Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ricardo Calado, Vasco C. Mota, Diana Madeira, Miguel C. Leal
Summary: Atlantic salmon farming is a global commodity, but climate change is leading to negative impacts on the species due to fluctuations in seawater temperature. Producers can address this challenge through biotechnology and genetic diversity of wild populations.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Vanessa R. von Biela, Amy M. Regish, Lizabeth Bowen, Ashley E. Stanek, Shannon Waters, Michael P. Carey, Christian E. Zimmerman, Jonathon Gerken, Daniel Rinella, Stephen D. McCormick
Summary: This study investigates the use of heat stress biomarkers to assess the effects of warming on salmon populations and identifies thresholds for separating individuals with and without heat stress.
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danielle P. Dempsey, Gregor K. Reid, Leah Lewis-McCrea, Toby Balch, Roland Cusack, Andre Dumas, Jack Rensel
Summary: Land-based hatcheries have developed the capability to grow large Atlantic salmon post-smolts, which allows for larger fish to be stocked in marine net-pens. This study explores the use of novel sites in areas previously considered unsuitable for aquaculture by applying the thermal-unit growth coefficient (TGC) model to estimate stocking weight. The results show that large post-smolt stocking strategies, with appropriate growth performance assumptions and high-resolution temperature data, could enable the use of these novel sites in coastal areas.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
P. A. Tang, S. O. Stefansson, T. O. Nilsen, N. Gharbi, F. Lai, V Tronci, P. Balseiro, M. Gorissen, L. O. E. Ebbesson
Summary: The neural adaptions of post-smolt Atlantic salmon to cold water temperatures impact their stress resilience. Abruptly transferring post-smolt to lower temperatures resulted in altered telencephalic functions and reduced stress response capacities. However, after acclimation and prolonged exposure to lower temperatures, some level of stress resilience is still maintained.
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. A. Tang, N. Gharbi, T. O. Nilsen, M. Gorissen, S. O. Stefansson, L. O. E. Ebbesson
Summary: The successful transfer of farmed post-smolt Atlantic salmon depends on stress responses and cognitive functions, which may be challenged by increasing oceanic temperatures. This study examined the effects of transferring fish to different temperatures on stress responses and cognitive gene expression. The results showed that lower temperatures maintained normal stress responses, while higher temperatures inhibited stress responses and cognitive functions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Igor V. Polyakov, Randi B. Ingvaldsen, Andrey V. Pnyushkov, Uma S. Bhatt, Jennifer A. Francis, Markus Janout, Ronald Kwok, Ostein Skagseth
Summary: This study shows that the atmospheric Arctic Dipole (AD) modulates the inflows of warm subarctic waters, affecting sea ice, oceanic circulation, and heat fluxes in the Nordic Seas. The AD+ phase slows sea-ice loss, while a transition to the AD- phase may accelerate the decline of Arctic sea ice.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Audun H. Rikardsen, David Righton, John Fredrik Strom, Eva B. Thorstad, Patrick Gargan, Timothy Sheehan, Finn Okland, Cedar M. Chittenden, Richard D. Hedger, Tor F. Naesje, Mark Renkawitz, Johannes Sturlaugsson, Pablo Caballero, Henrik Baktoft, Jan G. Davidsen, Elina Halttunen, Serena Wright, Bengt Finstad, Kim Aarestrup
Summary: The study found that the mechanisms driving range-wide reductions in Atlantic salmon marine survival are hindered by a lack of understanding of their oceanic ecology and distribution. The individual salmon migrated further and in different directions than previously reported, showing increased diving activity near oceanographic fronts, highlighting the importance of these regions as feeding areas. Differences in oceanic distribution among individuals and populations may contribute to variations in growth and survival due to environmental conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Emile Vadboncoeur, Charlotte Nelson, Jennifer R. Hall, Kathy A. Clow, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Colin J. Brauner, Andrew K. Swanson, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: Atlantic salmon reared in sea-cages in cold temperatures experience decreased growth performance, osmoregulatory disturbance, liver dysfunction, stress, opportunistic infections, and increased mortality. In this laboratory experiment, Atlantic salmon post-smolts were exposed to a gradual decline in temperature, resulting in reduced growth and appetite, disruption of osmoregulation, increased expression of stress-related genes, and symptoms of liver dysfunction. At the lowest temperature, mortalities were observed, often associated with snout ulceration/erosion and fin rot.
