Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yachong Zhou, Xiaofeng Xu, Yang Zhao, Xudong Yan, Lai Wei, Zhicheng Wu, Yongqiang Yu
Summary: Fine grain strengthening is crucial for improving mechanical properties in titanium alloys. In this study, electroshock treatment was found to directly recrystallize coarse prior beta grains in alpha+beta titanium alloy, leading to enhanced tensile strength and elongation.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jun-zhou Yang, Jian-jun Wu, Hai-nan Xie, Zhi-guo LI, Kai-wei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloys during superplastic forming (SPF) to understand the dominant mechanism for different misorientation evolution processes. Tensile tests were conducted at 890, 920, and 950 degrees C with a strain rate range of 10-4-10-2 s-1, and electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) observations and a constitutive model were used to describe the microstructure evolution. The results showed that geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) were responsible for the evolution of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs). Furthermore, the mechanism of transformation from LAGBs to high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) involved migration, remaining dislocations, and sub-grain rotation.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qian Wang, Margaux Saint Jalme, Christophe Schuman, Jean-Sebastien Lecomte, Christophe Desrayaud, Julien Favre, Damien Fabregue, Sylvain Dancette, Florian Mercier, Etienne Archaud, Christian Dumont
Summary: In this study, a denoising method using smoothing spline was proposed to reconstruct parent beta grain of titanium alloys. Additionally, the globularization mechanism under multi-axial hot compression was analyzed, showing that high globularized efficiency around 71.2% can be easily achieved by multi-directional deformation.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xiang Wang, Lin-Jie Zhang, Jie Ning, Sen Li, Liang-Liang Zhang, Jian Long
Summary: The study introduces a method to refine the microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V alloys made by additive manufacturing, demonstrating that the addition of Y2O3 particles can effectively inhibit recrystallization and growth, leading to significant improvement in tensile strength without sacrificing elongation.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
In-Su Kim, Jeong Mok Oh, Sang Won Lee, Jong-Taek Yeom, Jae-Keun Hong, Chan Hee Park, Taekyung Lee
Summary: This study investigated the effects of processing variables on the globularization of AM-processed Ti-6Al-4V alloy, revealing that a combination of solution treatment, low-temperature forging, and subsequent annealing significantly accelerates the process by reducing the path for boundary splitting in fine martensitic laths induced via solution treatment.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Can Li, Yong Li, Dexin Zhang, Xiaoxing Li, Wanqi Zhao
Summary: The mechanical properties and related mechanisms of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy solid-state diffusion bonding (SSDB) joint under elevated temperature conditions have been experimentally investigated. The results show that the tensile strength of the joint is higher than the base metal at elevated temperatures, but the elongation is lower. The increase in strength is attributed to the distribution of grains and the presence of high angle grain boundaries.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael A. Kurtz, Ruoyu Yang, Dinghe Liu, Mohan S. R. Elapolu, Rahul Rai, Jeremy L. Gilbert
Summary: This study combines deep neural network with nearfield electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and symmetry-based EIS to characterize the local impedance changes after selective dissolution. The research found that selective dissolution of Ti-6Al-4V material leads to a significant increase in oxide capacitance, and a capacitance-based scanning impedance microscopy method can quickly identify dissolved regions.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liang Wang, Botao Jiang, Xuan Wang, Ruirun Chen, Yingmei Tan, Liangshun Luo, Yanqing Su, Jingjie Guo
Summary: An advanced melt hydrogenation method was used to improve the poor hot workability of titanium matrix composites (TMCs). The (TiB+TiC)/Ti-6Al-4 V composites were fabricated by directly melting alloys in a gas mixture of H2 and Ar. The results showed that melt hydrogenation increased the length of TiB whiskers and aggravated the clustering of reinforcements, thereby improving the hot workability of TMCs in (' + beta) phase region. The formation of more dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains and enhanced mobility of dislocations contributed to the improved hot workability.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hongbo Zhang, Christofer Leygraf, Lei Wen, Feifei Huang, Hai Chang, Ying Jin
