Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Junxi Duan, Yu Gao, Chang-Yin Ji, Sichun Sun, Yugui Yao, Yun-Long Zhang
Summary: The paper proposes an LC resonance enhanced detection method for the narrow band electric signals induced by the axion dark matter using a solenoid magnet facility, and verifies it with 3D electromagnetic simulation results. The electric signal is amplified by a high Q-factor resonant LC circuit and detected by a state-of-the-art cryogenic electrical transport measurement technique. The paper evaluates the system's sensitivity to axion dark matter with mass below 10-6 eV and predicts that the measurement of the electric signal can potentially be sensitive to the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) axion with ga gamma similar to 10-16 GeV-1 around ma similar to 10-8 eV, with a multimeter scale magnetized region.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander V. Balatsky, Benjo Fraser, Henrik S. Roising
Summary: This article discusses the axion dark matter condensate and the effects of dark matter interactions on the spectrum of collective modes. It is found that DM self-interactions change the dispersion spectrum from quadratic to linear-like, with the velocity determined by the interactions but dominated by gravity. Additionally, a sound-like mode called dark sound (DS) is identified, which describes stable density oscillations at intermediate length scales.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yong Shi, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Junzhi Wang, Jianhang Chen, Qiusheng Gu, Xiaoling Yu, Songlin Li
Summary: AGC 242019 is a nearby ultradiffuse galaxy that challenges alternative cold dark matter paradigms by constraining the particle mass of fuzzy dark matter, the cross section of self-interacting dark matter, and the particle mass of warm dark matter. The derived rotation curve of dark matter in AGC 242019 is well fitted by the cuspy profile, contradicting modified Newtonian dynamics and supporting a star formation threshold dependent model.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Saeed Fakhry, Javad T. Firouzjaee, Mehrdad Farhoudi
Summary: The study finds that the merger rate of PBHs within each halo is higher in ellipsoidal models compared to spherical models. The evolution of PBH total merger rate is more sensitive in ellipsoidal halo models than in spherical halo models, and the constraint on PBH abundance is potentially stronger in ellipsoidal-collapse halo models.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Raymond G. Carlberg, Carl J. Grillmair
Summary: M54 is a prototype of a globular cluster embedded in a dark matter halo. The study on its photometry and proper motions reveals the presence of old metal-poor stars and younger metal-rich dwarf galaxy stars. The analysis also indicates that the mass of the cluster increases linearly with radius.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mateja Gosenca, Andrew Eberhardt, Yourong Wang, Benedikt Eggemeier, Emily Kendall, J. Luna Zagorac, Richard Easther
Summary: Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is usually assumed to be a single scalar field, but we explore the possibility that it consists of N light scalar fields with only gravitational interactions, which is more consistent with the underlying particle physics motivations for these scenarios. In multifield simulations, we find that the amplitude of the total density fluctuations inside a ULDM halo decreases as 1/sqrt(N) and the fields do not significantly correlate over cosmological timescales. Smoother halos heat stellar orbits less efficiently, weakening the observational constraints on the field mass.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sangnam Park, Dongsu Bak, Jae-Weon Lee, Inkyu Parka
Summary: This study performs a numerical comparison between the fuzzy dark matter model and the cold dark matter model, focusing on the formation of satellite galaxy planes around massive galaxies. The results demonstrate that the satellite galaxies in the fuzzy dark matter model have a tendency to form more flattened and corotating satellite systems compared to the cold dark matter model.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Valerio De Luca, Gabriele Franciolini, Antonio Riotto, Hardi Veermae
Summary: Combining constraints from microlensing and Lyman-alpha forest, this study provides a simple argument to rule out the possibility of large spatial clustering of stellar-mass primordial black holes at the time of formation, even by boosting their initial clustering to evade existing constraints.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander V. Gramolin, Arne Wickenbrock, Deniz Aybas, Hendrik Bekker, Dmitry Budker, Gary P. Centers, Nataniel L. Figueroa, Derek F. Jackson Kimball, Alexander O. Sushkov
