期刊
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
卷 109, 期 -, 页码 13-23出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.005
关键词
SK channels; Cell death; Mitochondria; Neuroprotection
资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DO 1525/3-1]
- Rosalind Franklin Fellowship
- European Union
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
Ca2+-activated K+ (K-ca) channels regulate after-hyperpolarization in many types of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (K(ca)2/SK) channels, a subfamily of Kca channels, are widely expressed in the nervous system, and in the cardiovascular system. Voltage independent SK channels are activated by alterations in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+](i)) which facilitates the opening of these channels through binding of Ca2+ to calmodulin that is constitutively bound to the SK2 C-terminus. In neurons, SK channels regulate synaptic plasticity and [Ca2+](i) homeostasis, and a number of recent studies elaborated on the emerging neuroprotective potential of SK channel activation in conditions of excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative cell death. Recently, SK channels were discovered in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum which sheds new light on the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in SK channel-mediated protective effects. In this review, we will discuss the protective properties of pharmacological SK channel modulation with particular emphasis on intracellularly located SK channels as potential therapeutic targets in paradigms of neuronal dysfunction. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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