Article
Biology
Zhi-Kang Zhang, Xin-Cun Wang, Wen-Ying Zhuang, Xian-Hao Cheng, Peng Zhao
Summary: Talaromyces species are found worldwide, with industrial importance but also pathogenic potential. Two new Talaromyces species were discovered in southwestern China, enhancing the understanding and potential use of the genus. China plays a significant role in global biodiversity and conservation efforts.
Article
Microbiology
Thuong T. T. Nguyen, Jens Christian Frisvad, Paul M. Kirk, Hyo Jin Lim, Hyang Burm Lee
Summary: Three new fungal species, Talaromyces gwangjuensis, T. koreana, and T. teleomorpha, were discovered in Korea during a study of freshwater fungi. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic trees were provided based on morphological characters, multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, and extrolite data. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the three new taxa form distinct monophyletic clades.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joel H. Nitta, Shawn W. Laffan, Brent D. Mishler, Wataru Iwasaki
Summary: Biodiversity is often quantified using species richness, but this overlooks evolutionary history. CANAPE is a method that incorporates phylogenetic relationships into quantifying biodiversity. A new R package called canaper has been developed to conduct CANAPE analyses in R, providing efficient computation, simplicity, and reproducibility. Canaper produces comparable results to Biodiverse and can be used for data import, cleaning, and analysis within R.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Roycroft, Anna J. MacDonald, Craig Moritz, Adnan Moussalli, Roberto Portela Miguez, Kevin C. Rowe
Summary: Australia has the highest historically recorded rate of mammalian extinction, especially among rodents. Through genomic data and museum specimens, researchers reveal genetic diversity, evolutionary history, and evidence of rapid extinction in extinct species.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Stan Lipovetsky
Summary: Introduces a multivariate technique called Canonical Concordance Correlation Analysis (CCCA) which maximizes the Lin's concordance correlation coefficient between two sets of variables to measure similarity and agreement. It considers not only the maximum correlation but also the closeness of mean values and variances of the aggregates. CCCA is a generalized eigenproblem that provides a different solution from CCA when the means of the aggregates are different. It has properties and applications for solving applied statistical problems that require closeness of mean values and variances, along with maximum canonical correlations between two data sets.
Article
Microbiology
Beeyoung Gun Lee, Jae-Seoun Hur
Summary: Psoroglaena humidosilvae is described as a new lichen species from a wetland forest in South Korea. It differs from other Psoroglaena species in terms of its thallus projections, perithecia size and shape, asci size, and septate ascospores. Molecular analyses using ITS, mtSSU, and LSU sequences support P. humidosilvae as a distinct species in the genus Psoroglaena. A surrogate key is provided for the identification of all 22 Psoroglaena species.
Article
Zoology
Jing Zhang, Qian Cong, Jinhui Shen, Leina Song, Andres Orellana, Ernst Brockmann, Carlos G. C. Mielke, Olaf H. H. Mielke, Mauro Costa, Nick V. Grishin
Summary: Genomic sequencing and analysis of holotypes from the MIZA collection in Maracay, Venezuela, and comparison with other species and their type specimens contribute to our understanding of the taxonomy of these species. The study confirms Jemadia demarmelsi Orellana, [2010] as a separate species, and genetically verifies its female individual. Several taxonomic statuses are clarified, including the reclassification of Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 and Jemasonia sosia (Mabille, 1878) as species-level taxa rather than subspecies. Additionally, new subspecies and combinations are proposed for Amenis ponina rogeri Orellana, [2010], Jemasonia pater ortizi (Orellana, [2010]), Jemadia pseudognetus imitator (Mabille, 1891), and Damas cervelina Orellana & Costa, 2019.
Article
Microbiology
Tingbei Bo, Gang Song, Shiyu Tang, Mengru Zhang, Zhiwei Ma, Hongrui Lv, Yun Wu, Dezhi Zhang, Le Yang, Dehua Wang, Fumin Lei
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between gut microbiota and host evolution in Tibetan birds, identifying differences in gut microbiota among different habitats and species. The relative abundance of certain bacteria was found to correlate with altitude. Additionally, various pathogenic bacteria were found in birds of the Tibetan wetlands, with interspecific differences related to diet and living environments.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuyuan Mo, Jie Yin, Zi Ye, Fengli Li, Shuang Lin, Sitian Zhang, Beiye Yang, Jun Yao, Jianping Wang, Zhengxi Hu, Yonghui Zhang
Summary: Large-scale culture was used to discover twelve new meroterpenoids from fungus Aspergillus calidoustus isolated from wetland soil in Yunnan Province, including five undescribed asperanstinoids. Asperanstinoid A, with a unique fused hexacyclic skeleton and rare epoxy moiety, showed significant cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines HL60 and SU-DHL-4.
Review
Forestry
Paul S. Manos, Andrew L. Hipp
Summary: The oak flora of North America is diverse and species-rich, with recent research utilizing advanced techniques and detailed data to conduct systematic classification and phylogenetic studies, revealing the radiation history and biogeographical information of North American oaks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mi Zhang, Yanfang Deng, Fei Liu, Meijia Zheng, Yu Liang, Weiguang Sun, Qin Li, Xiao-Nian Li, Changxing Qi, Junjun Liu, Chunmei Chen, Hucheng Zhu, Yonghui Zhang
Summary: Five undescribed sterol derivatives were isolated from Talaromyces stipitatus, along with eight known congeners, marking the first example of this class of ergosterols from T. stipitatus. The compounds were tested for their effects on hepatoma cell lines, with two of them further evaluated for their impacts on cell cycle progression and apoptosis due to their pronounced cytotoxicity. The antiproliferative activities were mainly mediated by inducing cell apoptosis, according to the research results.
Article
Microbiology
Xin-Cun Wang, Wen-Ying Zhuang
Summary: Two new Talaromyces species, Talaromyces ginkgonis sp. nov. and T. shilinensis sp. nov., were discovered in samples collected from southwestern China. They differ from closely-related fungi in terms of morphology and sequence differences.
Article
Microbiology
Xin-Cun Wang, Wen-Ying Zhuang
Summary: This article describes the discovery of four new species of Aspergillus fungus, which are important in food, industrial, and medical contexts as well as being closely related to human daily life. The new species were identified through phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, and detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided.
Review
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Geovanna Theobald Borsato, Fabiano Salgueiro, Gabriela A. L. De'Carli, Agatha M. Morais, Amanda S. Goulart, Joel C. de Paula, Silvia M. Nascimento
Summary: Taxonomy and abundance of benthic harmful algae in the tropical and subtropical South Atlantic Ocean have been poorly studied and underinvestigated. This study provides morphological descriptions, molecular data, and abundance information of Prorocentrum species from the region. It also includes a review of global Prorocentrum species richness and distribution. The study identified eleven Prorocentrum species in Brazil, with the highest abundance observed in the Northeast region. The Fernando de Noronha archipelago was found to be a hotspot for Prorocentrum species diversity. The findings suggest that the global distribution of benthic Prorocentrum species is likely underestimated due to taxonomic impediment and uneven sampling effort.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Beeyoung-Gun Lee, Jae-Seoun Hur
Summary: A new lichen species, Lendemeriella luteoaurantia, has been discovered in South Korea. This species is distinct from the closest species, L. aureopruinosa, in terms of morphology and chemistry, characterized by smaller yellow-orange apothecia, larger ascospores with wider septum width, and the absence of specific pigments. Molecular phylogeny analysis confirms that the new species belongs to a different lineage within the genus Lendemeriella. A preliminary key is also provided for the identification of all 10 species of Lendemeriella.
