Article
Neurosciences
Eryn Donovan, Cassandra Avila, Sarah Klausner, Vinay Parikh, Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer, Randy D. Blakely, Martin Sarter
Summary: This study demonstrates the impact of the Val89 variant on the function of the neuronal high-affinity choline transporter (CHT). The Val89 mutation leads to reduced choline transport and acetylcholine release, as well as deficits in attentional control. The Val89 mouse provides a valuable model for studying cognitive disorders associated with cholinergic dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Corsetti, Carla Perrone-Capano, Michael Sebastian Salazar Intriago, Elisabetta Botticelli, Giancarlo Poiana, Gabriella Augusti-Tocco, Stefano Biagioni, Ada Maria Tata
Summary: The study revealed the expression of multiple ChAT and VAChT splice variants in rat DRG neurons, showing a progressive decrease during development. ChAT levels significantly increased during DRG ontogenesis, indicating an important role for ACh in neuronal differentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tengyu Xie, Ximin Chi, Bangdong Huang, Fangfei Ye, Qiang Zhou, Jing Huang
Summary: The solute carrier (SLC) superfamily is the largest group of proteins responsible for transmembrane transport of substances in human cells. This study systematically explored the SLC superfamily and identified at least three new folds, one of which has been experimentally verified in the choline-like transporter family (SLC44). This work lays a foundation and provides important insights for the systematic and comprehensive study of the structure and function of SLC.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Juanjuan Liu, Shanshan Gao, Luting Wei, Wenfeng Xiong, Yaoyao Lu, Xiaowen Song, Yonglei Zhang, Han Gao, Bin Li
Summary: This study investigates the functions of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in insect development, reproduction, and insecticide susceptibility. The researchers found that RNA interference of Chat and vacht in Tribolium castaneum resulted in decreased acetylcholine content and disrupted larval development and pupal eclosion. Knockdown of these enzymes also reduced fecundity and egg hatchability. Additionally, the researchers observed that the transcript levels of chat and vacht increased after treatment with carbofuran or dichlorvos, and reduction of chat or vacht decreased the resistance to these insecticides.
Article
Cell Biology
Yosuke Fujita, Tomoki Nagakura, Hiroyuki Uchino, Masato Inazu, Tsuyoshi Yamanaka
Summary: The study found that CTL1 is responsible for extracellular choline uptake, while CTL2 may uptake choline in the mitochondria and be involved in DNA methylation via choline oxidation. Inhibition of extracellular choline uptake caused intracellular choline deficiency in hNSCs, suppressing cell proliferation, cell viability, and neurite outgrowth. The findings contribute to understanding the role of choline in neural development and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases caused by choline deficiency or impairment in choline uptake.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Takashi Okuda, Yuki Nomura, Asami Konishi, Hidemi Misawa
Summary: The study found that tetrahydropyrimidine anthelmintics act as competitive inhibitors of CHT1, effectively inhibiting choline uptake and acetylcholine synthesis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanwei Duan, Weixing Zhu, Xiaoming Zhao, Hans Merzendorfer, Jiqiang Chen, Xu Zou, Qing Yang
Summary: The study demonstrates an interaction between choline transporter-like protein 2 (Ctl2) and krotzkopf verkehrt (kkv) in Drosophila melanogaster, highlighting the important role of Ctl2 in the growth and development of Drosophila.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elodie Lamy, Lea Pilyser, Claire Paquet, Elodie Bouaziz-Amar, Stanislas Grassin-Delyle
Summary: A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry method was developed for the quantification of acetylcholine and choline in human cerebrospinal fluid, demonstrating high sensitivity and selectivity. The method showed excellent precision and accuracy, making it suitable for the analysis of cholinergic neurotransmission in human pathologies and drug effects study.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhou Yu, Haoxun Wang, Guofeng You
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory effects of the hepatic hormone IGF-1 on hOAT4 in the kidney and placenta, showing that IGF-1 can increase the transport activity, protein expression, and SUMOylation of hOAT4 through the PKB signaling pathway.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hanna Carmon, Evan C. Haley, Vinay Parikh, Natalie C. Tronson, Martin Sarter
Summary: Sign-tracking rats have higher levels of cytokines and poly-ubiquitinated CHTs in the brain compared to goal-trackers. Activation of the immune system increases cytokines and ubiquitinated CHTs only in goal-trackers, indicating a connection between immune modulator signaling and addiction vulnerability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takuma Maruyama, Asuka Mano, Toshiyuki Ishii, Yoshihiko Kakinuma, Makoto Kaneda