Summary: This article investigates the spectral line shapes of axionlike dark matter and discusses their importance in optimizing experimental design and data analysis. The authors extend previous results on axion-photon and axion-gluon couplings to the case of gradient coupling and examine the directional sensitivity of the corresponding haloscope. They also analyze the daily and annual modulations of the gradient signal caused by Earth's motions, which could serve as important evidence for the detection of axionlike particles in our Galaxy's halo.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander B. Balakin, Aliya A. Galimova
Summary: The study focuses on the extension of axion-dilaton-aether electrodynamics within the framework of the Einstein-Maxwell-axion-aether theory, applied to a specific cosmological model. A new type of dynamic equilibrium state of the axion-photon system is proposed and examined in the context of electrodynamics with axionic nonlinearity. The nonlinear axion-photon interactions are shown to have the ability to mimic dilaton-photon coupling, with discussions on the stability of the model concerning homogeneous fluctuations of the axion field.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiwon Jesse Han, Rohan P. Naidu, Charlie Conroy, Ana Bonaca, Dennis Zaritsky, Nelson Caldwell, Phillip Cargile, Benjamin D. Johnson, Vedant Chandra, Joshua S. Speagle, Yuan-Sen Ting, Turner Woody
Summary: This paper studies the ancient merger debris in the stellar halo, finding that long-lived structures HAC and VOD are associated with GSE, and the dark matter halo of the Galaxy is tilted and aligned with HAC-VOD. Such halo-disk misalignment is common in modern cosmological simulations. In addition, the relationship between the local and global stellar halo is analyzed.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Turner Johnson, Andrew J. Benson, Daniel Grin
Summary: The study uses a random walk in halo energy space to predict the concentration of dark matter halos, calculates the total internal energy of each halo in a full merger tree, accurately reproduces the mean of the concentration-mass relation measured in N-body simulations, and replicates more of the scatter in that relation compared to previous models. The model closely matches N-body results in terms of auto-correlation of scale radii over time and correlations between halo concentration and spin.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sophie M. L. Vogt, David J. E. Marsh, Alex Lague
Summary: We propose a complete halo model for mixed dark matter consisting of cold dark matter (CDM) and ultralight axionlike particles (ULAs). Our model considers ULAs as a biased tracer of CDM, similar to the treatment of massive neutrinos and neutral hydrogen. The model takes into account the clustering of ULAs around CDM host halos and captures the cross correlations between both components. This model can be used to predict the matter power spectrum for subpopulations of ULAs across a wide mass range and can be further improved through calibration with future simulations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Raymond G. Carlberg, Laura C. Keating
Summary: A simulated evolution of a cosmological environment similar to the Milky Way reveals that the initial radius and position of star clusters within the dark matter distribution can impact their mass and velocity distribution. Star clusters located at smaller orbital radii experience greater tidal forces and are often in an unstable state, while those at larger subhalo radii exhibit smoother velocity distributions, with a decrease in velocity dispersion towards the outer regions. Notably, some star clusters that form in the centers of subhalos may still contain remnants of local dark matter.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. Parimbelli, G. Scelfo, S. K. Giri, A. Schneider, M. Archidiacono, S. Camera, M. Viel
Summary: This study investigates the impact of mixed dark matter models on large-scale structure observables and builds an emulator to predict the suppression in the matter power spectrum with high precision.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
H. Fosbinder-Elkins, Y. Kim, J. Dargert, M. Harkness, A. A. Geraci, E. Levenson-Falk, S. Mumford, A. Fang, A. Kapitulnik, A. Matlashov, D. Kim, Y. Shin, Y. K. Semertzidis, Y-H Lee, N. Aggarwal, C. Lohmeyer, A. Reid, J. Shortino, I Lee, J. C. Long, C-Y Liu, W. Snow
