Article
Neurosciences
Jenna N. Adams, Anne Maass, David Berron, Theresa M. Harrison, Suzanne L. Baker, Wesley P. Thomas, Morgan Stanfill, William J. Jagust
Summary: Tau deposition in aging and Alzheimer's disease affects medial temporal lobe (MTL) neural function, impacting repetition suppression. Different levels of tau pathology are associated with activity changes in distinct MTL subregions, with high tau pathology leading to widespread neural dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eva Berlot, Nicola J. Popp, Scott T. Grafton, Jorn Diedrichsen
Summary: In the context of motor sequence learning, fMRI studies revealed differences in neuronal representations between premotor and parietal regions compared to the primary motor cortex (M1). While M1 showed specific representation of the first finger of each sequence, parietal areas represented the identity of the entire sequence and remained relatively stable during different executions. This suggests that the RS effect in M1 reflects a preparatory signal for movement initiation rather than a trained sequence representation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Daniel Feuerriegel, Rufin Vogels, Gyula Kovacs
Summary: Recent research has identified confounding factors that may impact the true effects of expectation suppression, casting doubt on its findings across different experimental contexts. However, evidence for genuine expectation suppression was found in specific statistical learning designs.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anila M. D'Mello, Isabelle R. Frosch, Steven L. Meisler, Hannah Grotzinger, Tyler K. Perrachione, John D. E. Gabrieli
Summary: Repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to reduced neural response, known as repetition suppression, in brain regions responsible for processing that stimulus. This is believed to be important for learning and strengthening of perceptual expectations. Reduced sensitivity to repetition has been found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is thought to contribute to sensory hypersensitivities and difficulties in using regularities in the environment for behavior facilitation. In individuals with ASD, there are specific reductions in repetition suppression for face stimuli, which is associated with challenges in social communication. Altered functional connectivity and microstructural differences in related white matter tracts are also observed in ASD, indicating selective alterations in face processing.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno F. Cruz, Goncalo Guiomar, Sofia Soares, Asma Motiwala, Christian K. Machens, Joseph J. Paton
Summary: The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia play opposite roles in action suppression. Co-activation of neurons in the movement center and dorsolateral striatum is observed during action suppression. Optogenetic inhibition experiments demonstrate that the dorsolateral striatum is primarily involved in suppressing actions, while other striatal circuits promote contralateral actions. These findings highlight the importance of opponent interactions between region-specific basal ganglia processes in behavioral control, and emphasize the critical role of the sensorimotor indirect pathway in the proactive suppression of tempting actions.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Jonathan Schacherer, Eliot Hazeltine
Summary: The study found that response-repetition costs reflect a change in the representation of an action and that action selection is largely grounded in the anticipation of response-related outcomes.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marjorie Dole, Coriandre Vilain, Celise Haldin, Monica Baciu, Emilie Cousin, Laurent Lamalle, Helene Loevenbruck, Anne Vilain, Jean-Luc Schwartz
Summary: This study shows that the human cortex exhibits a pattern of auditory-narrow motor-wide selectivity for speech sound representations, with temporal areas being more sensitive to acoustic variations and frontal areas being more tolerant of atypical stimuli.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mukesh Makwana, Fan Zhang, Dietmar Heinke, Joo-Hyun Song
Summary: This study demonstrates the dynamic interplay between prior selection history, target facilitation, and distractor inhibition in guiding goal-directed actions. The findings emphasize the necessity of integrating visual attentional selection with adaptive actions in complex environments.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler J. Adkins, Taraz G. Lee
Summary: The study found that people perform actions more quickly and accurately when offered a large reward, which may enhance performance by improving neural representations of actions used in motor planning.
Article
Neurosciences
Christian Seegelke, Carolin Schonard, Tobias Heed
Summary: The study found that using the same limb consecutively facilitates the initiation of successive actions, indicating effector-specific repetition effects. This advantage was still present even when the two movements involved different directions, whether specified egocentrically or allocentrically.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Freya A. Lygo, Bruno Richard, Alex R. Wade, Antony B. Morland, Daniel H. Baker
Summary: This study tested neural contrast responses in individuals with impaired binocular vision, finding that participants with a history of amblyopia showed significantly suppressed neural responses in both EEG and fMRI measurements, likely due to unbalanced dynamic suppression between the eyes.
