Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Semiu O. Gbadamosi, Mary Jo Trepka, Rahel Dawit, Zoran Bursac, Andrea Raymond, Rober A. Ladner, Diana M. Sheehan
Summary: HIV transmission risk significantly increases when HIV viral load exceeds 1500 copies/mL. This study analyzed the percentage of person-time spent with viral load above 1500 copies/mL (pPT > 1500) and its associations with demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors among HIV-positive individuals. The results showed that younger age, AIDS diagnosis, and reported drug use in the preceding 12 months were associated with a higher pPT > 1500. Tailored interventions should be implemented to minimize transmission risk among groups with consistent viremia.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eleni Seyoum, Meaza Demissie, Alemayehu Worku, Adane Mihret, Alemseged Abdissa, Yemane Berhane
Summary: This study found that individuals coinfected with viral hepatitis were less likely to stay on antiretroviral treatment (ART) compared to HIV monoinfected individuals. The low retention rate in the coinfected group may impact the long-term survival success of people living with HIV. More efforts are needed to retain coinfected individuals in long-term ART care, at least to the level of monoinfected persons. Future studies should focus on better understanding the retention differences, preferably in a prospective manner.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anita Mesic, Tom Decroo, Htay Thet Mar, Bart K. M. Jacobs, Moe Pyae Thandar, Thin Thin Thwe, Aung Aung Kyaw, Mitchell Sangma, David Beversluis, Elkin Bermudez-Aza, Alexander Spina, Darli Po Po Aung, Erwan Piriou, Koert Ritmeijer, Josefien Van Olmen, Htun Nyunt Oo, Lutgarde Lynen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between viraemic-time and clinical outcomes in a second-line ART cohort in Myanmar. The results showed that key populations were at risk for having a higher viraemic-time and viraemic-time was predictive of mortality. Therefore, differentiated services targeting subgroups at risk for a higher viraemic-time are necessary to control HIV transmission and mortality.
Article
Dermatology
Jennifer Xu, Kyra Gill, Akshay Flora, Emily Kozera, John W. Frew
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of biological therapy on CD4(+) cell counts, CD4(+) proportion, and HIV viral load in individuals with well-controlled HIV and psoriasis. The study found that biological therapy for psoriasis does not significantly affect HIV viral load, CD4(+) cell count, CD4(+) proportion, and rates of infection in individuals with HIV. This study is important as it provides preliminary evidence for the use of biological therapy in individuals with HIV.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan Landes, Monique van Lettow, Joep J. van Oosterhout, Erik Schouten, Andrew Auld, Thokozani Kalua, Andreas Jahn, Beth A. Tippett Barr
Summary: Long-term viral load suppression is essential for eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV in reproductive-aged women on ART, but data from sub-Saharan Africa is limited. Detectable virus early post-partum greatly increases the risk of ongoing viremia, emphasizing the need for intensified monitoring and adherence support during pregnancy and post-partum.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marie-jo Medina, Joshua Nazareth, Helen M. Dillon, Christopher J. Wighton, Srini Bandi, Daniel Pan, Karl G. Nicholson, Tristan W. Clark, Peter W. Andrew, Manish Pareek
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the natural transmission of respiratory viruses from children to adults using a novel method. The results showed that 15% of contacts were infected with respiratory viruses after a 30-minute interaction with infected children, primarily rhinoviruses, and transmission was inversely associated with being male.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Isabel Brosius, Christophe Van Dijck, Jasmine Coppens, Leen Vandenhove, Eugene Bangwen, Fien Vanroye, Jacob Verschueren, Sabine Zange, Joachim Bugert, Johan Michiels, Emmanuel Bottieau, Patrick Soentjens, Johan van Griensven, Chris Kenyon, Kevin Arien, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Koen Vercauteren, Laurens Liesenborghs
Summary: A prospective longitudinal cohort study conducted on high-risk contacts of mpox patients in Antwerp, Belgium revealed that the risk of infection after exposure to clade IIb mpox virus (MPXV) is uncertain, and presymptomatic shedding of MPXV has been established. Out of the included participants, 66.0% of sexual contacts and 14.0% of non-sexual contacts showed evidence of MPXV infection by PCR testing. The study also found cases with typical mpox symptoms and confirmed the existence of presymptomatic shedding of replication-competent MPXV, highlighting the high transmission risk during sexual contact.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sjoerd Euser, Sem Aronson, Irene Manders, Steven van Lelyveld, Bjorn Herpers, Jan Sinnige, Jayant Kalpoe, Claudia van Gemeren, Dominic Snijders, Ruud Jansen, Sophie Schuurmans Stekhoven, Marlies van Houten, Ivar Lede, James Cohen Stuart, Fred Slijkerman Megelink, Erik Kapteijns, Jeroen den Boer, Elisabeth Sanders, Alex Wagemakers, Dennis Souverein
Summary: In patients tested by Public Health Services, there is an increase in SARS-CoV-2 viral load with age. Children under 12 years old have lower viral loads compared to adults, and they also show fewer positive test results than other patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anika Singanayagam, Seran Hakki, Jake Dunning, Kieran J. Madon, Michael A. Crone, Aleksandra Koycheva, Nieves Derqui-Fernandez, Jack L. Barnett, Michael G. Whitfield, Robert Varro, Andre Charlett, Rhia Kundu, Joe Fenn, Jessica Cutajar, Valerie Quinn, Emily Conibear, Wendy Barclay, Paul S. Freemont, Graham P. Taylor, Shazaad Ahmad, Maria Zambon, Neil M. Ferguson, Ajit Lalvani
Summary: Vaccination reduces the risk of delta variant infection and accelerates viral clearance. However, fully vaccinated individuals with breakthrough infections may still have similar peak viral loads as unvaccinated cases and can efficiently transmit the infection.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chao Zhou, Wei Zhang, Rongrong Lu, Lin Ouyang, Hui Xing, Yiming Shao, Guohui Wu, Yuhua Ruan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of high baseline viral load (VL) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes among HIV-infected patients. The findings suggest that patients with high VL at ART initiation have a significantly higher risk of AIDS-related death and virologic failure. Therefore, optimizing the treatment regimen and initiating ART early may effectively reduce mortality among patients with a high baseline VL.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yoshan Moodley, Andrew Tomita, Tulio de Oliveira, Frank Tanser
Summary: A population-based cohort study conducted in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa found a significant association between high viral load and pregnancy loss, emphasizing the importance of effective ART management, treatment adherence interventions, and viral load monitoring during pregnancy for women living with HIV.
