期刊
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
卷 44, 期 1, 页码 199-+出版社
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.016
关键词
Pituitary apoplexy; Emergency; Neurosurgery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Hemorrhage; Necrosis; Pituitary adenoma; Corticotropic deficiency
Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare clinical syndrome caused by sudden hemorrhaging and/or infarction of the pituitary gland, generally within a pituitary adenoma. The main symptom is sudden-onset severe headache, associated with visual disorders or ocular palsy. Corticotropic deficiency may be life-threatening if left untreated. Computed tomography (CT) or MRI confirms the diagnosis by revealing a pituitary tumor with hemorrhagic and/ or necrotic components. PA used to be considered a neurosurgical emergency but a conservative approach is increasingly used in selected patients, as it yields similar outcomes. Glucocorticoid treatment must always be started immediately after onset.
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