Summary: The QCD axion is proposed to explain the strong-CP problem and dark matter in particle physics. The ARIADNE experiment aims to detect the QCD axion by sensing its coupling to spin. It requires tight control of the experiment's magnetic environment to achieve its desired sensitivity.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
L. Fasolo, C. Barone, M. Borghesi, G. Carapella, A. P. Caricato, I Carusotto, W. Chung, A. Cian, D. Di Gioacchino, E. Enrico, P. Falferi, M. Faverzani, E. Ferri, G. Filatrella, C. Gatti, A. Giachero, D. Giubertoni, A. Greco, C. Kutlu, A. Leo, C. Ligi, P. Livreri, G. Maccarrone, B. Margesin, G. Maruccio, A. Matlashov, C. Mauro, R. Mezzena, A. G. Monteduro, A. Nucciotti, L. Oberto, S. Pagano, V Pierro, L. Piersanti, M. Rajteri, A. Rettaroli, S. Rizzato, Y. K. Semertzidis, S. Uchaikin, A. Vinante
Summary: This contribution analyzes the intrinsic properties of an rf-SQUID based Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier in terms of amplification and noise generation. The study uses a theoretical bimodal description of a linear phase-preserving amplifier and focuses on key case study input states, such as Fock and coherent states. Additionally, an analysis of the output signals generated by the parametric amplification mechanism with thermal noise fluctuations as input is presented.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
S. Pagano, C. Barone, M. Borghesi, W. Chung, G. Carapella, A. P. Caricato, I Carusotto, A. Cian, D. Di Gioacchino, E. Enrico, P. Falferi, L. Fasolo, M. Faverzani, E. Ferri, G. Filatrella, C. Gatti, A. Giachero, D. Giubertoni, A. Greco, C. Kutlu, A. Leo, C. Ligi, G. Maccarrone, B. Margesin, G. Maruccio, A. Matlashov, C. Mauro, R. Mezzena, A. G. Monteduro, A. Nucciotti, L. Oberto, V Pierro, L. Piersanti, M. Rajteri, A. Rettaroli, S. Rizzato, Y. K. Semertzidis, S. Uchaikin, A. Vinante
Summary: Ultralow-noise microwave amplification and detection play a central role in various applications. Current technologies have limitations, and Superconducting Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) have the potential to offer quantum limited noise and large bandwidth. We are developing high-performance TWPAs and have made progress in achieving our goals.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hoyong Jeong, Eunil Won, Yannis K. Semertzidis, Edward J. Stephenson, Seongtae Park
Summary: This paper discusses the implementation of spin-dependent differential cross-section for elastic hadron-nucleus scattering in GEANT4. To validate the implementation, real measurement results of proton-carbon cross-section are compared and discussed. This implementation is applied to study the systematic effects of a proposed experiment on the proton electric dipole moment.
JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
On Kim, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: Understanding beam and spin dynamics is crucial in accelerator-based experiments and this paper provides analytical estimations for important variables in a circular magnetic storage ring. The study aims to obtain more precise estimations using higher order approximations and discusses a potential method to suppress corrections to the spin precession frequency.
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Junu Jeong, SungWoo Youn, Sungjae Bae, Dongok Kim, Younggeun Kim, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: The cavity haloscope is a highly sensitive method for searching for dark matter axions in the microwave regime. In addition to improving major aspects, attention also needs to be paid to minor details in order to enhance experimental performance.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
A. Giachero, C. Barone, M. Borghesi, G. Carapella, A. P. Caricato, I. Carusotto, W. Chang, A. Cian, D. Di Gioacchino, E. Enrico, P. Falferi, L. Fasolo, M. Faverzani, E. Ferri, G. Filatrella, C. Gatti, D. Giubertoni, A. Greco, C. Kutlu, A. Leo, C. Ligi, G. Maccarrone, B. Margesin, G. Maruccio, A. Matlashov, C. Mauro, R. Mezzena, A. G. Monteduro, A. Nucciotti, L. Oberto, S. Pagano, V. Pierro, L. Piersanti, M. Rajteri, S. Rizzato, Y. K. Semertzidis, S. Uchaikin, A. Vinante
Summary: Reducing noise to the quantum limit is a fundamental requirement for future applications, and this paper presents a project called the Detector Array Readout with Traveling Wave Amplifiers, which aims to develop high-performing traveling wave parametric amplifiers. The project adopts two different approaches and has achieved preliminary results.
JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Danho Ahn, Ohjoon Kwon, Woohyun Chung, Wonjun Jang, Doyu Lee, Jhinhwan Lee, Sung Woo Youn, HeeSu Byun, Dojun Youm, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: A polygon-shaped cavity design with biaxially textured YBa2Cu3O7-x superconducting tapes is introduced, which shows improved performance as a high-quality microwave resonator in the presence of a strong magnetic field. This has significant implications for applications such as axion dark matter searches.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. M. Adair, K. Altenmuller, V Anastassopoulos, S. Arguedas Cuendis, J. Baier, K. Barth, A. Belov, D. Bozicevic, H. Braeuninger, G. Cantatore, F. Caspers, J. F. Castel, S. A. Cetin, W. Chung, H. Choi, J. Choi, T. Dafni, M. Davenport, A. Dermenev, K. Desch, B. Doebrich, H. Fischer, W. Funk, J. Galan, A. Gardikiotis, S. Gninenko, J. Golm, M. D. Hasinoff, D. H. H. Hoffmann, D. Diez Ibanez, I. G. Irastorza, K. Jakovcic, J. Kaminski, M. Karuza, C. Krieger, C. Kutlu, B. Lakic, J. M. Laurent, J. Lee, S. Lee, G. Luzon, C. Malbrunot, C. Margalejo, M. Maroudas, L. Miceli, H. Mirallas, L. Obis, A. Ozbey, K. Oezbozduman, M. J. Pivovaroff, M. Rosu, J. Ruz, E. Ruiz-Choliz, S. Schmidt, M. Schumann, Y. K. Semertzidis, S. K. Solanki, L. Stewart, I Tsagris, T. Vafeiadis, J. K. Vogel, M. Vretenar, S. Youn, K. Zioutas
Summary: The CAST-CAPP axion haloscope, based on the Sikivie haloscope principle, has been used to search for axions in the mass range of 19.74 mu eV to 22.47 mu eV at CERN. The experimental data acquired from 2019 to 2021 excludes axion-photon couplings for virialized galactic axions down to g(a gamma gamma) = 8 x 10(-14) GeV-1 at a 90% confidence level.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dongok Kim, Derek F. Jackson Kimball, Hector Masia-Roig, Joseph A. Smiga, Arne Wickenbrock, Dmitry Budker, Younggeun Kim, Yun Chang Shin, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: This study presents an experimental search conducted by the Global Network of Optical Magnetometers for Exotic physics searches (GNOME) for certain forms of dark matter. The research uses stochastic optimization with machine learning to analyze the data and verify the validity and reliability of the method for searching ALP domain walls. The projected sensitivity of this new analysis method for ALP domain-wall crossing events is also discussed.
PHYSICS OF THE DARK UNIVERSE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrew K. Yi, Saebyeok Ahn, Caglar Kutlu, JinMyeong Kim, Byeong Rok Ko, Boris I. Ivanov, HeeSu Byun, Arjan F. van Loo, SeongTae Park, Junu Jeong, Ohjoon Kwon, Yasunobu Nakamura, Sergey V. Uchaikin, Jihoon Choi, Soohyung Lee, MyeongJae Lee, Yun Chang Shin, Jinsu Kim, Doyu Lee, Danho Ahn, SungJae Bae, Jiwo Lee, Younggeun Kim, Violeta Gkika, Ki Woong Lee, Seonjeong Oh, Taehyeon Seong, DongMin Kim, Woohyun Chung, Andrei Matlashov, SungWoo Youn, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: In this study, an axion dark matter search was performed using the CAPP-12TB haloscope, and the results excluded axions with an axion-photon coupling constant of 6.2 x 10-16 GeV-1 in the axion mass range of 4.51 to 4.59 mu eV at a 90% confidence level. The achieved experimental sensitivity also excluded Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axion dark matter that constitutes only 13% of the local dark matter density. The CAPP-12TB haloscope will continue the search for a wide range of axion masses.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Karanth, E. J. Stephenson, S. P. Chang, V. Hejny, S. Park, J. Pretz, Y. K. Semertzidis, A. Wirzba, A. Wronska, F. Abusaif, A. Aggarwal, A. Aksentev, B. Alberdi, A. Andres, L. Barion, I. Bekman, M. Beyss, C. Boehme, B. Breitkreutz, C. von Byern, N. Canale, G. Ciullo, S. Dymov, N. O. Froehlich, R. Gebel, K. Grigoryev, D. Grzonka, J. Hetzel, O. Javakhishvili, H. Jeong, A. Kacharava, V. Kamerdzhiev, I. Keshelashvili, A. Kononov, K. Laihem, A. Lehrach, P. Lenisa, N. Lomidze, B. Lorentz, A. Magiera, D. Mchedlishvili, F. Mueller, A. Nass, N. N. Nikolaev, A. Pesce, V. Poncza, D. Prasuhn, F. Rathmann, A. Saleev, D. Shergelashvili, V. Shmakova, N. Shurkhno, S. Siddique, J. Slim, H. Soltner, R. Stassen, H. Stroeher, M. Tabidze, G. Tagliente, Y. Valdau, M. Vitz, T. Wagner, P. Wuestner, JEDI Collaboration
Summary: Based on the idea that the local dark-matter field can induce oscillating couplings, a new method is proposed to search for axions in storage rings. A proof-of-principle experiment is conducted at COSY to scan momentum and spin-precession frequency. No axion resonance is observed, providing upper limits for the oscillating EDM component and axion coupling constants of the deuteron.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zhanibek Omarov, Junu Jeong, Yannis K. Semertzidis
