Article
Biology
Utpala Nanda Chowdhury, Md Omar Faruqe, Md Mehedy, Shamim Ahmad, M. Babul Islam, Watshara Shoombuatong, A. K. M. Azad, Mohammad Ali Moni
Summary: The study found that the BCG vaccine may have an impact on the severity and mortality of COVID-19, identifying genetic variations through analyzing shared DEGs and PPI network, and discovering potential therapeutic candidates. Further investigation into the genetic interactions between the BCG vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 could help combat the spread of COVID-19.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Willis X. Li
Summary: The study investigates factors contributing to different impacts of COVID-19 at the country level. Findings show a significant inverse correlation between BCG vaccination rate and COVID-19 mortality, while per capita GDP and median age positively correlate with COVID-19 mortality. Meanwhile, COVID-19 cases correlate significantly with per capita GDP and testing rates.
Article
Immunology
Su-Wan Bianca Chan, Youjia Zhong, Soon Chuan James Lim, Sherry Poh, Kai Liang Teh, Jian Yi Soh, Chia Yin Chong, Koh Cheng Thoon, Michaela Seng, Ee Shien Tan, Thaschawee Arkachaisri, Woei Kang Liew
Summary: Newborn screening for SCID was conducted in Singapore, with no SCID cases detected but 13 cases of non-SCID T-cell lymphopenia (TCL) identified. The results showed that patients with normal CD3+ T cell counts and transient idiopathic TCL tolerated BCG vaccination well without complications.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wei Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Hsin Chi, Fu-Yuan Huang, Ching-Ying Huang
Summary: A study on BCG vaccine adverse reactions found that osteitis/osteomyelitis occurred less frequently when vaccination was done after 5 months of age, but injection site reactions and lymphadenitis were more common, with shorter onset durations of mild adverse reactions observed in older vaccinees above 5 months of age.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Valdone Miseviciene, Gintare Liakaite, Elena Suciliene, Inga Ivaskeviciene
Summary: BCG-induced osteomyelitis is an extremely rare systemic adverse reaction in immunocompetent children after BCG vaccination, with correct diagnosis frequently missed. This article presented 4 clinical cases reported over a 10-year period in Lithuania, a high TB incidence country, and briefly reviewed the clinical, management, and treatment features of the disease.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Figl, Heike Koehler, Nadine Wedlich, Elisabeth M. Liebler-Tenorio, Leander Grode, Gerald Parzmair, Gopinath Krishnamoorthy, Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Christian Menge
Summary: A more effective vaccine against tuberculosis is urgently needed. The recombinant vaccine VPM1002 has been found to be safer and more efficacious than the existing vaccine BCG in mice models. In this study, the safety and immunogenicity of VPM1002 and its derivatives, PDX and NUOG, were assessed in juvenile goats. The results showed that VPM1002 and NUOG induced anti-tuberculous immunity with a comparable safety profile to BCG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Patrick J. Hensley, Kelly K. Bree, Nathan Brooks, Justin Matulay, Roger Li, Graciela M. Nogueras Gonzalez, Neema Navai, Herbert B. Grossman, Colin P. Dinney, Ashish M. Kamat
Summary: The timing of induction BCG instillation after TURBT does not influence the tolerability and response rates in patients with NMIBC. Early administration of BCG is safe and delays do not impact therapeutic outcomes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Adriana Sanchez-Garcia, Reyes Tamez-Guerra, Gerardo Gonzalez-Saldivar, Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Luz Adriana Ramirez-Garcia, Francisco J. Barrera, Jose Gerardo Gonzalez-Gonzalez
Summary: This study assessed the safety of the BCG vaccine in adults and found common local and systemic reactions after vaccination. Severe reactions were rare.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Brant A. Inman, Noah M. Hahn, Kelly Stratton, Ryan Kopp, Alex Sankin, Eila Skinner, Kamal Pohar, Benjamin A. Gartrell, Song Pham, Deepali Rishipathak, Sanjeev Mariathasan, Nicole Davarpanah, Corey Carter, Gary D. Steinberg
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and clinical activity of atezolizumab +/- BCG in high-risk BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The combination of atezolizumab and BCG showed promising results and had the potential for clinical significance in treating BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Matti Korppi
Summary: A review of 331 BCG osteitis cases globally reported between 1976 and 2012, with Finnish cases making up two-thirds of the total. Incidence rates in Finnish infants were higher compared to Taiwanese infants, with good outcomes after surgery and chemotherapy. Deviations in innate immunity raise questions about genetic factors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marek Fol, Piotr Kozinski, Jakub Kulesza, Piotr Bialecki, Magdalena Druszczynska