Summary: Acetylcholine (ACh), an excitatory neurotransmitter, is mainly synthesized from choline in cholinergic neurons, with the high-affinity choline transporter as the main source of choline import. However, recent studies have shown that the P2X(2) receptor functions as a novel pathway for choline transport, which can increase intracellular ACh concentrations, indicating its role in ACh synthesis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoli Dai, Qing Zhang, Juan Gu, Jing Qiu
Summary: The inhibition of the CREB1-CTL4 cascade was found to attenuate aberrant Cho metabolism and restrain the malignant progression of BC cells.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew Stiegler, Jian-Hua Li, Vivek Shah, Tea Tsaava, Aisling Tynan, Huan Yang, Yehuda Tamari, Michael Brines, Kevin J. Tracey, Sangeeta S. Chavan
Summary: Acetylcholine (ACh) produced by T-cell subset expressing ChAT regulates blood pressure by stimulating nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation. Increasing systemic ChAT concentrations through recombinant or PEG-modified ChAT decreased blood pressure significantly in hypertensive mice. This suggests the potential role of ChAT in hypertension warrants further studies.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuma Tega, Yoshiyuki Kubo, Hiroaki Miura, Kairi Ri, Ayaka Tomise, Shin-ichi Akanuma, Ken-ichi Hosoya
Summary: This study investigated the transport of putrescine at the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) to understand its regulation in the retina. The results showed that putrescine transport is active and influenced by putrescine and spermine. The study also suggested the involvement of carrier-mediated processes in putrescine transport at the inner and outer BRB.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alyssa Schledwitz, Margaret H. Sundel, Madeline Alizadeh, Shien Hu, Guofeng Xie, Jean-Pierre Raufman
Summary: Studies have found that acetylcholine is not only produced and released by neurons, but also present in immune, cancer, and other cells. In addition, selected bile acids can modulate the function of muscarinic receptors. Muscarinic receptor subtypes may have unexpectedly diverse actions based on similar G protein coupling and downstream signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sebastian Kjaergaard, Thorbjorn S. R. Jensen, Ulrike R. Feddersen, Niels Bindslev, Kaare Grunddal, Steen S. Poulsen, Hanne B. Rasmussen, Esben Budtz-Jorgensen, Mark Berner-Hansen
Summary: Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis have a relatively low number of colonic tuft cells compared to controls. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential involvement of tuft cells in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaare Grunddal, Elisa P. Jensen, Cathrine Orskov, Daniel B. Andersen, Johanne A. Windelov, Steen Seier Poulsen, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, Charles Pyke, Jens J. Holst
Summary: This study aimed to identify the expression sites of GLP-1R mRNA and protein in the mouse gastrointestinal system. The results showed that GLP-1R was expressed in pancreatic islet cells, gastric corpus mucous neck cells, Brunner glands, intestinal mucosa cells, and nerve fibers in the myenteric plexuses. GLP-1R may play an important role in modulating gastrointestinal health and mucosal protection.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rahim M. Naimi, Mark K. Hvistendahl, Steen S. Poulsen, Hannelouise Kissow, Jens Pedersen, Nikolaj A. Nerup, Rikard Ambrus, Michael P. Achiam, Lars B. Svendsen, Palle B. Jeppesen
Summary: Glepaglutide, a long-acting GLP-2 analog, improved intestinal absorptive function by increasing plasma citrulline levels and morphological improvements. However, there were no significant changes in intestinal perfusion after three weeks of treatment.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mads Hjortdal Gronhoj, Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Ann Kathrine Sindby, Rares Miscov, Torben Hundsholt, Birgit Debrabant, Carsten Reidies Bjarkam, Bo Bergholt, Kare Fugleholm, Frantz Rom Poulsen
Summary: DRAIN-TIME 2 is a multi-center, randomized controlled trial aimed at investigating the impact of the shortest possible drainage time on the recurrence rate of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). The study will provide evidence for reducing drain-related complications, immobilization-related complications, and hospital stays in order to decrease the overall health service burden.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Nina Andersen-Ranberg, Frantz Rom Poulsen, Bo Bergholt, Torben Hundsholt, Kare Fugleholm
Summary: This study identified risk factors for second recurrence of chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) and found that these risk factors were similar for both the first recurrence and the second recurrence. It was not possible to identify specific risk factors for patients at risk of second recurrence at the time of the primary diagnosis.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Goda Snieckute, Aitana Victoria Genzor, Anna Constance Vind, Mark Stoneley, Laura Ryder, Sebastien Chamois, Rene Dreos, Cathrine Nordgaard, Frederike Sass, Melanie Blasius, Aida Rodriguez Lopez, Solveig Hlin Brynjolfsdottir, Kasper Langebjerg Andersen, Anne E. Willis, Lisa B. Frankel, Steen Seier Poulsen, David Gatfield, Zachary Gerhart-Hines, Christoffer Clemmensen, Simon Bekker-Jensen
