CCL2 expression correlates with Snail expression and affects the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer

We aim to explore the associations of CCL2 and Snail in gastric cancer to the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). In our study, the expression of CCL2 and Snail in clinical specimens of 178 GC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. High expression of CCL2 and Snail were closely related to the clinicopathologic features. The results showed there is a link between CCL2 and Snail expression at protein levels (Pearson X2 = 40.751, P < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that CCL2 or Snail expression was correlated with 5-year survival rate (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that CCL2, Snail, pTNM stage, depth of invasion, nodal involvement, metastasis and tumor diameter were significantly associated with 5-year survival rate respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the CCL2, Snail and nodal involvement were independent prognostic factor for patients with GC. In conclusion, the expression of CCL2 is significantly correlated with Snail expression and may be used as a predictive co-biomarker for patient prognosis and tumor aggressiveness in GC. The exactly mechanism between CCL2 and Snail in the process of EMT in GC need further investigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.