Summary: The fracture mechanism of hydrogen charged Ti-6Al-4V was investigated through a multianalytical approach. The study found that the distribution and cracks of hydrides influence the fracture mode of the Ti-6A-4V alloy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lu Yang, Saranarayanan Ramachandran, Axieh Bagasol, Qiyu Guan, Weiguang Wang, David J. Browne, Denis Dowling, Wajira Mirihanage
Summary: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology enables the production of metallic components without conventional design and manufacturing constraints. By reconstructing the as-solidified microstructure across the LPBF build volume, the initial solidification microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be revealed, providing insights into the early stages of solidification. This approach also has the potential to explore solidification microstructure and defect formation in titanium alloys during additive manufacturing.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. R. Kennedy, A. E. Davis, A. E. Caballero, N. Byres, S. Williams, E. J. Pickering, P. B. Prangnell
Summary: Adding low levels of yttrium (Y) can reduce the width of solidified columnar beta grains in large titanium parts and induce a columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) in the latter stages of melt pool solidification, leading to reduced texture and increased solidification velocity.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Paghandeh, A. Zarei-Hanzaki, H. R. Abedi, Y. Vahidshad
Summary: The study investigates the strain accommodation mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with different initial microstructures under warm temperature deformation regime. Tensile tests were conducted at various temperatures, revealing different material behaviors and strain accommodation mechanisms in equiaxed alpha+beta, lamellar alpha+beta, dual phase alpha+alpha, and fully alpha martensite microstructures. The results provide insights into the relationship between microstructure, strain accommodation capability, and tensile formability.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Optics
Leilei Wang, Bowen Shi, Xukang Cai, Conghao Wu, Yanxiao Zhang, Xiaohong Zhan
Summary: LMD-WAAM hybrid process was used to fabricate Ti6Al4V and the effect of laser power on the grain evolution and mechanical properties was studied. Results showed that different thermal histories formed a graded microstructure and the interface zone had higher microhardness.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Priyanshi Agrawal, Ravi Sankar Haridas, Surekha Yadav, Saket Thapliyal, Supreeth Gaddam, Ravi Verma, Rajiv S. Mishra
Summary: Additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) is a novel thermo-mechanical solid state additive manufacturing process that enables the production of high-performance components from recycled metals, reducing energy consumption and environmental waste.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Kun Vanna Yang, Geoff Robert de Looze, Vu Nguyen, Robert Simon Wilson
Summary: This research investigates the directed-energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using both fresh and recycled feedstock powders in an argon atmosphere containing varying levels of oxygen. It is found that recycled powder builds are stronger but less ductile than fresh powder builds. The microstructure of all samples made with air exposure consists of full lamellar alpha + beta, and the alpha lath thickness increases with air exposure level. The increase in strength and ultimate tensile strength is attributed to solid solution strengthening from nitrogen and oxygen pickup. Nitrogen content has a greater impact on the elongation-to-fracture of the builds compared to oxygen content.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nan Yang, Jeffrey Venezuela, Sharifah Almathami, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: The development of load-bearing, absorbable wound closure devices requires novel materials that are biodegradable and possess superior mechanical properties. Biodegradable metals, such as magnesium, zinc, and iron, are gaining interest for fabricating wound closure devices. Zinc, in particular, shows promise as a substitute for traditional materials and can be strengthened by nutrient elements for use in highly stressed situations.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Enmao Xiang, Maria Natividad Gomez-Cerezo, Yahia Ali, Srinivas Sulugodu Ramachandra, Nan Yang, Matthew Dargusch, Corey S. Moran, Saso Ivanovski, Abdalla Abdal-hay
Summary: Zinc has shown potential as a biodegradable metal for medical implants due to its tunable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This study investigated the use of acid etching to accelerate the corrosion rate of pure zinc and found that acid-treated zinc exhibited a significantly higher corrosion rate compared to untreated zinc. The acid etching also improved cytocompatibility and reduced biofilm formation on the zinc surface.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jingyuan Xu, Jiawen Zhang, Yangfan Shi, Jincheng Tang, Danni Huang, Ming Yan, Matthew S. Dargusch
