Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xu Peng, Hong Chen, Honglin Zhong, Ruyin Long, Chao Zhang, Dandan Zhao, Guangfei Yang, Jingke Hong, Cuncun Duan, Xinxian Qi, Pengbang Wei, Pengfei Zhang, Jindao Chen
Summary: The electricity sector in China is the biggest contributor to CO2 emissions and water consumption in industrial sectors. The transition to low-carbon in China's electricity sector has led to a reduction in cooling water usage. Using a Quasi-Input-Output model, this study quantifies CO2 emissions and virtual water embodied in electricity trade. Results show that the low-carbon transition has contributed to water-saving in China's electricity sector.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hong-Mei Deng, Yun-Peng Zhang, Jing Li, Wei-Tong Guo, Chu-Jie Bu
Summary: As people's living conditions improve, the energy demand in China's transportation sector has increased significantly. This study analyzed the energy saving potential of China's transportation sector during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period and found that implementing energy conservation measures can effectively reduce energy consumption.
Article
Agronomy
Jianxu Liu, Shutong Liu, Jiande Cui, Xuefei Kang, Qing Lin, Rossarin Osathanunkul, Changrui Dong
Summary: This paper measures agricultural total-factor energy efficiency in China, considering regional heterogeneity. The study finds significant regional differences in agricultural total-factor energy efficiency, with higher agricultural energy inputs associated with higher total-factor productivity. The proportion of agriculture to GDP has a positive impact on agricultural total-factor energy efficiency, while factors such as per capita income of farmers, fiscal support for agriculture, illiteracy rate of farmers, agricultural labor input, and agricultural capital stock have a negative impact.
Article
Economics
Liang Liu, Kun Yang, Hidemichi Fujii, Jun Liu
Summary: The study found that the application of AI can significantly reduce energy intensity, especially in industries with high energy intensity, and the impact on labor-intensive and technology-intensive industries is more pronounced. The impact of AI on energy intensity is primarily achieved through the facilitation of technological progress.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Irina Liu, Xueying Han, Bhavya Lal
Summary: China's space industry and commercial space companies are experiencing rapid growth, with some successful disruptive innovations paving the way for potential advancements. While still lacking technological maturity compared to Western counterparts, emerging commercial space companies show promise for disruptive innovation in the global space sector.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yihan Wang, Wei Pan
Summary: Quantifying embodied energy and emissions (EEEs) is crucial for understanding the responsibilities of the building sector. This study focuses on the building sector in Mainland China and collects data on cleaner production measures. The results show that cleaner production measures can significantly reduce EEEs, with the potential to contribute to the green development of the building sector.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiaxuan Hu, Liang Chi, Liwei Xing, Han Meng, Mengshuai Zhu, Jing Zhang, Jianzhai Wu
Summary: This study examines the decoupling state between energy consumption and agricultural economic growth in China's agricultural sector from 2000 to 2019. The results show that at the national level, the decoupling fluctuates among expansive negative decoupling, expansive coupling, and weak decoupling before stabilizing in the weak decoupling state. The decoupling process also varies by geographic region, with strong negative decoupling in North and East China and strong decoupling in Southwest and Northwest China. The study also identifies the driving factors for decoupling, including economic activity, industrial structure, energy intensity, population, and energy structure effects.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun-Ling Liu, Meng-Yue LI, Yuan Zeng, Ming-Jian Yin, Xiao-Xuan Zhang
Summary: This study addresses the issue of incomplete data on China's energy service demand in the passenger transport sector and provides more accurate estimates through reevaluation. The results show that there is a significant underestimation in total passenger turnover in governmental statistics, with the impact of non-operational road transport being overlooked. Without complete data, future travel demand may be overestimated, leading to inaccurate projections on energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is crucial to have a detailed and precise calculation of energy service demand in the passenger transport sector.
