Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Umberto Celano, Hai Zhong, Florin Ciubotaru, Laurentiu Stoleriu, Alexander Stark, Peter Rickhaus, Felipe Favaro de Oliveira, Mathieu Munsch, Paola Favia, Maxim Korytov, Patricia Van Marcke, Patrick Maletinsky, Christoph Adelmann, Paul van der Heide
Summary: In this study, nonperturbative field distribution mapping in ultra-scaled magnetic nanowires with diameters down to 6 nm was achieved using scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry, enabling localized, minimally invasive magnetic imaging with sensitivity down to 3 μT Hz(-1/2). The imaging revealed the presence of weak magnetic inhomogeneities inside in-plane magnetized nanowires, largely undetectable with standard metrology. The strong magnetic field confinement in the nanowires allowed for the study of the interaction between the stray magnetic field and the nitrogen-vacancy sensor, clarifying the formation mechanisms for technologically relevant magnetic nanostructures.
Article
Physics, Applied
G. J. Abrahams, S. C. Scholten, A. J. Healey, I. O. Robertson, N. Dontschuk, S. Q. Lim, B. C. Johnson, D. A. Simpson, L. C. L. Hollenberg, J-P Tetienne
Summary: By developing a practical solution for minimizing NV-sample standoff, a compact widefield NV microscope was successfully used to image an ultrathin magnetic film test sample with improved spatial resolution. This work paves the way for future improvements to approach the optical diffraction limit in widefield NV microscopy for routine high-throughput mapping of magnetic fields.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hossein T. Dinani, Enrique Munoz, Jeronimo R. Maze
Summary: This theoretical work proposes using the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond as a nanosensor to detect electrochemical signals from an electrolyte solution, thus obtaining a concentration sensor. By measuring the inhomogeneous dephasing rate of the electron spin of the NV center, the concentration of ions can be estimated for a range of mean ionic concentrations in the solution.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oliver Roman Opaluch, Nimba Oshnik, Richard Nelz, Elke Neu
Summary: The study introduces a planar, omega-shaped microwave antenna based on stripline for spin control of NV color centers in diamond. An optimal antenna design was found through finite integral simulations, and antennas were successfully fabricated on a glass substrate, creating highly uniform microwave fields.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Kollarics, F. Simon, A. Bojtor, K. Koltai, G. Klujber, M. Szieberth, B. G. Markus, D. Beke, K. Kamaras, A. Gali, D. Amirari, R. Berry, S. Boucher, D. Gavryushkin, G. Jeschke, J. P. Cleveland, S. Takahashi, P. Szirmai, L. Forro, E. Emmanouilidou, R. Singh, K. Holczer
Summary: High concentration of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers was successfully created in diamond single crystals containing approximately 100 ppm nitrogen using electron and neutron irradiation and subsequent thermal annealing. The formation process and properties of NV- centers were observed, with about 25% of vacancies forming NVs during the annealing process, and high precision measurement of hyperfine and quadrupole coupling constants was achieved using EPR techniques.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lillian B. Hughes, Zhiran Zhang, Chang Jin, Simon A. Meynell, Bingtian Ye, Weijie Wu, Zilin Wang, Emily J. Davis, Thomas E. Mates, Norman Y. Yao, Kunal Mukherjee, Ania C. Bleszynski C. Jayich
Summary: Using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition epitaxial growth with delta-doping, we have successfully engineered dense 2D nitrogen and NV layers with a density of 1 ppm·nm. We characterized the density and dimensionality of the P1 and NV layers using traditional materials techniques and NV spin decoherence-based measurements. The P1 density was found to be between 5-10 ppm·nm, the NV density can be tuned to 1-3.5 ppm·nm by electron irradiation dosage, and the depth confinement of the spin layer is approximately 1.6 nm. We also observed a high ratio of NV to P1 centers up to 0.74 and reproducibly long NV coherence times, mainly influenced by dipolar interactions with the engineered P1 and NV spin baths.