Summary: This study provides an overview of the recent progress in the surface modification of Ti implants by physical and/or chemical modification approaches, aiming at optimizing their wear resistance, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties. The study also offers an outlook for future research directions in this field, contributing to the development of advanced Ti implants for biomedical applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hooyar Attar, Shima Ehtemam-Haghighi, Damon Kent, Matthew S. Dargusch
Summary: The design and fabrication of low-cost biomedical Ti alloys has become a topic of interest. The study utilized laser engineered net shaping (LENS) to fabricate Ti-Mo alloys from mixed elemental powders, and found that densification is slightly reduced with increasing Mo content. The structure and microstructure of the Ti-Mo alloys were found to depend strongly on the level of Mo additions. Ti-10%Mo exhibited the lowest elastic modulus, highest microhardness, and yield strength due to its dominant beta phase structure and the presence of the nanoscale omega phase.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jingqi Zhang, Michael Bermingham, Joseph Otte, Yingang Liu, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This study demonstrates how to achieve uniform and enhanced tensile ductility by minimizing the in-situ intrinsic heat treatment effect. By adjusting the heating and deposition time, the tensile ductility of Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr material was successfully improved without notable variation.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Xingrui Chen, Jeffrey Venezuela, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This study presents highly pure Mg-Ge alloys that demonstrate exceptional corrosion resistance and discharge performance as anodes for Mg-air batteries. The UHP Mg-0.5Ge exhibits a corrosion rate of 0.15 mm/y, attributed to its low impurity content, restricted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and the presence of a protective surface film. The energy density of Mg-0.5Ge is 37% higher than that of UHP Mg at a current density of 10 mA/cm2, owing to its more negative corrosion potential and suppressed non-diffusive evolution (NDE).
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nagasivamuni Balasubramani, Jeffrey Venezuela, David StJohn, Gui Wang, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: It has been found that refining the as-solidified alloy structure can improve structural properties and reduce solidification defects. External field melt processing and solidification studies have provided effective methods for refining the structure and exploring the mechanisms. The origin of fine grains may be attributed to heterogeneous nucleation, fragmentation of dendrites and grains, and separation from the melt and mold wall under vibration or agitation. This review critically compares the current understanding of these grain refinement mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Samuel Rogers, Matthew Dargusch, Damon Kent
Summary: This study presents a novel and cost-effective method to produce aluminium nitride (AlN) powder by directly nitridating loose aluminium powder at low temperatures (as low as 500℃) using a vacuum tube furnace under flowing high-purity nitrogen. The addition of a small amount of magnesium powder (1 wt.%) facilitates the nitridation reaction. The results show that AlN can be obtained at temperatures higher than or equal to 500℃, with the highest yield of 80-85% achieved at 530℃ for a duration of at least 1 hour. At temperatures around 510℃, a relatively high proportion of AlN (>73% after 6 hours) can be obtained while maintaining excellent friability for manual reprocessing into powder.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Meili Zhang, Nan Yang, Ali Dehghan-Manshadi, Jeffrey Venezuela, Michael J. Bermingham, Matthew S. Dargusch