Summary: We describe a new axion search method based on measuring the variance in the interference of the axion signal using injected photons with a power detector. The need for a linear amplifier is eliminated by putting a strong signal into the microwave cavity, to acquire not only the power excess but also measure the variance of the output power. This method has an advantage in that it can always obtain sensitivity near the quantum noise limit even for a power detector with high dark count rate. We describe the basic concept of this method both analytically and numerically, and we show experimental results using a simple demonstration circuit.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nancy Aggarwal, A. Schnabel, J. Voigt, Alex Brown, J. C. Long, S. Knappe-Grueneberg, W. Kilian, A. Fang, A. A. Geraci, A. Kapitulnik, D. Kim, Y. Kim, I Lee, Y. H. Lee, C. Y. Liu, C. Lohmeyer, A. Reid, Y. Semertzidis, Y. Shin, J. Shortino, E. Smith, W. M. Snow, E. Weisman, H. Zhang
Summary: The ARIADNE experiment aims to detect novel axion-induced spin-dependent interactions using nuclear magnetic resonance. Through measurements and simulations, the researchers found that the magnetic field in the tungsten rotor prototype is mainly caused by discrete magnetic dipoles, likely due to impurities. They also determined that the current demagnetization process and tungsten purity can support ARIADNE's design sensitivity.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zhanibek Omarov, Hooman Davoudiasl, Selcuk Hacromeroglu, Valeri Lebedev, William M. Morse, Yannis K. Semertzidis, Alexander J. Silenko, Edward J. Stephenson, Riad Suleiman
Summary: This segment provides a brief overview of the Symmetric-Hybrid ring design for the storage ring proton electric dipole moment experiment, highlighting critical issues and the advancements made in reducing systematic errors and aligning the ring within available technology.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Bogdan Damski
Summary: In this paper, we discuss the dynamics of field configurations in the Proca theory of the real massive vector field, specifically focusing on a certain class of electric (magnetic) dipole-charged states. We construct these states to ensure that the long-distance structure of the mean electromagnetic field is initially set by the formula describing the electromagnetic field of the electric (magnetic) dipole. We analyze the evolution of this mean electromagnetic field over time and observe the phenomena of harmonic oscillations of the electric (magnetic) dipole moment far from the center of the initial field configuration, as well as the emergence of a spherical shock wave propagating at the speed of light near the center. Additionally, we discover a unique axisymmetric mean electric field configuration accompanying the mean magnetic field in magnetic dipole-charged states.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Brett McInnes
Summary: The time-dependence of AdS black hole interior geometries poses challenges to holographic duality and the traversability of wormholes. Quantum circuit complexity of strongly coupled matter can address the first challenge. Data from a phenomenological model show an upper bound on the complexity growth rate, which becomes stricter with the addition of angular momentum. The slowing of black hole interior dynamics at high specific angular momentum also occurs.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
M. Beccaria, S. Giombi, A. A. Tseytlin
Summary: This article investigates the superconformal index Z of the 6d (2,0) theory on S5 x S1 and describes it using the quantum M2 brane theory in the large N limit. By studying M2 branes in a twisted product of thermal AdS7 and S4, the leading non-perturbative term at large N is shown to be reproduced by the 1-loop partition function of an instanton M2 brane wrapped on S1 x S2 with S2 c S4. Similarly, the partition function of a defect M2 brane wrapped on thermal AdS3 c AdS7 reproduces the BPS Wilson loop expectation value in the (2,0) theory. The article also comments on the analogy of these results with similar computations in the quantum M2 brane partition function in AdS4 x S7/DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL Zk, which reproduced the corresponding localization expressions in the ABJM 3d gauge theory.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Carlos Silva
Summary: This paper explores the nature of spacetime in quantum gravity based on a new version of the holographic principle that establishes a connection between string theory and polymer holonomy structures. The research findings suggest that, for this relationship to hold, spacetime must be perceived as emerging from a fundamental structure with degrees of freedom corresponding to quantum correlations only.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
A. Senol, H. Denizli, C. Helveci
Summary: This study investigates new physics using a Monte Carlo method, and the results show stronger limitations on anomalous quartic gauge couplings compared to previous experiments.
