Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Gabriela P. Silote, Michelle C. Gatto, Amanda Eskelund, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Gregers Wegener, Samia R. L. Joca
Summary: The study found that CBD exhibited different antidepressant effects in rodents of different strains and sexes, with the behavioral response to tests predictive of antidepressant effects in mice and rats being influenced by strain, sex, and administration time.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paloma Molina Hernandes, Matheus Fitipaldi Batistela, Jefferson Manoel Nascimento-Silva, Alana Tercino Frias, Melina Matthiesen, Alline Cristina Campos, Thelma Anderson Lovick, Helio Zangrossi Jr
Summary: Clinical and preclinical studies have shown that cannabidiol (CBD) has anxiolytic effects, but its effects on panic disorder and in females have been less explored. This study compared the effects of CBD on male and female rats and mice in response to panicogenic challenges. The results showed that CBD had panicolytic effects in female rats and mice, but not in males. In rats, the effects were influenced by the estrous cycle, with the most significant response in the late diestrus phase. Higher doses were required to elicit effects in mice, and the estrous cycle had no effect.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sohyeon Moon, Semi Hwang, Byeongseok Kim, Siyoung Lee, Hyoukjung Kim, Giwan Lee, Kwonho Hong, Hyuk Song, Youngsok Choi
Summary: In this review, the authors describe the association between the female reproductive system and the Hippo signaling pathway, as well as novel Hippo pathway genes and potential target genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Javed Iqbal, Maryam Bibi, Geng-Di Huang, Yan-Xue Xue, Jabbar Zaman Khan Khatttak, Mei Yang, Xiao-Jian Jia
Summary: This study examined the effect of estrogen (E2) on gene expression in the hippocampus of female rats by using RNA-seq technology. The results showed differential expression of 238 genes between the proestrus and diestrus stages, indicating that E2 levels may regulate the transcription process of these genes. Functional analysis revealed that genes involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, antigen processing, cell adhesion molecules, and presentation were upregulated during the proestrus stage, while genes related to bile secretion, coagulation cascades, osteoclast differentiation, cysteine and methionine metabolism were upregulated during the diestrus stage.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Florido, E. R. Velasco, C. M. Soto-Faguas, A. Gomez-Gomez, L. Perez-Caballero, P. Molina, R. Nadal, O. J. Pozo, C. A. Saura, R. Andero
Summary: Memory formation is crucial for brain function, and understanding the mechanisms behind it helps in understanding neural processes. The Tac2 pathway in the central amygdala plays a key role in fear memory consolidation, with opposite effects observed in male and female mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elif Tunc-Ozcan, Sarah M. Brooker, Jacqueline A. Bonds, Yung-Hsu Tsai, Radhika Rawat, Tammy L. McGuire, Chian-Yu Peng, John A. Kessler
Summary: Hippocampal BMP signaling is identified as a common pathway mediating the behavioral effects of multiple antidepressant classes and electroconvulsive therapy. Inhibition of hippocampal BMP signaling is shown to be both necessary and sufficient to mediate the effects of these treatments, involving a key role in neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura C. Fox, Jamie L. Scholl, Geralyn M. Palmer, Gina L. Forster, Michael J. Watt
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injuries (mild TBIs) commonly occur in young adults in high-stress environments. Sex differences have been observed in the development of post-concussive anxiety and PTSD-like behaviors. Progesterone, which has neuroprotective properties, does not effectively prevent psychological symptoms associated with mild TBI in male and female rats. Overall, both sex and estrous cycle contribute to psychological outcomes following mild TBI, and sex steroids may play a role as a moderator rather than a treatment for these symptoms.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Khalin E. Nisbett, Luis A. Gonzalez, Marina Teruel, C. Sue Carter, Leandro F. Vendruscolo, Michael E. Ragozzino, George F. Koob
Summary: The study found that oxytocin reduces anxiety- and depression-like behavior in both male and female mice, with a stronger effect observed in males. The effects of oxytocin varied across different estrous cycle phases and hormonal statuses in female mice.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nina E. Baumgartner, Mandy C. Biraud, Elizabeth K. Lucas