Article
Physics, Applied
Peng Qian, Xue Lin, Feifei Zhou, Runchuan Ye, Yunlan Ji, Bing Chen, Guangjun Xie, Nanyang Xu
Summary: Machine learning method can optimize the precision of light readout and extract information, providing the best data processing model by learning time-resolved fluorescence data, reducing readout errors and optimizing contrast.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brecht G. Simon, Samer Kurdi, Joris J. Carmiggelt, Michael Borst, Allard J. Katan, Toeno van der Sar
Summary: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) magnetometry is a new technique for imaging spin waves in magnetic materials. It uses microwave magnetic stray fields to detect spin waves, which decay evanescently on the scale of the spin-wavelength. In this study, nanoscale control of a single NV sensor is used as a wavelength filter to characterize frequency-degenerate spin waves excited by a microstrip in a thin-film magnetic insulator. The results show that despite the one-dimensional microstrip geometry, in-contact scans at low drive power occupy the entire isofrequency contour of the two-dimensional spin-wave dispersion.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Savvin, Alexander Dormidonov, Evgeniya Smetanina, Vladimir Mitrokhin, Evgeniy Lipatov, Dmitriy Genin, Sergey Potanin, Alexander Yelisseyev, Viktor Vins
Summary: The authors successfully demonstrated lasing in (NV-) centers in diamond, achieving improved laser efficiency by fine-tuning the pump conditions to reduce photoionization. Investigation into lasing conditions and gain saturation was conducted under high-power laser pulse pumping of diamond crystal.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhang, Yuhang Guo, Wentao Ji, Mengqi Wang, Jun Yin, Fei Kong, Yiheng Lin, Chunming Yin, Fazhan Shi, Ya Wang, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is crucial for achieving high-fidelity single-shot readout of qubits, with a new spin-to-charge conversion method introduced to suppress spin-flip errors. This technique shows potential for exceeding fault-tolerant thresholds and may have applications in integrated optoelectronic devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erin S. Grant, Liam T. Hall, Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg, Gawain McColl, David A. Simpson
Summary: In this study, the magnetic properties of ferritin, the primary storage protein in the body, were systematically studied using diamond-based quantum spin relaxometry. An anomalous magnetic behavior was observed at relatively low iron loads due to a morphological change in the iron core of ferritin. The inclusion of this morphological change in a theoretical model was supported by electron microscopy studies and provided evidence for the magnetic consequence of the morphological change.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tianqi Zhu, Jan Rhensius, Konstantin Herb, Viraj Damle, Gabriel Puebla-Hellmann, Christian L. Degen, Erika Janitz
Summary: The research team addressed the poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) issue of optical spin-readout techniques by coupling individual NV centers to optimized diamond nanopillars, leading to improved collection efficiency of fluorescence. The optimized devices showed increased SNR and were compatible with low-numerical-aperture collection optics and a reduced tip radius, reducing experimental overhead and improving spatial resolution for scanning applications.
Article
Physics, Applied
P. Raecke, L. Pietzonka, J. Meijer, D. Spemann, R. Wunderlich
Summary: NV centers in diamond were engineered by introducing vacancies locally through argon ion implantation in type Ib diamond with subsequent annealing. The number of NV centers created from vacancies of a single implanted argon ion ranges from 0.04 to 0.79 depending on the ion energy. The diffusion of vacancies during annealing plays a significant role in NV yield behavior.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Laura Kim, Hyeongrak Choi, Matthew E. Trusheim, Dirk R. Englund
Summary: This study demonstrates the enhancement of IR absorption in NV singlet state by introducing a resonant diamond metallodielectric metasurface, which improves the sensitivity of spin readout. The proposed plasmonic quantum sensing metasurface supports plasmonic surface lattice resonances, concentrating the optical field near the diamond surface to optimize spin readout sensitivity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael S. J. Barson, Lachlan M. Oberg, Liam P. McGuinness, Andrej Denisenko, Neil B. Manson, Jorg Wrachtrup, Marcus W. Doherty
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using NV centers for nanoscale electric field imaging with high sensitivity, showing near single-charge sensitivity and subelementary charge detection. The results provide motivation for further sensing and imaging of electric fields using NV centers in diamond.
