Article
Neurosciences
Maria Teresa Mendoza-Medialdea, Elisabeth Ruiz-Padial
Summary: The study of the effects of fear and disgust on automatic attention capture is gaining interest. Most findings show that disgust stimuli capture exogenous attention more efficiently than fear stimuli, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the differential processing of disgust and fear scenes by manipulating their spatial frequency in an exogenous attention task.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily S. Kappenman, Jaclyn L. Farrens, Wendy Zhang, Andrew X. Stewart, Steven J. Luck
Summary: ERP CORE is a resource that includes optimized paradigms, experiment control scripts, data processing pipelines, and sample data for seven common ERP components. This resource enables researchers to use standardized ERP paradigms, apply carefully designed analysis pipelines, rigorously assess the quality of their data, and test new analytic techniques with standardized data from a wide range of paradigms.
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Bufacchi, C. Magri, G. Novembre, G. D. Iannetti
Summary: Spatial EEG filters are critical for isolating event-related potential (ERP) components in brain studies. While stationary filters are simple and commonly used, they mistakenly assume that stimulus-induced EEG responses are stationary. On the other hand, adaptive filters do not make this assumption but require solid statistical and physiological knowledge for proper interpretation. A new adaptive filter called local spatial analysis (LSA) has been introduced to bridge this gap, showing superior performance in identifying ERP components compared to traditional stationary filters. You can access the free MATLAB implementation of the LSA filter at https://www.iannettilab.net/lsa.html or https://github.com/rorybufacchi/LSA-filter.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Juliane Traxler, Andreas von Leupoldt, Johan W. S. Vlaeyen
Summary: Pain can be seen as a signal of bodily error that activates defensive systems and leads to avoidance behavior. However, contrary to findings in anxiety disorders, individuals with higher ERN amplitudes showed lower levels of avoidance behavior during early acquisition and slower learning to avoid pain.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Elena Gherri, Felicity White, Edmond Venables
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of tactile spatial attention around the current attentional focus. Participants were cued to attend to different body locations and response to infrequent tactile targets. It was found that when participants focused on the hand, attention modulated the sensory-specific P100 and N140 components, followed by a longer latency Nd component. However, when participants focused on the shoulder, attentional resources were unable to be restricted to the cued location, indicating an attentional gradient. Additionally, the size of the attentional focus affected the effects of tactile spatial attention, with reduced attentional resources for a wider attentional focus observed.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiaqi Wang, Junfeng Sun, Chunbo Li, Shanbao Tong, Xiangfei Hong
Summary: This study investigated factors affecting aging effects on visual spatial attention and found that low pre-cue alpha exhibited similar patterns of alpha activity between older adults and young adults, while significant alpha activity was only observed in young adults with high pre-cue alpha. Age-related deficits in cue-related event-related potentials were relatively independent of pre-cue alpha, but deficits in target-related attentional modulation might depend on both pre-cue alpha and cueing strategy.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Brent Pitchford, Karen M. Arnell
Summary: The study found that while interindividual differences in ERPs at Time 1 did not predict attentional breadth differences across individuals at Time 1, individual differences in changes to P1, N1, and P3 ERPs to hierarchical stimuli from Time 1 to Time 2 were associated with individual differences in changes in attentional breadth from Time 1 to Time 2.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Prune Mazer, Ines Macedo, Tiago O. Paiva, Fernando Ferreira-Santos, Rita Pasion, Fernando Barbosa, Pedro Almeida, Celeste Silveira, Cassilda Cunha-Reis, Joao Marques-Teixeira
Summary: The study used a roving paradigm to assess the modulation and habituation of N1 and P2 to simple and complex sounds in first-episode schizophrenia patients and healthy participants. The results showed that patients exhibited abnormal habituation to bird songs, while showing preserved auditory processing of human voices.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Chiara Penengo, Chiara Colli, Carolina Bonivento, Andrea Boscutti, Matteo Balestrieri, Giuseppe Delvecchio, Paolo Brambilla
Summary: This review summarizes ERP studies on BPD, finding altered positive ERP amplitudes, latencies, and loudness dependence in BPD patients, possibly reflecting deficits in attention and executive functions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Irina Schierholz, Constanze Schoenermark, Esther Ruigendijk, Andrej Kral, Bruno Kopp, Andreas Buechner