Article
Neurosciences
Justyna O. Ekert, Andrea Gajardo-Vidal, Diego L. Lorca-Puls, Thomas M. H. Hope, Fred Dick, Jennifer T. Crinion, David W. Green, Cathy J. Price
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and left temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) both contribute to phonological short-term memory, speech perception and speech production. The study further dissociated the response profiles of these regions and highlighted their distinct roles in speech processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giovanni Leone, Charlotte Postel, Alison Mary, Florence Fraisse, Thomas Vallee, Fausto Viader, Vincent de La Sayette, Denis Peschanski, Jaques Dayan, Francis Eustache, Pierre Gagnepain
Summary: This study combines computational modeling and brain connectivity analyses to investigate the influence of predictions of future threat on memory recall, specifically in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings reveal that individuals with PTSD have exaggerated predictive control and reduced reactive control, leading to maladaptive avoidance behaviors. The imbalance in prediction and control mechanisms is linked to the severity of avoidance symptoms in PTSD patients. These findings highlight a potential pathological mechanism occurring in individuals with PTSD, providing insights into the relationship between the brain's predictive and control mechanisms.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florian Sandhaeger, Nina Omejc, Anna-Antonia Pape, Markus Siegel
Summary: This study demonstrates that the human brain encodes perceptual choices in an abstract manner independent of specific motor actions, even if not required by the task context. These choice representations are invariant to response mapping, distinct from motor signals, and influenced by stimuli, with their strength predicting decision confidence and accuracy.
Article
Neurosciences
Vasilis M. Karlaftis, Joseph Giorgio, Elisa Zamboni, Polytimi Frangou, Reuben Rideaux, Joseph J. Ziminski, Zoe Kourtzi
Summary: The brain's ability to adapt to sensory inputs is crucial for efficient processing of sensory information in new environments. This study combines brain imaging and behavioral measures to investigate the mechanisms supporting adaptive processing, revealing interactions between sensory-adaptation and perceptual-memory networks that play a key role in efficient sensory processing and behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
Kenneth F. Valyear, Benjamin A. Philip, Carmen M. Cirstea, Pin-Wei Chen, Nathan A. Baune, Noah Marchal, Scott H. Frey
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gesa Elena Albertine Pust, Benthe Untiedt, Roland Weierstall-Pust, Jennifer Randerath, Anna Barabasch, Anne Christin Rahn, Christoph Heesen
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin A. Philip, Mark P. McAvoy, Scott H. Frey
Summary: The study identified right superior parietal lobule as potentially key in supporting compensation with the left hand, predicting left-hand skill learning through convergent functional connections from the left primary motor cortex and left intraparietal sulcus.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jennifer Randerath, Lisa Finkel, Cheryl Shigaki, Joe Burris, Ashish Nanda, Peter Hwang, Scott H. Frey
Summary: This study investigated the impact of left or right hemisphere injuries on judgments of reachability in stroke patients. While there were no significant differences in perceptual sensitivity and accuracy between groups, left brain damaged patients showed no clear judgment tendency, possibly related to damage in specific brain regions.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gesa E. A. Pust, Jennifer Randerath, Lutz Goetzmann, Roland Weierstall, Michael Korzinski, Stefan M. Gold, Christian Dettmers, Barbara Ruettner, Roger Schmidt
Summary: Fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis may be related to early childhood adversities and psychological trait variables, representing maladaptive coping with intense emotions. Patients with avoidant/submissive and avoidant/overcompensatory coping styles tend to experience more severe fatigue and depression symptoms, although they do not differ in physical disability from patients with low maladaptive coping.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Gregory Kroliczak, Mikolaj Buchwald, Pawel Kleka, Michal Klichowski, Weronika Potok, Agnieszka M. Nowik, Jennifer Randerath, Brian J. Piper