Summary: This study reveals that ribosomal stalling can activate ZAKa and demonstrates the significant impact of ribosomal impairment and RSR signaling on metabolic responses in cells, nematodes, and mice. These responses regulated by RSR include the regulation of AMPK and mTOR signaling, enhanced survival under starvation conditions, modulation of stress hormone production, and control of blood sugar levels. This highlights the importance of ribosomes as metabolic signals and the role of RSR signaling in metabolic regulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joep Beumer, Julia Bauza-Martinez, Tim S. Veth, Veerle Geurts, Charelle Boot, Hannah Gilliam-Vigh, Steen S. Poulsen, Filip K. Knop, Wei Wu, Hans Clevers
Summary: This study investigates the production of peptide hormones in human EECs using human gut organoids. By modifying the endopeptidase and exopeptidase genes in EECs with CRISPR-Cas9, the researchers identify the production of glucagon in intestinal EECs. Mass spectrometry-based analyses are used to monitor peptide processing and map the substrates and products of major EEC proteases. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of peptide hormone production in human EECs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Tina Binderup, Markus Harboe Olsen, Andreas Kjaer, Kare Fugleholm
Summary: Anti-inflammatory treatment reduces the risk of recurrent chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), but clinical implementation is improper due to side effects. This study aims to investigate the associations between cytokine levels and the risk of recurrence in CSDH patients and identify potential medical targets. The study found elevated levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in recurrent CSDH patients, suggesting IL-1ra as a possible target for medical treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hannah Gilliam-Vigh, Tina Jorsal, Sophie W. Nielsen, Julie L. Forman, Jens Pedersen, Steen S. Poulsen, Tina Vilsboll, Filip K. Knop
Summary: The density and gene expression of neurotensin (NTS) in the small intestine gradually increased from the duodenum to the ileum, while NTS was negligible in the large intestine. Patients with type 2 diabetes showed lower levels of NTS compared to healthy controls, but this difference was not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple testing.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mads Hjortdal Gronhoj, Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Bjarni Johannsson, Kare Fugleholm, Frantz Rom-Poulsen
Summary: This study investigated the dynamics of drain production and potential factors contributing to recurrence in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). The results showed that early spontaneous cessation of drain production was associated with an increased risk of recurrence, while cases with longer drain duration had a lower risk of recurrence. These observations suggest that a personalized drainage discontinuation strategy may be an alternative approach for all CSDH patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Kare Fugleholm, Claus Thorn Ekstrom, Helle Bruunsgaard
Summary: The pathophysiology of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) has shifted from being solely traumatic to being mainly driven by inflammation. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is involved in immune responses and patients with specific HLA profiles may be predisposed to CSDH development. However, this study did not find an association between specific HLA class II haplotypes and the risk or recurrence of CSDH compared to a healthy population.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Joachim Birch Milan, Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Nicolas Norager, Sarah Skovlunde Hornshoj Pedersen, Casper Schwartz Riedel, Nikolaj Malthe Toft, Ahmed Ammar, Mansoor Foroughi, Andre Grotenhuis, Andrea Perera, Harold Rekate, Marianne Juhler
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joachim Birch Milan, Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Nicolas Norager, Sarah Skovlunde Hornshoj Pedersen, Christian Schwartz Riedel, Nikolaj Malthe Toft, Ahmed Ammar, Mansour Foroughi, Andre Grotenhuis, Andrea Perera, Harold Rekate, Marianne Juhler
Summary: Prognosis and intervention in hydrocephalus are influenced by various factors. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) has limitations in accurately diagnosing hydrocephalus, resulting in multiple diagnoses for similar patients and identical diagnoses for clinically different patients. This paper criticizes the ICD systems and proposes the ASPECT Hydrocephalus System, which consists of six clinical key factors, as a new descriptive system to overcome the limitations and provide standardized treatment and research opportunities.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Mette Haldrup, Mads Hjortdal Gronhoj, Rares Miscov, Carl Christian Larsen, Birgit Debrabant, Frantz Rom Poulsen, Bo Bergholt, Torben Hundsholt, Carsten Reidies Bjarkam, Kare Fugleholm
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jens-Kristian Bomholt-Riis, Thorbjorn Soren Ronn Jensen, Line Pedersen, Louise Fournais, Vagn Eskesen, Ramona Astrand
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of implementing the serum biomarker S100B on patient costs and patient flow in an emergency department. The results showed that the use of S100B did not reduce patient costs and did not cause significant additional costs or delayed patient flow.
DANISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)