Article
Biology
Eric H. Ignatz, Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Kathy A. Clow, Matthew L. Rise, A. Kurt Gamperl
Summary: The study concluded that the stress response characteristics of Atlantic salmon at low temperatures do not accurately predict their survival and stress response at high temperatures. Interestingly, the salmon showed increased feed intake at temperatures up to 22 degrees C, contrary to previous findings. The results also suggest that the thermal tolerance of this population of salmon is high, questioning the relevance of CTMax in real-world temperature changes.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mathias Stolen Ugelvik, Stig Maehle, Sussie Dalvin
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the impact of temperature on stress and immune response of Atlantic salmon to salmon lice infestation. The results showed that lice infestation affected the expression of immune and wound healing genes in the skin, especially at the attachment site. The study also found that low temperatures impaired the host immune responses toward salmon lice, but had a more detrimental effect on the lice themselves. Additionally, the fish infected with lice had a higher increase in cortisol levels, indicating a higher stress response compared to un-infested fish.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiaying Wu, Lin Zhao, Shaojuan Lai, Hongshun Yang
Summary: Heat and acidic electrolysed water were effective in reducing the amount of L. monocytogenes on salmon in this study, with AEW playing a main role and its bactericidal ability strengthened by heat in the combined treatment. Short time heat may activate the cells' protective system by accumulating amino acids and organic acids. Notably, significant decreases in certain amino acids were observed under the synergic stress of heat and AEW treatment. Pathway analysis revealed disturbed pathways explaining the bactericidal mechanism.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sylvester Dodzi Nyadanu, Gizachew A. Tessema, Ben Mullins, Bernard Kumi-Boateng, Anthony Adofo Ofosu, Gavin Pereira
Summary: This study examined the association between prenatal long-term ambient temperature exposure and stillbirth in Ghana. It found that long-term heat stress exposure was associated with a greater risk of stillbirth.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Knut Wiik Vollset, Kurt Urdal, Kjell Utne, Eva B. Thorstad, Harald Saegrov, Astrid Raunsgard, Oystein Skagseth, Robert J. Lennox, Gunnel M. Ostborg, Ola Ugedal, Arne J. Jensen, Geir H. Bolstad, Peder Fiske
Summary: Evidence suggests the presence of an ecosystem-scale regime shift in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, characterized by a sudden decrease in growth of Atlantic salmon and mackerel, as well as a decrease in the proportion of early maturing Atlantic salmon. These changes may be related to factors such as the decline in Arctic water extent in the Norwegian Sea and a reduction in zooplankton in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean.
Article
Ecology
Martin-A. Svenning, Morten Falkegard, J. Brian Dempson, Michael Power, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Gudni Guobergsson, Per Fauchald
Summary: Warming temperatures due to climate change may affect the distribution and abundance of freshwater fish species, with different species showing varying responses to temperature changes. A study in northern Europe found that increased temperatures led to changes in the catch composition of anadromous salmonids, with Arctic charr decreasing and brown trout increasing in proportion. Atlantic salmon remained stable in relative catch.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Hannele M. Honkanen, Danielle L. Orrell, Matthew Newton, Simon McKelvey, Alastair Stephen, R. Alistair Duguid, Colin E. Adams
Summary: The study found that the success rate of Atlantic salmon migration through standing waters is generally low, possibly due to a lack of navigational cues. The impact of impounded lakes on Atlantic salmon migration is not significantly different from that of naturally draining lakes, and may depend more on factors such as lake basin shape, exit route, and navigational cues available to the fish.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Camille J. Macnaughton, David Deslauriers, Erinn L. Ipsen, Emily Corey, Eva C. Enders
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Julien Arsenault, Julie Talbot, Tim R. Moore, Marie-Pierre Beauvais, Jan Franssen, Nigel T. Roulet
Article
Fisheries
Emily Corey, Tommi Linnansaari, Stephen J. Dugdale, Normand Bergeron, Jean-Francois Gendron, Michel Lapointe, Richard A. Cunjak
ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephen J. Dugdale, Lain A. Malcolm, David M. Hannah
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephen J. Dugdale, David M. Hannah, Iain A. Malcolm
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Cesar A. Rodriguez Valido, Matthew F. Johnson, Stephen J. Dugdale, Vanessa Cutts, Henry G. Fell, Emma A. Higgins, Simon Tarr, Clare M. Templey, Adam C. Algar
Summary: Climate change could potentially impact the performance of invasive species like the signal crayfish, with higher water temperatures leading to increased feeding rates. Future warming rivers may further enhance the performance of signal crayfish, exacerbating their ecological impact as an invasive species.
