Article
Clinical Neurology
Wen Li Chia, Malik Zaben, Paul Leach
Summary: The study evaluated the use of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling in predicting future VP shunt infection, but results showed it to be unreliable with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 50.3%, similar to chance. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xiao Zhang, Pengtao Li, Junxian Wen, Jianbo Chang, Yihao Chen, Rui Yin, Houshi Xu, Xiaoyu Liu, Lang Yang, Junji Wei
Summary: VPS is effective in treating TBM-associated hydrocephalus with good short-term outcomes, but long-term prognosis and management of shunt-related complications are crucial. Complications include catheter obstruction and infection.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eng Tah Goh, Christine Lock, Audrey Jia Luan Tan, Bee Ling Tan, Sai Liang, Robin Pillay, Sumeet Kumar, Azlina Ahmad-Annuar, Vairavan Narayanan, Janell Kwok, Yi Jayne Tan, Adeline S. L. Ng, Eng King Tan, Zofia Czosnyka, Marek Czosnyka, John D. Pickard, Nicole C. Keong
Summary: This study aims to evaluate clinical responses after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) in a cohort of patients with coexisting NPH and neurodegenerative disease. The results showed that after VPS insertion, Classic NPH patients had significantly improved cognition compared to Complex NPH patients. Improvement in gait and urinary symptoms did not differ between the groups.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
X-T Wang, L-Y Zhang, H-T Lv, J. Liu, Y-H Xu
Summary: DICH after VPS surgery is a rare complication with unclear mechanisms, requiring further research. Both patients in the two cases recovered well with conservative treatment postoperatively, indicating successful surgery, but more cautious management of VPS patients is needed.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Vimal K. Paliwal, Ravindra K. Garg
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis is a deadly disease with high mortality rates, often leaving survivors with neurological disabilities. Hydrocephalus is a common complication, which may require surgical intervention.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zhijun Song, Xiaolei Chen, Zhenghui Sun, Fangye Li, Zhe Xue, Yongping Liang, Dingbiao Zhou
Summary: This study summarizes the clinical effectiveness of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) assisted with neuroendoscopy and laparoscopy for patients with communicating hydrocephalus. The surgery success rate was high, with significant improvement in symptoms of the patients. The efficiency of shunt surgery decreased with follow-up time.
TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Enrico Belgrado, Yan Tereshko, Francesco Tuniz, Christian Lettieri, Daniele Bagatto, Sara Fabbro, Daniele Piccolo, Gian Luigi Gigli, Miran Skrap, Mariarosaria Valente
Summary: This study evaluated extrapyramidal signs in iNPH patients and assessed the changes after the Tap Test using MDS-UPDRS-III. The results showed significant improvement in definite and probable iNPH groups on MDS-UPDRS-III score after the Tap Test. MDS-UPDRS-III may be a useful tool for diagnosing iNPH and identifying candidates for Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunting.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhiqin Lin, Dongxia Liao, Dao Zheng, Fuxin Lin, Yuanxiang Lin, Zhongli Jiang, Xiaohui Ren, Song Lin
Summary: Trapped temporal horn (TTH), a form of localized hydrocephalus, can be effectively treated with cerebrospinal fluid shunting. Temporal-to-frontal horn shunt (TFHS) has been proposed as an alternative to ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) for TTH, offering promising results with lower complexity and invasiveness. This study compares the outcomes of TFHS and VPS in patients undergoing surgery for trigonal or peritrigonal tumors. The results show that TFHS has similar revision rates to VPS at 30-day, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups, with no significant differences in operative duration, postoperative pain, or length of hospital stay. TFHS also demonstrates a trend towards lower rates of overdrainage and is associated with reduced costs for shunt placement and revision compared to VPS.
NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Glenn M. C. Froeschle, Johanna Hagens, Philip Mannweiler, Friederike Sophie Groth, Gertrud Kammler, Konrad Reinshagen, Christian Tomuschat
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the management of appendicitis and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in a major pediatric surgery department in Germany. The study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with VPS and acute abdomen between 2012 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups (appendicitis and primary peritonitis) and their diagnostics, operative approach, complications, culture results, and antibiotic treatment were examined. A total of 17 patients were included, with 7 in the appendicitis group and 10 in the primary peritonitis group. The study found that patients in the appendicitis group were typically younger, sicker, and more likely to have neurological symptoms. All appendicitis patients had their VPS exteriorized and a new shunt system reimplanted after 20 days. The study suggests that aggressive surgical care and the change of the entire shunt system should be administered to patients with acute abdomen and VPS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Uberti, A. Mostofi, A. Nitkunan, J. Kimber, E. A. C. Pereira
Summary: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension presents with headaches and visual loss, treatment options include medication, lumbar punctures, or CSF diversion. Oxytetracycline can cause acute drug-induced intracranial hypertension, requiring timely intervention.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Zhang, Ping Li, Jifeng Zhang, Chunyang Li, Peng Sun, Fujun Li, Zhuomin Jiao
Summary: This report describes a case of severe parkinsonism and akinetic mutism after ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. F-18-FDG-PET showed cortical and subcortical hypometabolism, which significantly improved with levodopa treatment. This supports the hypothesis that dopamine deficiency inhibits brain metabolism and further elucidates the pathogenesis of parkinsonism and akinetic mutism.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abhishek Shridhar, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Imran Rizvi, Mili Jain, Wahid Ali, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Verma, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey
Summary: This study evaluated the proportion of underlying primary immunodeficiency in patients with tuberculous meningitis and its impact on the outcome. The results showed that absolute lymphocyte count and CD4+ T-cell count were lower in tuberculous meningitis cases, and higher serum IgG levels may be associated with a poor outcome.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Robindra Basu Roy, Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Chishala Chabala, Diana M. Gibb, Julie Huynh, Hilda Mujuru, Naveen Sankhyan, James A. Seddon, Suvasini Sharma, Varinder Singh, Eric Wobudeya, Suzanne T. Anderson
Summary: Children affected by tuberculous meningitis have complex needs that may not be fully addressed within current tuberculosis and meningitis programs. By applying the five pillars outlined in the global roadmap, specific goals and activities can be implemented to defeat TBM in children. Integration between meningitis and TB programs at both the WHO and national levels is crucial for addressing these needs effectively.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karen du Preez, Helen E. Jenkins, Peter R. Donald, Regan S. Solomons, Stephen M. Graham, H. Simon Schaaf, Jeffrey R. Starke, Anneke C. Hesseling, James A. Seddon
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a significant cause of illness and death in children with tuberculosis (TB), but there are currently no estimates of the global burden of pediatric TBM. Due to non-specific symptoms and limited diagnostic tests, children with TBM are often diagnosed late or not at all. Even with diagnosis and treatment, 20% of children with TBM still die and survivors often have significant neurological disabilities. Improved surveillance of pediatric TBM is crucial for prevention, early diagnosis, and improved care.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Clare Logan, Claire Mullender, Miriam Mirfenderesky, Nicholas Feasey, Catherine Cosgrove, Peter Riley, Angela Houston, Tom Harrison, Tihana Bicanic, Phil Rich, Paul Hart, Sile F. Molloy, Derek C. Macallan
Summary: A study on CNS-TB in a low-incidence setting with accessible healthcare found lower mortality but significant neurological sequelae among survivors. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for both TBM and TBML cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ravindra Kumar Garg, Vimal Kumar Paliwal, Ankit Gupta
Summary: This review examines the clinical, neuroimaging, treatment, and prognostic aspects of spinal cord disorders associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Various manifestations of COVID-19-related spinal cord disorders have been reported, but treatment outcomes have generally been unsatisfactory, requiring long-term rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Kaushal Kishor Agrawal, Pooran Chand, Saumyendra Vikram Singh, Neetu Singh, Prashant Gupta, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Mohd Anwar, Anil Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms and early crestal bone loss around dental implants. The results showed that individuals with interleukin-1B-511 AA and interleukin-6-572 GG genotypes were more susceptible to early bone loss. This has significant implications for bone development and health around dental implants.
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Manish Ramesh Patil, Imran Rizvi, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Rajesh Verma, Praveen Kumar Sharma
Summary: Approximately 15.3% of patients with tuberculous meningitis needed re-hospitalization, with paradoxical neurological deterioration being the main reason. Re-hospitalization had an adverse impact on prognosis.
