期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 13, 期 10, 页码 938-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS4189
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation under CAREER Grant [PHY-1056620]
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration [1553641, 1531033, 1465360]
- DARPA [N66001-12-1-4232]
- NSF CAREER Award [PHY-1145525]
- NASA ATP grant [NNX11AI95G]
- Charles E. Kaufman Foundation of the Pittsburgh Foundation
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J3680]
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1145525] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J3680] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
Traditional gravity measurements use bulk masses to both source and probe gravitational fields(1). Matter-wave interferometers enable the use of probe masses as small as neutrons(2), atoms(3) and molecular clusters(4), but still require fields generated by masses ranging from hundreds of kilograms(5,6) to the entire Earth. Shrinking the sources would enable versatile configurations, improve positioning accuracy, enable tests for beyond-standard-model ('fifth') forces, and allow observation of non-classical effects of gravity. Here we detect the gravitational force between freely falling caesium atoms and an in- vacuum, miniature (centimetre-sized, 0.19 kg) source mass using atom interferometry. Sensitivity down to gravitational strength forces accesses the natural scale(7) for a wide class of cosmologically motivated scalar field models(8,9) of modified gravity and dark energy. We improve the limits on two such models, chameleons(9) and symmetrons(10,11), by over two orders of magnitude. We expect further tests of dark energy theories, and measurements of Newton's gravitational constant and the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect(12).
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