Article
Biology
Christian E. Torgersen, Celine Le Pichon, Aimee H. Fullerton, Stephen J. Dugdale, Jeffrey J. Duda, Floriane Giovannini, Evelyne Tales, Jerome Belliard, Paulo Branco, Normand E. Bergeron, Mathieu L. Roy, Diego Tonolla, Nicolas Lamouroux, Herve Capra, Colden V. Baxter
Summary: Over the past 30 years, landscape perspectives in riverine ecology have become increasingly popular, leading to the development of various approaches for conceptualizing, mapping and understanding 'riverscapes'. These perspectives now guide principles and approaches in inland fisheries and watershed management, with scientific literature on riverscapes growing rapidly in the last two decades, indicating their importance in freshwater science and management. The use of high-resolution, spatially intensive techniques in mapping physical and biological characteristics of rivers and floodplains has improved understanding of spatial patterns at various scales, essential for successful management of river ecosystems and implementation of conservation programs.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Stephen J. Dugdale, Julian Klaus, David M. Hannah
Summary: Headwater networks play a crucial role in river systems, but the understanding of the processes driving streamflow in headwaters is limited. The emergence of drones and thermal infrared remote sensing offers the potential to collect high-resolution data and improve this understanding. Drone-based thermal infrared technology can bridge the gap between field observations and model simulations, providing valuable insights into surface connectivity and headwater dynamics.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Antoin M. O'Sullivan, Emily Corey, Richard A. Cunjak, Tommi Linnansaari, R. Allen Curry
Summary: The study found that the complexity of hydrogeological settings can affect river temperature prediction, and the Random Forest model can better cope with these complexities, providing higher accuracy in predicting river temperatures. During the study, thermal habitat changes for Atlantic salmon and brook trout were observed, indicating that some areas are unsuitable for these fish based on different temperature thresholds.
Article
Ecology
Brittany E. Pugh, Megan Colley, Stephen J. Dugdale, Patrick Edwards, Rebecca Flitcroft, Andres Holz, Matthew Johnson, Michela Mariani, Mickey Means-Brous, Kate Meyer, Kevan B. Moffett, Lisa Renan, Franziska Schrodt, Colin Thorne, Samuel Valman, Upekala Wijayratne, Richard Field
Summary: Historically, wildfires have significantly impacted landscape-scale disturbances and enhanced biodiversity through generating temporally and spatially heterogeneous mosaics of wildfire severity and post-burn recovery. However, river management practices have often disconnected rivers from their floodplains, reducing biodiversity and increasing the likelihood of deep, uniform burns. By focusing on floodplain re-wetting and restoration, river management can reduce wildfire intensity and enhance biodiversity, contributing to climate-change resilience.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Emily Corey, Tommi Linnansaari, Richard A. A. Cunjak
Summary: Summer water temperatures exceeding lethal levels for juvenile Atlantic salmon result in abandonment of territory in favor of cooler thermal refuges. This study investigates the impact of thermal refuges on abundance patterns of salmon parr at a river scale. Results show a significant increase in the relative abundance of parr in reaches with thermal refuges after high temperature events in 2012, indicating a preference for cooler refuges. This highlights the critical role of river-wide thermal heterogeneity for the survival of juvenile salmon in summer, especially in the face of climate change.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Wendy A. Monk, Stephen J. Dugdale
Summary: This Special Issue provides an overview of current research on stream temperature in Canada, highlighting the need for better understanding of its ecological impacts. The nine papers in this Issue explore four themes: river temperature and impoundments, large-scale monitoring of river temperature, river energy budgets, and river temperature and ecology. The Issue offers insights on enhanced collaboration and integration of complementary approaches to further understand stream temperature regimes in Canada and beyond.
CANADIAN WATER RESOURCES JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Milad Fakhari, Jasmin Raymond, Richard Martel, Jean-Philippe Drolet, Stephen J. J. Dugdale, Normand Bergeron
Summary: The discharge of groundwater (GW) into surface water (SW) has significant impacts on SW quantity, quality, and temperature. Detecting zones with GW input at the watershed scale is challenging but important for river management plans. This study combined thermal infrared (TIR) imagery and radon measurements to identify GW in rivers. The results demonstrated that TIR imagery was effective for identifying GW seepage at the watershed scale, and radon measurements served as a complementary natural tracer for GW at finer scales.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Francine H. Mejia, Valerie Ouellet, Martin A. Briggs, Stephanie M. Carlson, Roser Casas-Mulet, Mollie Chapman, Mathias J. Collins, Stephen J. Dugdale, Joseph L. Ebersole, Danielle M. Frechette, Aimee H. Fullerton, Carole-Anne Gillis, Zachary C. Johnson, Christa Kelleher, Barret L. Kurylyk, Rebecca Lave, Benjamin H. Letcher, Knut M. Myrvold, Tracie-Lynn Nadeau, Helen Neville, Herve Piegay, Kathryn A. Smith, Diego Tonolla, Christian E. Torgersen
Summary: Human activities and climate change have negative impacts on coldwater organisms in freshwater ecosystems by warming rivers and streams, increasing warm temperature events, and reducing thermal heterogeneity. It is crucial to adopt cohesive management approaches to protect cold-water refuges, considering physical, biological, and social factors. Current policies for protecting thermally sensitive species include designating cold-water habitats, restricting fishing during warm periods, and implementing temperature standards or guidelines. However, these policies lack coordination and Indigenous peoples' input. We propose managing cold-water refuges as distinct operational landscape units, integrating science and management to prioritize actions and implement adaptive practices.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)