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weijun He, Hao Chen
Summary: The study investigates the convergence pattern of per capita aggregate energy consumption among 30 Chinese provinces from 1990 to 2017. The results show that the full sample of provinces cannot converge to a common level in per capita energy consumption, but partial convergence can be achieved with energy consumption reduction in specific provinces. Suggestions are made for high energy-consuming provinces to make efforts in reducing energy consumption to achieve convergence.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Liu, Yixin Ren, Ning Wang
Summary: Economic growth relies on growth in energy consumption, which has led to carbon emissions. The study found rebound effects in energy intensity at both industry and enterprise levels, with a significant difference due to variations in energy consumption statistics. Therefore, it is suggested that coal consumption as raw material should not be defined as energy consumption at the enterprise level, and recommendations for energy efficiency improvements are provided based on practical evidence.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinxin Zhang, Zhenlei Li, Jingfu Wang
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the transportation industry in China, affecting energy consumption and CO2 emissions of both fuel vehicles and battery electric vehicles. Compared to the SARS epidemic, COVID-19 had a larger impact on transportation energy consumption and emissions. Energy conservation and emission reduction efforts are still needed after the pandemic, and the findings will provide valuable reference for the government in promoting energy conservation and emission reduction in the transportation sector.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ayman Alazazmeh, Muhammad Asif
Summary: Climate change is a major challenge for mankind, with efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The building sector, responsible for a significant amount of energy consumption and emissions, especially HVAC systems, plays a crucial role. Retrofitting commercial buildings can significantly improve energy performance and indoor air quality, with potential cost savings.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wahhaj Ahmed, Ayman Alazazmeh, Muhammad Asif
Summary: The global building sector has the potential for energy savings through retrofitting, which improves environmental sustainability. However, proper Measurement & Verification (M&V) is crucial for validating the effectiveness of retrofitting in various buildings. This paper fills the gap by discussing the effectiveness of retrofit energy and water efficiency measures in a commercial building in Saudi Arabia. It successfully validates the energy and water savings achievable through retrofitting, proving the effectiveness of EEMs and water saving measures in commercial building retrofitting in the region.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Huang Jiemin, Wen Chen
Summary: This study examines the impact of private sector energy investment, innovation, and energy consumption on China's carbon emissions by subdividing energy investment in public-private partnerships and selecting energy investment in the private sector as the variable. The results show that private sector participation in energy investment can temporarily increase carbon emissions but can lead to a reduction in the long term. Innovation factors have a positive effect on carbon emissions reduction, with resident patent applications being particularly beneficial. Energy consumption has a persistent positive effect on carbon emissions, while China's economic growth and foreign trade have varying effects on carbon emissions.
Article
Economics
Hao Chen, Jian Cui, Feng Song, Zhigao Jiang
Summary: Addressing the efficiency-equity-environment trade-off is important for electricity sector reform. This study quantifies the economic, distributional, and environmental effects of marketization and integration in China's electricity market. The findings suggest that establishing provincial markets can lead to potential welfare improvement of 14.3 billion yuan, which can be further increased to 21.0 billion yuan by integrating the provincial markets into a regional market. The regional market performs better in terms of overall efficiency gains and environmental outcomes, but worse in addressing equity concerns.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lei Shi, Rongxin Wu, Boqiang Lin
Summary: The study found that consumers have weak awareness of the green attributes of EVs, with significant perception only when consumers feel a sense of social responsibility. Transferring government subsidies to consumers is not feasible when subsidies are completely abolished.
Article
Thermodynamics
Muhammad Yousaf Raza, Rongxin Wu, Boqiang Lin
Summary: This study analyzes the decomposition of agricultural energy and its decoupling with economic output in Pakistan from 1981 to 2020. The results show that agricultural economic output is the major factor influencing energy consumption. Agricultural energy intensity and total agricultural land exhibit increasing returns to scale, while agricultural labor intensity has mixed effects. Strong and expansive negative decoupling is observed, suggesting the potential for further achieving strong decoupling through the use of energy technologies. The findings highlight the importance of adopting diverse energy sources, energy management, increased capital investment, and skilled labor to cope with the increasing energy consumption in the agriculture sector.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Boqiang Lin, Chunxu Guan
Summary: With the growth of industrialization and demand, carbon emissions in China's food industry have increased significantly over the past two decades. However, the uncertainty in emission levels within China's food industry and the global supply chain hinder the implementation of sustainable food policies. This study estimates the carbon footprint of China's food manufacturing industry both domestically and internationally, identifies major trade partners and corresponding industries, and decomposes the determinants of carbon footprint change. The results indicate that agriculture, food industry, transport, and energy supply play significant roles in carbon emission growth. Additionally, increasing demand, consumption pattern changes, and energy efficiency improvements affect the emission level. Policy recommendations are provided based on the decomposition results.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2023)
Article
Economics
Boqiang Lin, Chunxu Guan
Summary: China has one of the strongest manufacturing industries in the world, but the carbon emissions from its production pose a serious threat to the environment. This study evaluates the efficiency of China's manufacturing industry using data envelopment analysis and examines the factors that affect its efficiency using a panel regression model. The results show regional and sectoral heterogeneity in efficiency, with slower growth in efficiency in the western and inland regions compared to the coastal areas, and lower efficiency in the light manufacturing industry compared to heavy manufacturing. Factors such as labor quality, industrial agglomeration, and environmental regulation positively impact efficiency, while R&D investment and openness have a negative impact. The study suggests policy measures to focus on nurturing specialized talent, promoting point-to-point manufacturing agglomeration, and unifying emission standards nationwide, while also being cautious of emissions from foreign-funded manufacturing enterprises and setting emission standards for manufactured goods exports.