Summary: The study found that atypical organization of praxis was present in all handedness groups, and was about two and a half times as common as atypical organization of language. Despite strong associations of praxis and language, dissociations of atypically represented praxis from typical left-lateralized language were common, while the inverse dissociations were very rare.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nina Rohrbach, Carmen Krewer, Lisa Loehnert, Annika Thierfelder, Jennifer Randerath, Klaus Jahn, Joachim Hermsdoerfer
Summary: The study showed that limb apraxia patients performed better in pantomiming tool use when using augmented reality and dynamic cues, with their performance approaching that of real tool demonstration. Good visual stimuli can enhance patients' pantomiming ability.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Benjamin A. Philip, Madeline R. Thompson, Nathan A. Baune, Maureen Hyde, Susan E. Mackinnon
Summary: Individuals with unilateral upper extremity peripheral nerve injury do not compensate with their unaffected nondominant hand, even if it is more dexterous. For patients unlikely to recover function with the injured hand, they could benefit from rehabilitation that encourages compensation with the nondominant hand.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sarah E. M. Stoll, Lisa Finkel, Ilka Buchmann, Thomas Hassa, Stefan Spiteri, Joachim Liepert, Jennifer Randerath
Summary: Lesions in the left brain hemisphere have a more pronounced impact on tool use impairments, with selection and application-related aspects of familiar versus novel tools behaviorally and neuroanatomically differentiated; affected selection processes are linked to anterior lesions, while impacted application processes are associated with posterior lesion maps.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Konstantin Leibinger, Isabel Bauer, Milena Goelz, Sarah Stoll, Melanie Tempfli, Steffen Aschenbrenner, Jennifer Randerath
Summary: This article discusses the career prospects for future nonlicensed clinical neuropsychologists as scientist-practitioners, proposing a combined scientific and clinical qualification as an option and exploring current qualification paths and potential future developments.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aoife M. Fitzpatrick, Neil M. Dundon, Kenneth F. Valyear
Summary: The current study used high frequency TMS to test a model of hand choice, but found no effects of cTBS on hand choice, in contrast to prior brain stimulation findings. The results suggest that the posterior parietal cortex may not play a causal role in hand choice.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Milena S. Goelz, Lisa Finkel, Rebecca Kehlbeck, Anne Herschbach, Isabel Bauer, Jean P. P. Scheib, Oliver Deussen, Jennifer Randerath
Summary: The proper evaluation of affordance judgments is crucial for decision-making, and virtual environments (VEs) provide an opportunity for efficient trainings. This study investigated how affordance judgments are made in VEs compared to physical environments (PEs). The results showed that while accuracy was equivalent between VE and PE, perceptual sensitivity and judgment tendency varied. Training in VE improved judgment accuracy within VE and showed promising potential for transfer to PE. Future studies should focus on enhancing equivalence and transferability between VEs and PEs in judging action opportunities.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jean P. P. Scheib, Sarah E. M. Stoll, Jennifer Randerath
Summary: This study investigated whether older adults can benefit from a rule-based approach to action selection, similar to young healthy adults. The results showed that there was an increase in the difference in reaction time between rule-based and plan-based action selection with age. However, there were individual differences among older adults, with some showing faster performance in the rule task and others showing more efficiency in the plan task.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alexa Kupferschmitt, Michael Joebges, Jennifer Randerath, Thilo Hinterberger, Thomas H. Loew, Volker Koellner
Summary: Depressive symptoms significantly decrease during post-COVID rehabilitation, while improvement in cognitive impairment is not evident. Specific treatment is needed for persistent neuropsychological deficits following rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah E. M. Stoll, Leonie Mack, Jean P. P. Scheib, Jens Pruessner, Jennifer Randerath
Summary: Efficient movement selection is crucial in everyday activities. This study suggests that our stress system might influence this function, particularly for plan-based approaches. Variations in parasympathetic activity appear to be disadvantageous for improving plan-based movement selection, while performance in rule-based movement selection tasks remains relatively unaffected.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)