Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hiba R. Mohammed, Saba A. Gheni, Khaleel I. Hamad, Safaa M. R. Ahmed, Omar A. Habeeb, Marwan A. Mahmood
Summary: The lifetime of ODS catalysts is extended by impregnating activated carbon prepared from biowaste with Mn and coating it with aluminum oxide, showing high removal efficiency for n-butyl mercaptan in a trickle bed reactor.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seung Kyo Oh, Huiji Ku, Gi Bo Han, Byunghun Jeong, Jong-Ki Jeon
Summary: This study investigates the influence of platinum loading on the hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) using Pt/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts for producing jet fuel. Catalyst characterization was carried out through nitrogen adsorption, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, and temperature-programmed reduction under hydrogen flow. The catalytic performance of bead-type Pt/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts in the hydrogenation of PAHs in PFO-cut was evaluated in a trickle-bed reactor. The main products of the hydrogenation reaction include decalin derivatives, alkylated cyclohexane, hexahydroindan derivatives, and bicyclohexyl. The Pt(1.0 wt%)/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest activity and negligible deactivation over ten hours of time-on-stream.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Nabin Aryal, Mikkel Odde, Cecilie Bogeholdt Petersen, Lars Ditlev Morck Ottosen, Michael Vedel Wegener Kofoed
Summary: The study demonstrates the methanation and upgrading of syngas to biomethane in a fed-batch trickle-bed reactor system using manure or sludge-based inoculum. Addition of exogenous H2 allows for further upgrading of syngas to biomethane in the same reactors, showing functional redundancy among microbial communities.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hamdan Y. Hamdan, Ghassan H. Abdullah
Summary: A specific electrochemical reactor combining gas diffusion electrode with trickling flow property is designed for intensive H2O2 production. The reactor allows uniform distribution of oxygen gas all over the cathode bed, avoiding transport limitations and electrode limited area. The highest concentration of H2O2 achieved was 46.56 mM, and the power consumption was estimated to be 4 kWh/kg, showing economic benefits.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Xing, Richard C. Darton, Aidong Yang
Summary: This study examines the enhanced weathering process using fresh water in a packed bed, finding that the capture rate is mainly limited by the transfer of CO2 and the dissolution rate of calcite. Possible solutions to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption are proposed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Juan B. Restrepo, Johnnys A. Bustillo, Antonio J. Bula, Carlos D. Paternina
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of propylene glycol as well as the simulation and dimensioning of a trickle bed reactor. The study found that adding mass transfer to the model significantly improves glycerol conversion rates.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mouad Hachhach, Vincenzo Russo, Dmitry Yu. Murzin, Tapio Salmi
Summary: This study aimed to develop a general heterogeneous multiscale model for continuous trickle bed reactors, enabling calculation of concentration and temperature changes as well as the stationary behavior. The model simultaneously solved energy and mass balances for both gas and liquid phases, as well as stagnant catalyst particles. Well-established correlations for mass transfer coefficients and pressure drop equations were used. The model is general and can be applied for other bed reactors and arbitrary reaction schemes. Simulation results showed that complete sugar conversion was achieved only for small catalyst particles, and the reactor length had a greater impact on arabinose conversion than residence time or bed radius.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ghassan H. Abdullah, Yangchuan Xing
Summary: In this study, a trickle bed electrochemical reactor (TBER) with multiple cells and a highly effective electrocatalyst was investigated for diesel desulfurization. The results showed that the multi-cell TBER can efficiently oxidize thiophene compounds in diesel, indicating a high desulfurization efficiency of this technology.
