players.
RESEARCH IN SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Filipe Manuel Clemente, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Marco Beato, Jason Moran, Adam Kawczynski, Piotr Makar, Hugo Sarmento, Jose Afonso
Summary: The aims of this scoping review were to characterize the main methodological approaches to assessing individualized running speed thresholds in team sports players, compare the use of traditional arbitrary thresholds with individualized thresholds, provide an evidence gap map about the approaches and study designs used in team sports investigations, and give directions for future research and practical applications in the strength and conditioning field. The review identified 36 eligible articles out of 3,195 potentially relevant articles, with 27 focusing on the use of arbitrary and individualized running speed thresholds and 34 using individualized thresholds based on physical fitness assessments or performance. The review emphasized the need to improve the methodological aspects of using individualized speed running thresholds and consider the population and context of each study in research comparing different measures and approaches to individualization.
Article
Ophthalmology
Brandon S. Shaw, Gerrit Breukelman, Lourens Millard, Jason Moran, Gregory Brown, Ina Shaw
Summary: This study found that high-intensity anaerobic exercise has positive effects on visual tasks, improving accommodation facility, saccadic eye movement, speed of recognition, peripheral awareness, and hand-eye coordination. It suggests the importance of engaging in intense anaerobic warm-up when training visual skills and when visual skills are an integral part of athletic performance.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Mehdi Zargani, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Ehsan Arabzadeh
Summary: Aging is associated with muscle atrophy and neuronal pathway erosion and destruction in the spinal cord. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of swimming training and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles on the sensory and motor neurons, autophagy marker LC3, oxidant-antioxidant status, behavioral tests, and GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of aging rats. The results showed that swimming and LA-CNPs can improve neuron atrophy, autophagy, oxidant-antioxidant status, functional restoration, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway. This study provides experimental evidence for the potential benefits of swimming and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles in reducing aging-related complications.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason Moran, Raouf Hammami, Joshua Butson, Matt Allen, Abdelkader Mahmoudi, Norodin Vali, Ieuan Lewis, Phil Samuel, Mike Davies, James Earle, Megan Klabunde, Gavin Sandercock
Summary: Coaching cues can impact the execution of motor skills in youths. In this study, the effect of different coaching cues on sprint time and vertical jump height was investigated. The results suggest that the type of cue or analogy provided to a youth performer has little subsequent effect on sprint or jump performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seifeddine Brini, Daniel Boullosa, Julio Calleja-Gonzalez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Hadi Nobari, Carlo Castagna, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Luca Paolo Ardigo
Summary: Multidirectional jumping and repeated sprint ability are crucial factors in basketball performance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of basketball-specific combined training programs compared to plyometric training on neuromuscular performance and body balance adaptations. The results showed that the combined drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint training program led to significant improvements in neuromuscular performance, body balance, and change of direction ability in professional basketball players.
Review
Sport Sciences
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Rohit K. Thapa, Jose Afonso, Alejandro Perez-Castilla, Chris Bishop, Paul J. Byrne, Urs Granacher
Summary: Plyometric jump training (PJT) has been found to improve the reactive strength index (RSI) more effectively than other active/specific-active control interventions. This conclusion is based on a meta-analysis of 61 articles involving 2576 participants, with low risk of bias, low heterogeneity, and moderate certainty of evidence. The improvements in RSI were greater for adults compared to youths, and were influenced by the duration, total number of sessions, and frequency of PJT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie Pethick, Jason Moran, David G. Behm
Summary: Static stretching reduces maximal muscle force generation and also affects the generation of precise levels of force during submaximal contractions. In this study, the effect of acute static stretching on knee extensor force control was investigated. The results showed that prolonged static stretching led to decreased maximal force and increased fluctuations in force at moderate to high intensities, indicating negative effects on force control tasks.
Article
Health Policy & Services
Francisco Guede-Rojas, Maria Jose Medel-Gutierrez, Macarena Carcamo-Vargas, Adolfo Soto-Martinez, Luis Javier Chirosa Rios, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Cristian Alvarez, Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exergames added to a conventional physical therapy program on functional fitness and dynamometric muscle performance for the sit-to-stand maneuver in older adults, and to compare their results with those of a physical therapy-only intervention. The results showed that adding exergames to the physical therapy program significantly increased upper limb strength and had implications for improving performance of the sit-to-stand maneuver in older adults.
GAMES FOR HEALTH JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Eduardo Saez de Villareal, Julio Calleja-Gonzalez, Pedro E. Alcaraz, Javier Feito-Blanco, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of two 8-week in-season strength-training programs on handball players' physical and technical parameters. The results showed that both plyometric and eccentric-overload training improved the athletes' jumping ability, throwing speed, and other technical parameters. However, there was no significant effect on sprinting, cardiorespiratory endurance, heart rate, or blood lactate. Overall, the interventions were effective in improving the physical and technical parameters of male handball players compared to regular handball practice.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Amir Hossein Haghighi, Soosan Bigom Hosseini, Roya Askari, Hadi Shahrabadi, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Summary: In order to enhance the athletic performance of basketball players, effective and optimal training programs are necessary. This study aimed to compare the effects of 6 weeks of plyometric training (PT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the athletic performance of youth female basketball players. The results showed that both PT and HIIT were effective in improving the athletic performance of youth female basketball players compared to regular basketball training.
SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Senda Sammoud, Raja Bouguezzi, Aaron Uthoff, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Jason Moran, Yassine Negra, Younes Hachana, Helmi Chaabene
Summary: This study found that both backward running (BR) and forward running (FR) training can lead to similar improvements in physical fitness measures in young female handball players, with BR training potentially having a slight advantage in 10-m forward sprint time and change of direction (CoD) speed, while FR training may be better for repeated sprint ability (RSA).
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Pablo Jimenez-Martinez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Jorge Flandez, Carlos Alix-Fages, Eneko Baz-Valle, Juan C. Colado
Summary: Oral supplementation of capsaicinoids and capsinoids has been studied for its potential impact on sports performance, specifically in resistance training and HIIT exercises. The findings suggest that capsaicin supplementation can have positive effects on strength endurance, total weight lifted, and perceived effort in healthy males, but has little impact on neuromuscular HIIT variables.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)