Summary: Recent studies suggest that chronic inflammation related to mycobacteria may be a possible mechanism of cancer pathogenesis. Different types of mycobacterial infections, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non-tuberculous Mycobacterium avium complex, and Mycobacterium ulcerans, have been associated with increased risks of lung cancer and skin carcinogenesis. The relationship between chronic mycobacterial infections and tumor development is thought to involve various host effector mechanisms at different stages of oncogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chun Jye Lim, Phuong Hoang Diem Nguyen, Martin Wasser, Pavanish Kumar, Yun Hua Lee, Nurul Jannah Mohamed Nasir, Camillus Chua, Liyun Lai, Sharifah Nur Hazirah, Josh Jie Hua Loh, Li Yan Khor, Joe Yeong, Tony Kiat Hon Lim, Alvin Wei Xiang Low, Salvatore Albani, Tsung Wen Chong, Valerie Chew
Summary: This study identified immune subset changes and gene expression features associated with BCG treatment by analyzing patient blood and tissue samples. It also found that baseline densities of non-Treg and CD8(+)PD-1(+) T cells were predictive of response and recurrence-free survival after BCG. Furthermore, the study revealed predictive biomarkers for response and resistance mechanisms to BCG.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fan Chen, Guo X. Chen, Jing Zhou, Yun Xue, Mei X. Wu
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 patients who received Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination showed lower severity of pneumonia and milder liver function deficiency during disease progression, as well as a lower death rate compared to unvaccinated individuals.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
M. J. Reike, M. A. Ingersoll, D. C. Mueller, T. C. M. Zuiverloon, T. Strandgaardf, A. M. Kamat, S. B. Williams, R. Seiler, T. Todenhoefer, L. Dyrskjot, R. Nawroth, P. Goebell, B. Schmitz-Draeger, J. P. Sfakianos, J. Meeks, A. Horowitz, P. C. Black
Summary: BCG remains the first-line therapy for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients approved by the FDA, but recurrence rate is high and second-line treatments are not highly effective. Therefore, early identification of patients likely to recur and treatment after recurrence remain critical unmet needs in the clinical care of bladder cancer patients.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sahyun Pak, Sun-Young Kim, Sung Han Kim, Jae Young Joung, Weon Seo Park, Jinsoo Chung, Kang Hyun Lee, Ho Kyung Seo
Summary: The study showed that long-course antibiotic treatment was associated with increased risks of disease recurrence and progression in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer undergoing intravesical BCG therapy. Careful use of antibiotics may be necessary to enhance the efficacy of BCG therapy. Further mechanistic and prospective studies are warranted.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Biographical-Item
Immunology
Peter Bretscher, Alexandre Corthay, Zlatko Dembic, Hans-Georg Rammensee
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alexandre Corthay, Tibor Bakacs, Govindarajan Thangavelu, Colin C. Anderson
Summary: The major challenge in cancer treatment is dealing with disseminated dormant cancer cells and the balance with the immune system. Various competing models of how the immune system achieves self nonself discrimination are discussed, and it is suggested that a combination of mechanisms from each model may enhance the efficacy in tackling cancer cell dormancy.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Veronica Krenn, Camilla Bosone, Thomas R. Burkard, Julia Spanier, Ulrich Kalinke, Arianna Calistri, Cristiano Salata, Raissa Rilo Christoff, Patricia Pestana Garcez, Ali Mirazimi, Juergen A. Knoblich
Summary: Viral infection in early pregnancy can lead to microcephaly, with distinct mechanisms observed in Zika virus and herpes simplex virus-induced brain organoid models. This study highlights the importance of organoid models in understanding virus-specific mechanisms and immune responses associated with virus-induced microcephaly.
Article
Rheumatology
Theresa Graalmann, Katharina Borst, Himanshu Manchanda, Lea Vaas, Matthias Bruhn, Lukas Graalmann, Mario Koster, Murielle Verboom, Michael Hallensleben, Carlos Alberto Guzman, Gerd Sutter, Reinhold E. Schmidt, Torsten Witte, Ulrich Kalinke
Summary: Rituximab-treated patients and B cell-deficient mice showed reduced expansion of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells after vaccination/infection with different vaccines/pathogens, indicating that B cells can modulate CD8(+) T cell responses. The choice of vaccines for B cell-depleted patients needs to be re-evaluated to effectively induce protective CD8(+) T cell responses.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panagiotis F. Christopoulos, Mantas Grigalavicius, Alexandre Corthay, Kristian Berg, Theodossis A. Theodossiou
Summary: Excessive secretion of nitric oxide interferes with oxygen consumption measurements in macrophages, impacting accurate metabolic characterization. Inhibition of nitric oxide production partially restores respiration in activated macrophages, highlighting the importance of controlling reactive nitrogen species in cellular metabolic studies.
