A novel antimicrobial therapy for the control of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in aquaculture using marine polysaccharide coated gold nanoparticle

In the present study, we prepared fucoidan coated Au-NPs (Fu-AuNPs),and examined its antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila. The green synthesized Fu-AuNPs were bio-physically characterized by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT1R), Higher Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Zeta potential analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Fu-AuNPs were crystalline in nature, spherical to triangular in shape, with particle size ranging within 10-100 nm. The synthesized Fu-AuNPs at 100 mu g mL(-1) showed inhibition zone against A. hydrophila (23.2 mm) which is much higher than that of commercial antibiotic chloramphenicol (173 mm). The biofilm inhibitory activity of Fu-AuNPs against Gram negative (Aeromonas hydrophila) was higher. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopic observations showed that the Fu-AuNPs at 100 mu g mL(-1) inhibited the biofilm of A. hydrophila. The cytotoxicity study indicated that Fu-AuNPs were effective in inhibiting the viability of human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) at 100 mu g mL(-1). In another experiment, the antibacterial effect of Fu-AuNPs on tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus were evaluated in vivo. The mortality rate of O. mossambicus infected by A. hydrophila was much higher (90%), whereas, the mortality of O. mossambicus that received Fu-AuNPs followed by challenge with A. hydrophia was reduced to 30%. This study concludes that Fu-AUNPs are effective in the control of A. hydrophila infections in O. mossambicus. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.