Summary: In this study, Fe35Mn/Ake composites were prepared using a powder metallurgy route and the effects of different Ake contents on the microstructure, mechanical properties, degradation, and biocompatibility of the composites were investigated. The addition of Ake increased the relative density, compressive yield strength, and elastic modulus of the pure Fe35Mn, but decreased the ductility. Higher concentrations of Ake potentially increased the corrosion rate of Fe35Mn. However, all tested compositions showed no measurable weight loss after immersion in simulated body fluid for 4 weeks, indicating good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Human osteoblasts exhibited increasing viability on Fe35Mn/Ake composites with higher Ake content, suggesting improved in vitro biocompatibility. Fe35Mn/Ake may have potential for biodegradable bone implant applications, especially Fe35Mn/30Ake, if the slow corrosion issue can be addressed.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Sharifah Almathami, Jeffrey Venezuela, Nan Yang, Yuan Wang, Zahrina Mardina, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This study investigates the influence of biologically relevant ions on the corrosion of zinc in physiological fluids. Electro-chemical techniques were used to study the degradation of pure zinc exposed to different physiological electrolytes containing chlorides, carbonates, sulfates, and phosphates. The most aggressive ions are chlorides, while carbonates and phosphates reduce the corrosive attack and sulfates disrupt the passive layer of zinc, altering its corrosion behavior.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
C. H. Ng, M. J. Bermingham, M. S. Dargusch
Summary: High energy input additive manufacturing technologies, such as wire-based directed energy deposition, have high deposition rates but can result in coarse microstructures and defects. This work demonstrates a method to produce high-quality additively manufactured products using low-quality feedstock materials that are usually considered unsuitable. By intentionally introducing large pores using contaminated wire feedstock in a metastable β-Ti alloy, and subsequent hot isostatic pressing, porosity-free parts with refined grain size and excellent ductility can be obtained through dynamic recrystallisation. This approach is applicable to various metallic alloys produced by other additive manufacturing techniques, allowing the engineering of completely homogenous equiaxed grain microstructures.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuan Wang, Min Hong, Jeffrey Venezuela, Ting Liu, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This article reviews the secondary functions of flexible piezoelectric materials, including stretchability, hybrid energy harvesting, and self-healing. Insights into the latest strategies and mechanisms based on piezoelectric fundamentals are provided to unravel the link between structural characteristics and functional performance. The remaining challenges and future outlooks for developing secondary functions are proposed.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nan Yang, Jeffrey Venezuela, Rachel Allavena, Cora Lau, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This work developed a new zinc-nutrient element alloy (Zn-1.0Cu-0.5Ca) into absorbable staples (SAS) for wound closure. The Zn SAS showed higher fixation force than the commercially available PLGA SAS and exhibited uniform degradation behavior. However, the slow degradation rate of Zn SAS and higher local foreign body responses need to be addressed to improve implant retention and biocompatibility.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ting Liu, Yuan Wang, Min Hong, Jeffrey Venezuela, Wei Shi, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This article comprehensively reviews the applications and prospects of biodegradable piezoelectric materials in biomedical field, including biological force sensing, self-powering biomedical devices, tissue regeneration and medical diagnosis. It summarizes the material synthesis methods and device fabrication techniques, discusses the strategies to achieve high-performance biodegradable piezoelectric materials and devices, and explores their biomedical applications. Finally, future research directions are proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xingrui Chen, Jeffrey Venezuela, Zhiming Shi, Qichi Le, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: We investigated the discharge performance and electrochemical properties of an as-extruded Mg-5SmxAl (x 1/4 0,1,3) anode for Mg-air batteries. Adding Al modified the phase composition and grain size of the anode. The addition of 1 wt% Al (Mg-5Sm-1Al) induced a high discharge voltage and power density due to the stimulation of the evenly distributed, fine Al11Sm3 particles. However, these particles increased the parasitical anodic hydrogen reaction rate, resulting in a decrease in anodic efficiency. The addition of 3 wt % Al (Mg-5Sm-3Al) promoted the formation of an aluminium oxide film on the anode surface, which suppressed the anodic hydrogen reaction to improve the anodic efficiency. This film increased the battery's internal resistance resulting in low voltage. This anode is a good candidate for heavy-duty battery applications, where a steady voltage output and long service life are desired. By controlling the Al content, the tailoring of discharge performance of the Mg-Sm-Al anode is feasible to satisfy different battery load requirements.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2023)