Article
Virology
Thomas Demoulins, Marie-Laurence Baron, Dominique Gauchat, Nadia Kettaf, Steven James Reed, Tania Charpentier, Ulrich Kalinke, Alain Lamarre, Rafi Ahmed, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Surojit Sarkar, Vandana Kalia
Summary: This study found that IFN-I signals mediate thymic atrophy in viral infections, with more severe and prolonged effects in chronic infections compared to acute infections. The loss of thymic output was linked to inhibition of early stages of thymopoiesis and pronounced apoptosis during the late stages. Furthermore, the study revealed both direct and indirect effects of IFN-I on thymocytes, suggesting potential immunotherapeutic strategies targeting IFN-1 signals to manipulate disease outcomes in chronic infections and cancers.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer Becker, Ulrich Kalinke
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between pDC numbers, IFN-I serum levels, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients, and explored the molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-mediated pDC stimulation to induce cytokine responses.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Alexandre Corthay, Petter Hoglund
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukas Mathias Michaely, Lukas Schuwerk, Lisa Allnoch, Kathleen Schoen, Inken Waltl, Pia-Katharina Larsen, Andreas Pavlou, Chittappen Kandiyil Prajeeth, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Stefanie C. Becker, Ulrich Kalinke, Wolfgang Baumgaertner, Ingo Gerhauser
Summary: Rift Valley fever is an emerging disease with zoonotic characteristics. This study investigated the role of immune response in disease progression using an attenuated strain of RVFV. The results showed that IFNAR signaling can prevent systemic spread of the virus, but not its dissemination to the central nervous system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Johannes Schwerk, Lucas Kemper, Kendra A. Bussey, Stefan Lienenklaus, Siegfried Weiss, Luka Cicin-Sain, Andrea Kroeger, Ulrich Kalinke, Christopher M. Collins, Samuel H. Speck, Martin Messerle, Dagmar Wirth, Melanie M. Brinkmann, Hansjoerg Hauser, Mario Koester
Summary: This study investigated the regulation of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) latency by type I interferon (IFN). The results showed that IFN can control the latency of MHV-68 to a certain extent, but cannot fully prevent viral dissemination during latency. Moreover, impaired IFN signaling in latently infected cells increased the risk of virus reactivation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martina Barends, Nicole Koller, Christian Schoelz, Veronica Duran, Berislav Bosnjak, Jennifer Becker, Marius Doering, Hanna Blees, Reinhold Foerster, Ulrich Kalinke, Robert Tampe
Summary: By studying human dendritic cells, we discovered that additional proteins are recruited to the peptide-loading complex (PLC) during dendritic cell differentiation and maturation, including BAP31, VAPA, and ESYT1. These proteins colocalize with TAP and are in close proximity to the PLC, indicating that the antigen processing machinery is located near ER exit- and membrane contact sites.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lara-Jasmin Schroeder, Felix Mulenge, Andreas Pavlou, Thomas Skripuletz, Martin Stangel, Viktoria Gudi, Ulrich Kalinke
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the transcriptomic signatures of astrocytes during demyelination and remyelination in the cuprizone mouse model. They found that reactive astrocytes showed an inflammatory response during demyelination, while during remyelination, there was a shift towards tissue remodeling and regeneration. These findings highlight the dynamic nature of astrocyte functions during neurodegeneration and regeneration.
Article
Cell Biology
Kunjan Harit, Rituparna Bhattacharjee, Kai Matuschewski, Jennifer Becker, Ulrich Kalinke, Dirk Schlueter, Gopala Nishanth
Summary: This study reveals that the deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD7b prevents TNF-induced apoptosis of dendritic cells (DCs) during infection, resulting in efficient immune response. OTUD7b stabilizes the E3 ligase TNF-receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) by counteracting its K48-ubiquitination, facilitating the activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases, IL-12 production, and expression of anti-apoptotic cFLIP and Bcl-xL. Mice with DC-specific OTUD7b-deficiency showed DC apoptosis and failure to induce CD8(+) T cell-mediated brain pathology in a murine malaria infection model. These findings highlight the importance of OTUD7b as a central molecular switch for DC survival and provide insights for manipulating DC responses.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
A. Frafjord, L. Buer, C. Hammarstrom, H. Aamodt, P. Woldbaek, O. Brustugun, A. Helland, I. Oynebraten, A. Corthay
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)