Summary: The study found that post-lingually deafened CI users exhibit enhanced attention allocation to auditory oddball stimuli. However, there were similar attentional modulations in other ERP amplitudes between CI users and NH controls.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Gemma Learmonth, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
Summary: The study found that adults aged 50 and above exhibit a leftward bias in the line bisection task, but no spatial bias in the landmark task. More research is needed to determine whether this bias can be modulated by stimulus- or state-dependent factors.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anne B. Arnett, Virginia Peisch, April R. Levin
Summary: This study investigates the associations between aperiodic spectral slope and three aspects of neurocognition: event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes, cognitive load, and task performance. The results suggest that background oscillatory activity is dynamic and changes in response to varying levels of task relevance and increasing cognitive load. Furthermore, children with ADHD show reduced aperiodic dynamics in addition to attenuated ERP amplitudes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
L. A. Hager, J. Asberg Johnels, J. D. Kropotov, B. Weidle, S. Hollup, P. G. Zehentbauer, C. Gillberg, E. Billstedt, G. Ogrim
Summary: ADHD is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with lacking objective markers for clinical assessment. A diagnostic index combining behavioral test scores and ERPs was computed to discriminate between ADHD patients and typically developing children with large effect sizes. This index has the potential to support assessment and further research on diagnostic indexes for differential diagnoses is needed.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chengwei Shen, Qi Jiang, Yan Luo, Ji Long, Xiujuan Tai, Shuqing Liu
Summary: Previous studies have found inhibitory deficits in dyslexic children, with differences in brain activation patterns between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children during the Stroop color-word test. Dyslexic children have poorer inhibitory function which may be related to their abnormal brain activation patterns.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Roisin McMackin, Stefan Dukic, Emmet Costello, Marta Pinto-Grau, Orla Keenan, Antonio Fasano, Teresa Buxo, Mark Heverin, Richard Reilly, Niall Pender, Orla Hardiman, Bahman Nasseroleslami
Summary: The study identified higher anticipation in ALS patients compared to healthy controls during the SART task. Decreased beta-band event-related desynchronization was found in ALS patients, not related to task performance. Patients with higher ALS-specific scores demonstrated stronger beta-band event-related synchronization upon successful withholding.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gemma Learmonth, Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Gesine Marker, Diana Dascalu, Matthew Checketts, Celestine Santosh, Mark Barber, Matthew Walters, Keith W. Muir, Monika Harvey
Summary: A clinical feasibility trial of transcranial direct current stimulation and a behavioural rehabilitation programme was conducted on stroke patients with neglect, showing poor feasibility of hospital-based tDCS interventions over a sustained time period in a UK healthcare setting. Future trials should consider the intensity, duration, and location of tDCS neglect interventions.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher Turner, Catherine Jackson, Gemma Learmonth
Summary: Higher intensity (2 mA) current during transcranial direct current stimulation can exacerbate differences between active and sham stimulation. The traditional end-of-study guess poorly reflects participants' sensitivity to stimulation and may not be a valid method for assessing sham blinding.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Magda Mustile, Dimitrios Kourtis, Simon Ladouce, Gemma Learmonth, Martin G. Edwards, David I. Donaldson, Magdalena Ietswaart
Summary: The study reports mobile EEG data collected from 32 healthy young adults during real-world walking with obstacle avoidance tasks, revealing distinct neural markers of proactive and reactive movement control mechanisms in response to expected and unexpected obstacles.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Monika Harvey, Gemma Learmonth, Stephanie Rossit, Peii Chen
Summary: It is becoming increasingly clear that more people will be affected by stroke in the coming years, regardless of whether it is related to COVID-19 or not. Neglect, with its prevalence, will continue to have a significant impact on many lives. This article aims to contribute to the potential amelioration of neglect by highlighting the latest research on neglect diagnosis, prevalence, and treatment.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Andra Coldea, Monika Harvey, Gregor Thut