ACTA NEUROLOGICA BELGICA
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Himanshu Dandu, Manish Kumar, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Naveen Kumar, Neeraj Kumar, Prashant Gupta, Bipin Puri, Geeta Yadav
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of T-cells in mucormycosis patients and found that T-cell immune dysfunction is more severe in non-COVID patients, indicating a continuous activation followed by extreme exhaustion state.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kinzang Wangda, Neeraj Kumar, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Imran Rizvi, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Kiran Preet Malhotra, Rajesh Verma, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Anit Parihar, Amita Jain
Summary: Disseminated neurocysticercosis was found in patients with multiple neurocysticercosis brain lesions. Treatment with albendazole resulted in a significant reduction in neurocysticercosis lesions throughout the body.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Rohit Anand, Shweta Pandey, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Shrikant Shrivastava, Sujita Kumar Kar, Sumit Rungta, Rajesh Verma, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Ravi Uniyal, Imran Rizvi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the phenomenology, predictors of reversibility, and impact on the quality of life of drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs). The results showed that drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) was the most common and often reversible DIMD, while levosulpiride was notorious for causing DIMD in the elderly.
Article
Virology
Vijayaragavan Vijayavarman, Hardeep S. S. Malhotra, Imran Rizvi, Neeraj Kumar, Shweta Pandey, Mili Jain, Wahid Ali, Vinay Suresh, Ravindra K. K. Garg, Amita Jain, Rajesh Verma, Praveen Sharma, Ravi Uniyal
Summary: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic progressive neurological condition caused by a defective measles virus. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of immune dysregulation in SSPE patients and assess the correlation between measured immunological variables and disability/death at 6 months.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ravindra Kumar Garg, Vimal Paliwal, Imran Rizvi, Shweta Pandey, Ravi Uniyal, Smriti Agrawal, Richa Khanna
Summary: This systematic review focuses on the maternal and foetal outcomes among pregnant women with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). The study found that SSPE in pregnancy usually has devastating consequences, but the majority of foetuses can survive. SSPE is often missed as it mimics eclampsia. Universal early childhood measles vaccination is the only way to fight this menace.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sanjeev Kumar Yadav, Abhishek Jauhari, Nishant Singh, Anuj Pandey, Sana Sarkar, Shweta Pandey, Ravindra K. Garg, Devendra Parmar, Sanjay Yadav
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons. Currently, diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms, but these become visible only after a significant degeneration of neurons. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular degeneration process and identifying new biomarkers are crucial for effective management of the disease.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ravi Uniyal, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar, Shweta Pandey, Imran Rizvi, Amita Jain, Nidhi Tejan, Rupesh Singh Kirar
Summary: We present a case of a 37-year-old man with visual loss and visual hallucinations. He also had seizures. Examination showed no perception of light rays and disc oedema with peripapillary small haemorrhages. MRI revealed abnormalities in white and gray matter, and CSF examination showed the presence of anti-measles IgG antibodies. This case highlights the importance of considering SSPE in the differential diagnosis of acute vision loss in measles-endemic regions.
NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ravindra Kumar Garg, Vimal Paliwal, Shweta Pandey, Ravi Uniyal, Kaushal Kishore Agrawal
Summary: In this systematic review, the etiological spectrum of multiple ring-enhancing lesions of the brain was evaluated. It was found that immunocompromised patients were more likely to be caused by Toxoplasma gondii infections and CNS lymphoma, while immunocompetent patients were more commonly associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and immune-related demyelinating disorders.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ravindra Kumar Garg, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Nidhi Tejan, Imran Rizvi, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Hardeep Singh Malhotra
Summary: This systematic review provides evidence of CNS involvement in leprosy, based on autopsy findings, neuroimaging, CSF analysis and neurophysiological studies.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Ravindra Kumar Garg, Shweta Pandey, Imran Rizvi, Ravi Uniyal, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Vimal Paliwal
Summary: This systematic review examines the seizure characteristics, specifically seizure semiology, in patients with SSPE, as well as the impact of seizures on the course of the disease. Multiple databases were used to gather information, and the quality of the data was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. The review identified common seizure types and difficulties in controlling seizures in these patients.
CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Geeta Yadav, Himanshu Dandu, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Shailendra Prasad Verma, Wahid Ali
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)