Summary: Socioemotional health is linked to improved cognitive and physical aging. However, the interactive effects between sex and aging on socioemotional outcomes are not well understood. In this study, we assessed sex differences in socioemotional behaviors in mice across aging and found that females showed decreased anxiety-like behavior and social preference, but increased social recognition compared to males. We also discovered age-related changes in genes related to microglia activation, angiogenesis, and cytokines in the ventral hippocampus, with sex differences in the timing, direction, and magnitude of these changes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lucas Silva Cortes, Henrique Spaulonci Silveira, Luiz Antonio Lupi, Talita de Mello Santos, Marilia Martins Cavariani, Raquel Fantin Domeniconi, Leticia Barbosa Gaiotte, Diego Augusto de Morais Oliveira, Luis Antonio Justulin, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
Summary: Maternal low protein diet significantly affects the nutritional parameters, estrous cycle, ovarian histomorphometry, and reproductive health of offspring, without altering the levels of intracellular regulatory molecules in adulthood.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ning Jiang, Hong Huang, Haixia Wang, Jingwei Lv, Guirong Zeng, Qiong Wang, Yu Bao, Ying Chen, Xin-Min Liu
Summary: The Shen Yuan prescription, comprising Panax ginseng and Polygala tenuifolia, has shown superior antidepressant activity compared with individual components. It successfully reversed depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) in mice, by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and activating the BDNF signaling pathway.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Delara Emtyazi, Thallita Kelly Rabelo, Hailey Katzman, Ana Carolina Campos, Mustansir Diwan, Darryl Gidyk, Patricia Rabelo dos Santos, Peter Giacobbe, Nir Lipsman, Isabelle Aubert, Clement Hamani
Summary: Studying sex differences in preclinical models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is significantly important. The study observed that female rats exposed to fear conditioning and extinction displayed reduced freezing during tone recall and a lower latency to feed in the novelty suppression of feeding (NSF) test. The different estrogen phases of the cycle did not affect the extinction performance of female rats. WE males and females showed increased freezing during tone and context recall, while WE males exhibited anxiety-like responses in the NSF test compared to SE animals. WE females buried fewer marbles than their SE counterparts. Further investigation is needed to validate these findings and understand the underlying mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shokouh Arjmand, Marie Vadstrup Pedersen, Nicole R. Silva, Anne M. Landau, Samia Joca, Gregers Wegener
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of sex and estrous/menstrual cycle on the antidepressant action of ketamine. The results showed that both male and female rats exhibited similar antidepressant effects of ketamine, and the fluctuations in the estrous cycle did not affect its efficacy. These findings provide important scientific evidence for the use of ketamine in treating depression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra L. Cara, Laura L. Burger, Bethany G. Beekly, Susan J. Allen, Emily L. Henson, Richard J. Auchus, Martin G. Myers, Suzanne M. Moenter, Carol F. Elias
Summary: Androgens are steroid hormones important for sexual differentiation and reproductive function. Excess androgens, however, can lead to polycystic ovary syndrome, causing fertility problems. They can also disrupt energy homeostasis and metabolic function. In this study, the researchers found that a certain population of leptin receptor neurons, which are critical for energy regulation and reproductive function, are directly affected by androgens. The study suggests that the effects of hyperandrogenism on sexual maturation and reproductive function in females are controlled by distinct neural circuits.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lindsay Ferguson, Christopher C. Giza, Rebecka O. Serpa, Tiffany Greco, Hannah Robert, Michael Folkerts, Mayumi L. Prins
Summary: Adolescence is a period marked by puberty onset, cognitive and social developments, and physical changes, with sex differences impacting athletic performance. Results from a study on adolescent rats engaging in 10 days of exercise show changes in physiological functions, with females exhibiting greater running distances and durations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)