Summary: Pre-stimulus oscillatory neural activity, particularly in the alpha/beta frequency bands, shows an inverse relationship with subjective perceptual awareness but not objective discrimination accuracy in visual tasks. This dissociation is confirmed when stricter accuracy measures are used, highlighting pre-stimulus alpha power as a neural predictor of visual awareness.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yuri G. Pavlov, Nika Adamian, Stefan Appelhoff, Mahnaz Arvaneh, Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Christian Beste, Amy R. Bland, Daniel E. Bradford, Florian Bublatzky, Niko A. Busch, Peter E. Clayson, Damian Cruse, Artur Czeszumski, Anna Dreber, Guillaume Dumas, Benedikt Ehinger, Giorgio Ganis, Xun He, Jose A. Hinojosa, Christoph Huber-Huber, Michael Inzlicht, Bradley N. Jack, Magnus Johannesson, Rhiannon Jones, Evgenii Kalenkovich, Laura Kaltwasser, Hamid Karimi-Rouzbahani, Andreas Keil, Peter Konig, Layla Kouara, Louisa Kulke, Cecile D. Ladouceur, Nicolas Langer, Heinrich R. Liesefeld, David Luque, Annmarie MacNamara, Liad Mudrik, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Lauren B. Neal, Gustav Nilsonne, Guiomar Niso, Sebastian Ocklenburg, Robert Oostenveld, Cyril R. Pernet, Gilles Pourtois, Manuela Ruzzoli, Sarah M. Sass, Alexandre Schaefer, Magdalena Senderecka, Joel S. Snyder, Christian K. Tamnes, Emmanuelle Tognoli, Marieke K. van Vugt, Edelyn Verona, Robin Vloeberghs, Dominik Welke, Jan R. Wessel, Ilya Zakharov, Faisal Mushtaq
Summary: There is a recognition in the neuroscience community that enhancing the replicability of studies on the relationship between brain activity and cognitive phenomena requires high statistical power and standardized analysis pipelines. In response, the #EEGManyLabs project has been launched to replicate key findings from influential EEG studies through international collaboration. The project aims to update confidence in EEG discoveries, create an open access database for future research, and promote a cultural shift towards inclusive, high-powered multi-laboratory collaborations.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Gemma Learmonth, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
Summary: The study found that adults aged 50 and above exhibit a leftward bias in the line bisection task, but no spatial bias in the landmark task. More research is needed to determine whether this bias can be modulated by stimulus- or state-dependent factors.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Raquel E. London, Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Roberto Cecere, Michel Quak, Gregor Thut, Durk Talsma
Summary: In this study, the relationship between pre-stimulus alpha oscillations and temporal discrimination sensitivity was examined. The results showed that lower alpha power was associated with higher temporal sensitivity of audiovisual discrimination for above-threshold stimuli. No significant relationship was found between instantaneous alpha frequency and temporal sensitivity. This suggests that temporal sensitivity for multisensory stimuli fluctuates and can be indexed by alpha power modulation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Christian Keitel, Manuela Ruzzoli, Laura Dugue, Niko A. Busch, Christopher S. Y. Benwell
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Danishta Kaul, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Gemma Learmonth
Summary: Meta-analyses have shown that there are subtle, group-level asymmetries of spatial attention in adults favoring the left hemispace. However, there has been no meta-analysis on children. This study performed a meta-analysis on spatial biases in children aged ≤16 years and found that pseudoneglect may be present in children but is dependent on individual characteristics (sex) and/or task demands (hand used).
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Rachael Beyer, Francis Wallington, Robin A. A. Ince
Summary: Human decision-making and self-reflection are influenced by context and internal biases. Previous choices can affect decisions regardless of their relevance. Using information and detection theories, we found that both perception and metacognition are biased towards preceding responses. We observed dissociations that challenge normative theories of confidence, with different evidence levels informing perceptual and metacognitive decisions and response history influencing first- and second-order decision-parameters.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Aimee A. Flores-Sandoval, Paula Davila-Perez, Stephanie S. Buss, Kevin Donohoe, Margaret O'Connor, Mouhsin M. Shafi, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Christopher S. Y. Benwell, Peter J. Fried
Summary: Adopting preventive strategies in individuals with subclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) has the potential to delay dementia onset and reduce healthcare costs. It is important to identify inexpensive, scalable, sensitive, and specific markers to track disease progression. The electroencephalography spectral power ratio (SPR) shows potential in aiding clinical practice but its sensitivity to pathophysiological changes in the prodromal stage of AD is unclear.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Adela Bunaciu, Ana-Maria Bliuc, David Best, Emily A. Hennessy, Matthew J. Belanger, Christopher S. Y. Benwell
Summary: Recovery capital theory provides a framework for measuring strengths and barriers in alcohol and drug addiction recovery. This systematic review found 69 studies that measured recovery capital, with 46 studies using recovery capital questionnaires and 25 studies using other measurement approaches. The development of recovery capital questionnaires and alternative measurement approaches are important for understanding and supporting addiction recovery.
ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Catherine Jackson, Christopher Turner, Gemma Learmonth
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