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sambit Dutta, Hariklia N. Gavala, Ioannis Skiadas
Summary: This study aims to develop a model to simulate the mass transfer of gases to the liquid phase, as well as a model to predict the volumetric mass transfer coefficient of specific gases under different flow rates and reactor configurations. The models were validated using experimental data and the predicted kLa values had a reasonable range of error.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Akarsha Srivastava, Krishna Nigam, Shantanu Roy
Summary: Trickle bed reactors, widely used in the process and refining industry, are being challenged to provide solutions for deep processing of feedstocks. This study quantifies the impact of packed bed structure on reactor hydrodynamics and discusses the effects of different packing techniques and liquid distribution on overall performance metrics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Run Guo, Bin Wei, Xingying Lan, Jinsen Gao, Xiaogang Shi
Summary: The flow behavior of liquid film in trickle bed reactors was studied, revealing that liquid tends to accumulate on the contact point between adjacent particles. Increasing the liquid inlet flow rate can improve both the wetting ratio and thickness of the particle surface wetted by the liquid film, while increasing the wettability of the particle surface only improves the wetting ratio, with little effect on the liquid film thickness.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Carolina Feickert Fenske, Yasin Md, Dietmar Struebing, Konrad Koch
Summary: Biological methanation is a promising technology for converting H2 and CO2 into renewable energy sources. The performance of methanation in trickle bed reactors can be enhanced by achieving plug flow. By conducting gas flow experiments, this study identified reactor-specific properties and optimization potentials for improved methanation performance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dominik Andreides, Dominik Stransky, Jana Bartackova, Dana Pokorna, Jana Zabranska
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different temperatures on the biomethanation of Syngas and found that CH4 production increased with increasing temperature. The CH4 production under hyper-mesophilic conditions was comparable to thermophilic conditions, resulting in potential energy savings and reduced operating costs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guang Miao, Peng Chong, Cuiting Yang, Zewei Liu, Hao Yu, Lei Dong, Guoqing Li, Jing Xiao
Summary: This study reports the catalytic upgrading of thiophenic sulfur compounds over a silver-modified MoO3 catalyst under ambient conditions. The conversion of thiophenic compounds to bromides using Br-2 and H2O2/HBr achieved high conversion rates and selectivity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Panagiotis Tsapekos, Laura Treu, Stefano Campanaro, Victor B. Centurion, Xinyu Zhu, Maria Peprah, Zengshuai Zhang, Panagiotis G. Kougias, Irini Angelidaki
Summary: This study demonstrates the production of high-purity methane through biological CO2 hydrogenation under real environmental conditions with a trickle bed reactor. The microbial community in the reactor showed distinct clustering characteristics, with different layers of packing material and liquid phase having varying effects on the reaction process.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alanood A. Alsarayreh, Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Shekhah K. Farag, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: This study aims to improve the performance of multistage RO desalination plants by selecting suitable membranes and operating conditions for efficient freshwater production. Through model-based simulation, it was found that employing the Filmtec BW30LE-440 membrane could significantly increase water recovery by about 22%, reduce product salinity by 15%, and lower specific energy consumption by 10% compared to the existing membrane.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Chemical
Viviani C. Onishi, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Article
Energy & Fuels
Thabang W. Selalame, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba, Yakubu M. John
Summary: This paper explores the importance of accurate and reliable models in predicting greenhouse gas emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) regenerators. The FCC unit is a significant contributor to global emissions, and recent efforts in climate change mitigation have highlighted the need for improved models to optimize operations and reduce costs. The paper reviews traditional modeling methodologies and discusses the hydrodynamics, kinetics, and constitutive parts of the regenerator. It concludes with suggestions for improving current models and providing a framework for future research.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Thabang W. Selalame, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba, Yakubu M. John
Summary: Heavy petroleum industries, including the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Recent global efforts to mitigate climate change have led to increased legislation that affects the operations and future of these industries. This article reviews traditional modelling methodologies used in the FCC unit, focusing on the hydrodynamics, kinetics, and other factors that affect the riser and regenerator systems. The article highlights the need for accurate and reliable models to optimize the unit's performance under new regulations and predict greenhouse gas emissions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alanood A. Alsarayreh, Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Alejandro Ruiz-Garcia, Raj Patel, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: This paper investigates the energy dissipation and thermodynamic limitations of the RO system of the Arab Potash Company. By using RO and exergy analysis models, the distribution of energy dissipation is explored, revealing that the highest dissipation occurs in the product stream, while the lowest dissipation occurs in the mixing location of the first pass of the RO desalination system.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Aysar T. Jarullah, Mustafa A. Ahmed, Ban A. Al-Tabbakh, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: In this study, a novel nanocatalyst based on iron oxide was developed for efficient removal of sulfur compounds from fuel. The catalyst showed high activity in oxidative desulfurization under moderate operating conditions. The optimal kinetic parameters of the ODS process were determined based on experimental data and model calculations. The reactor model was used to determine the optimal operating conditions, achieving a high removal of sulfur compounds.