Article
Thermodynamics
Francois Bega, Boqiang Lin
Summary: This article assesses the opportunities and challenges of China's Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) in coal, hydro, wind, and solar power projects and uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to provide a quantitative analysis. It highlights the potential for cleaner and more efficient electricity generation in developing countries through BRI power cooperation, but emphasizes the need for a stronger focus on sustainable development to guide these projects.
Article
Environmental Studies
Boqiang Lin, Hengsong Zhao
Summary: Climate change is currently one of the world's most crucial challenges, with inevitable impacts on various sectors. Many countries are taking actions to combat climate change, but there is significant uncertainty in the design and implementation of climate policies. In this study, a Climate Policy Uncertainty index is built for China, India, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and its relationship with economic fluctuations and the fossil fuel industry is analyzed.
Article
Environmental Studies
Zhijie Jia, Boqiang Lin
Summary: All energy processing enterprises in China are state-owned and their product prices are regulated by the government. The dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium model (CEEEA/CGE model) is used to simulate and analyze the impact of changes in primary fossil energy costs and the effects of price regulation in these energy processing sectors. The results show that price regulation stabilizes the economy and reduces the impact of energy cost fluctuations, whether positive or negative. Other findings include the resource curse phenomenon when primary energy costs are dramatically reduced, minimal increase in the consumer price index (CPI) despite significant energy cost increases, and the asymmetric economic impact of changes in fossil energy costs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Boqiang Lin, Yuqiang Teng
Summary: The essence of industrial chain structure optimization is to strengthen the synergy and division ability among sectors, which is crucial for reducing energy intensity and achieving carbon neutrality goals. This paper completed the China's non-competitive input-output table from 2000 to 2020, constructed industrial synergy and division index using structural path analysis method, and examined its development trend. Combining with a two-way fixed effects model, we explored the influence of industrial synergy and division on energy intensity. The research found that China's industrial synergy and division development level shows an upward trend, and it significantly reduces sectoral energy intensity, particularly for sectors with high energy dependence. This research provides targeted policy suggestions for China to optimize its industrial structure and has reference significance for other countries.
Article
Economics
Chenchen Huang, Boqiang Lin
Summary: The application of digital technologies is crucial for decarbonizing the power sector and improving new energy integration and generation efficiency. This study examines the impact of digitalization on the carbon intensity of electricity production and measures the level of digitalization in the electricity sector for 93 countries. The findings show that digitalization significantly reduces the carbon intensity of power generation, and its impact is enhanced by optimizing the energy structure and increasing the quantity of renewable energy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Boqiang Lin, Hengsong Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the impact of trade policy on carbon-intensive industries and empirically tests the effects of trade barriers on carbon emissions. The findings reveal the existence of asymmetric trade barriers across different countries and provide political and trade explanations. Additionally, the study observes a significant implicit subsidy provided by certain highly developed countries for carbon-intensive imported products.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Boqiang Lin, Sami Ullah
Summary: According to Pakistan's Nationally Determined Contribution, the country aims to reduce its emissions by 50% by 2030, with 15% coming from domestic resources and 35% contingent on international grant financing, requiring USD 101 billion for energy transition. This study examines the impact of energy depletion, green growth, technological cooperation grants, and labor force on CO2 emissions in Pakistan. The findings suggest that energy depletion leads to environmental contamination in the long run, while green growth, technological cooperation grants, and labor force contribute to the reduction of environmental contaminations.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Business, Finance
Rui Bai, Boqiang Lin
Summary: This paper applies evolutionary game analysis and empirical research to conclude that green finance plays a significant role in promoting green innovation. The conclusions are robust even after using alternative measurement and estimation methods. By considering endogeneity, the paper treats the establishment of green finance reform pilot zones as a quasi-natural experiment and analyzes the policy effect of green finance on green innovation using the Differences-in-Differences model. Furthermore, the paper finds that green finance has a stronger positive effect on green innovation when firms have a lower risk-taking level.
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS & FINANCE
(2024)
Article
Economics
Boqiang Lin, Jiawen Xie
Summary: This paper investigates the multilevel environmental governance in developing countries by analyzing the correlation between superior administration's environmental inspections and local polluters' rent-seeking. The results show that superior inspections significantly reduce the excessive management expenses of polluting companies, especially in private enterprises, and improve their environmental performance.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Boqiang Lin, Rui Bai
Summary: This study analyzes the relationship between green finance development and green innovation using listed Chinese companies. The findings suggest that green finance positively improves green technological innovation, and factors like zero-inflation can lower the possibility of enterprises refusing to engage in green innovation. The study also shows that enterprise scale and bank competition can affect the choice of the enterprise and stimulate promotion intensity in different development stages.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Boqiang Lin, Yongjing Xie
Summary: The overcapacity issue in China's renewable energy industry has raised concerns, and the influence of government subsidies on capacity utilization has been debated. This study finds that subsidies reduce the capacity utilization of renewable energy firms, but the negative impact is weakened when companies have higher technological innovation capability.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