Article
Physics, Applied
Alexander Eichler, Toni L. Heugel, Anina Leuch, Christian L. Degen, R. Chitra, Oded Zilberberg
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2018)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Toni L. Heugel, Matthias Oscity, Alexander Eichler, Oded Zilberberg, R. Chitra
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
U. Grob, M. D. Krass, M. Heritier, R. Pachlatko, J. Rhensius, J. Kosata, B. A. Moores, H. Takahashi, A. Eichler, C. L. Degen
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Martin Frimmer, Toni L. Heugel, Ziga Nosan, Felix Tebbenjohanns, David Halg, Abdulkadir Akin, Christian L. Degen, Lukas Novotny, R. Chitra, Oded Zilberberg, Alexander Eichler
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jan Kosata, Oded Zilberberg, Christian L. Degen, R. Chitra, Alexander Eichler
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2020)
Article
Physics, Applied
David Halg, Thomas Gisler, Yeghishe Tsaturyan, Letizia Catalini, Urs Grob, Marc-Dominik Krass, Martin Heritier, Hinrich Mattiat, Ann-Katrin Thamm, Romana Schirhagl, Eric C. Langman, Albert Schliesser, Christian L. Degen, Alexander Eichler
Summary: The study reports the development of a scanning force microscope based on an ultrasensitive silicon nitride membrane optomechanical transducer. In this instrument, the substrate vibrates while the scanning tip remains at rest, demonstrating excellent force sensitivity even when loaded with samples. The prospects and limitations of the instrument as a quantum-limited force sensor and imaging tool are discussed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Martin Heritier, Raphael Pachlatko, Ye Tao, John M. Abendroth, Christian L. Degen, Alexander Eichler
Summary: This study reports spatially resolved measurements of static and fluctuating electric fields over conductive and nonconductive surfaces, revealing their spatial correlation and similar magnitudes for the two materials. The observed effects are quantitatively described based on trapped surface charges and dielectric fluctuations in an adsorbate layer, with implications for various applications involving surface dissipation.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
David Halg, Thomas Gisler, Eric C. Langman, Shobhna Misra, Oded Zilberberg, Albert Schliesser, Christian L. Degen, Alexander Eichler
Summary: We demonstrate the parametric coupling between two modes of a silicon nitride membrane by applying an oscillating voltage to a sharp metal tip near the membrane surface. The modes exchange energy periodically and faster than their free energy decay rate when the voltage oscillation frequency matches the mode frequency difference. This flexible method can be useful for rapid state control and transfer between modes, and is an important step towards parametric spin sensing experiments with membrane resonators.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bo Xu, Pengcheng Zhang, Jiankai Zhu, Zuheng Liu, Alexander Eichler, Xu-Qian Zheng, Jaesung Lee, Aneesh Dash, Swapnil More, Song Wu, Yanan Wang, Hao Jia, Akshay Naik, Adrian Bachtold, Rui Yang, Philip X. -L. Feng, Zenghui Wang
Summary: The pursuit of miniaturizing and manipulating movable structures and machines has led to important discoveries and innovations, especially at the nanoscale. These tiny movable structures hold great potential for both fundamental research and engineering applications.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Gisler, Mohamed Helal, Deividas Sabonis, Urs Grob, Martin Heritier, Christian L. Degen, Amir H. Ghadimi, Alexander Eichler
Summary: Soft-clamped silicon nitride strings with a large aspect ratio can operate at mK temperatures, with mechanical modes reaching high quality factors at around 46 mK. The study shows consistent dependency of quality factors on cryostat temperature, with saturation observed for low optical readout power. The best device exhibited excellent force sensitivity and thermal decoherence time, indicating promising potential for future applications like nanomechanical force sensing.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Marc-Dominik Krass, Nils Prumbaum, Raphael Pachlatko, Urs Grob, Hiroki Takahashi, Yohei Yamauchi, Christian L. Degen, Alexander Eichler
Summary: This article presents an experiment using a cantilever with dominant interaction between the tip and surface, known as overcoupling, for ultrasensitive measurements such as nano-MRI. The authors discuss strategies to overcome the challenges of overcoupling and demonstrate proton nano-MRI measurements of individual influenza virus particles.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Eichler
Summary: This article highlights the significance of nanomechanical resonators in fundamental research and explores their potential applications in detecting electron and nuclear spins. It also identifies the challenges that need to be overcome before this vision can be realized.
MATERIALS FOR QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Toni L. Heugel, Oded Zilberberg, Christian Marty, R. Chitra, Alexander Eichler
Summary: In this study, we experimentally and theoretically analyze two coupled parametrons. We find that the system can still function as an Ising machine even with strong bilinear coupling and detuning, and new states of mixed symmetry are generated. We predict that systems with more than two parametrons will undergo multiple phase transitions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Z. Nosan, P. Marki, N. Hauff, C. Knaut, A. Eichler
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Minkyung Jung, Peter Rickhaus, Simon Zihlmann, Alexander Eichler, Peter Makk, Christian Schonenberger