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS MODELING
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Rana H. A. Zubo, Farhan Lafta Rashid, Hassan J. Dakkama, Raed Abd-Alhameed, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: This study evaluates the current status and economic feasibility of solar energy systems in seawater desalination processes. It finds that although solar energy systems have the potential to significantly reduce carbon footprint, the cost of water production is still high. Therefore, further research and development of solar energy systems or the implementation of carbon taxes on fossil fuels are necessary.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hridoy Roy, Sujoy Barua, Tasnim Ahmed, Fareen Mehnaz, Md Shahinoor Islam, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: The article evaluates the global chlor-alkali industry and discusses the prospects for Bangladesh. It highlights the lack of systematic utilization of by-products, chlorine and hydrogen, which threatens the sustainability of the industry. The article proposes feasible solutions, such as utilizing residual chlorine for new production, producing other chemicals from vented hydrogen, and using hydrogen as fuel. For the long-term growth of the chlor-alkali industry in Bangladesh and other developing countries, systematic utilization of chlorine and hydrogen is the only feasible solution.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Thabang W. Selalame, Raj Patel, Iqbal Mohammed Mujtaba, Yakubu Mandafiya John
Summary: This study presents a one-dimensional steady-state model of the FCC riser that considers the vaporisation of gas oil feed and subsequent cracking reactions. Three different models were used to study the evaporation of droplets. The model was validated against plant data and showed good performance in terms of gas oil conversion, gasoline yield, pressure drop, and temperature profiles. The findings suggest that vaporisation models are largely insignificant for typical operation conditions of FCC risers, unless the initial droplet size exceeds 2000 μm.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hamin Jafaar Mohammed, Aysar T. Jarullah, Ban A. Al-Tabbakh, Hala M. Hussein
Summary: This research thoroughly investigated the oxidative desulfurization of kerosene with a sulfur concentration of 1158 ppm using two types of synthesized nanocatalysts (CuO/SiO2, CuO/TiO2-SiO2). Various characterization tests revealed that the catalysts had a strong metal-support interaction, good dispersion of the active metal (Cu), and a wide range of surface morphologies. The synthesized nano-catalysts showed significant sulfur removal efficiency, with CAT-1 achieving 87% and CAT-2 achieving 99.2% sulfur conversion at 413K for 100 min.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Amer T. Nawaf, Jasim I. Humadi, Aysar T. Jarullah, Mustafa A. Ahmed, Shymaa Ali Hameed, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: The removal of phenol and phenolic compounds from wastewater has been a topic of interest in recent years. This study investigated the catalytic oxidation of phenol using H2O2 as the oxidant. A new nano-catalyst (8% Fe2O3/AC) was designed by loading iron oxide nanoparticles onto nano-activated carbon. The highest efficiency of phenol removal was achieved under specific parameters, and the optimization technique successfully predicted the conversion of phenol.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Ruiz-Garcia, Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Ignacio Nuez, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: Due to global water stress, desalination technologies are becoming increasingly important. Reverse osmosis (RO) is the most popular technology due to its reliability and efficiency. However, membrane fouling in RO systems can cause a decrease in water permeability coefficient (A) and impact system performance. This study analyzed the impact of A and the position of the spiral wound membrane modules (SWMMs) on RO system performance. The results showed that the SWMM in the first position had a more significant impact on system performance compared to modules in other positions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Aysar T. Jarullah, Sarmad K. Muhammed, Ban A. Al-Tabbakh, Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Summary: This study investigates the oxidative desulfurization of light gas oil using a copper and nickel oxide based composite nano-catalyst. The optimal operating conditions are achieved through model-based optimization techniques and high conversion rates are obtained. The process effectively removes over 99% of sulfur from the LGO, producing a cleaner fuel.
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS MODELING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mudhar Al-Obaidi, Basman Al-Nedawe, Abdulrahman Mohammad, Iqbal Mujtaba
Summary: The recent study developed an accurate model for predicting dimethylphenol removal from wastewater using the Response Surface Methodology, with results showing that the inlet temperature and feed flow rate have a negative impact on the removal process, while pressure and concentration have a positive influence. The study also revealed a high accuracy of the model with a predicted R-2 value of 0.9772, showcasing the potential of the proposed RSM model for simulating the performance of the RO process.
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS MODELING
(2021)