Article
Immunology
Birgit Schramm, Elvis Temfack, Diane Descamps, Sarala Nicholas, Gilles Peytavin, Joseph E. Bitilinyu-Bangoh, Alexandre Storto, Minh P. Le, Basma Abdi, Janet Ousley, Thokozani Kalua, Vincent Calvez, Andreas Jahn, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Elisabeth Szumilin
Summary: This study assessed viral load and HIV drug resistance in adult patients transitioning to TLD treatment without previous viral load testing. The results showed high viral load suppression rates with TLD treatment after 1 year, but some patients had suboptimal adherence and potential drug resistance issues.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anees Bahji, Yu Li, Rachel Vickers-Smith, Stephen Crystal, Robert D. Kerns, Kirsha S. Gordon, Alexandria Macmadu, Melissa Skanderson, Kaku So-Armah, Minhee L. Sung, Fiona Bhondoekhan, Brandon D. L. Marshall, E. Jennifer Edelman
Summary: Among people with HIV receiving ART, cannabis use is associated with decreased adherence in unadjusted analyses but does not appear to directly impact viral control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura N. Broyles, Robert Luo, Debi Boeras, Lara Vojnov
Summary: This article summarizes the risk of sexual transmission of HIV from individuals with low-level viral loads and emphasizes its importance in public health. The review of 8 studies shows that the risk of HIV transmission is almost zero when viral loads are below 1000 copies per mL. These findings can help destigmatize HIV and promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy.
Article
Immunology
Kai Kammers, Athena Chen, Daniel R. Monaco, Sarah E. Hudelson, Wendy Grant-McAuley, Richard D. Moore, Galit Alter, Steven G. Deeks, Charles S. Morrison, Leigh A. Eller, Joel N. Blankson, Oliver Laeyendecker, Ingo Ruczinski, Susan H. Eshleman, H. Benjamin Larman
Summary: Low HIV viral load is linked to delayed disease progression and reduced transmission, with HIV controllers able to suppress viral load without treatment. The study used the VirScan antibody profiling system to compare antibody reactivity in different HIV groups. Results showed that controllers had higher antibody reactivity to certain peptides compared to non-controllers who were virally suppressed on ART.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
James L. Graham, Lokesh Shahani, Richard M. Grimes, Christine Hartman, Thomas P. Giordano
AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS
(2015)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anne Zinski, Andrew O. Westfall, Lytt I. Gardner, Thomas P. Giordano, Tracey E. Wilson, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Jeanne C. Keruly, Allan E. Rodriguez, Faye Malitz, D. Scott Batey, Michael J. Mugavero
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2015)
Article
Immunology
Ram K. Shrestha, Lytt Gardner, Gary Marks, Jason Craw, Faye Malitz, Thomas P. Giordano, Meg Sullivan, Jeanne Keruly, Allan Rodriguez, Tracey E. Wilson, Michael Mugavero
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2015)
Article
Immunology
Lytt I. Gardner, Gary Marks, Lokesh Shahani, Thomas P. Giordano, Tracey E. Wilson, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Jeanne C. Keruly, David Scott Batey, Lisa R. Metsch
Article
Immunology
Thomas P. Giordano, Jeffrey Cully, K. Rivet Amico, Jessica A. Davila, Michael A. Kallen, Christine Hartman, Jackie Wear, April Buscher, Melinda Stanley
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2016)
Article
Immunology
Gary Marks, Unnati Patel, Michael J. Stirratt, Michael J. Mugavero, William C. Mathews, Thomas P. Giordano, Nicole Crepaz, Lytt I. Gardner, Cynthia Grossman, Jessica Davila, Meg Sullivan, Charles E. Rose, Christine O'Daniels, Allan Rodriguez, Andrew J. Wawrzyniak, Matthew R. Golden, Shireesha Dhanireddy, Jacqueline Ellison, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Lisa R. Metsch, Edward R. Cachay
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2016)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jessica A. Davila, Christine Hartman, Jeffrey Cully, Melinda Stanley, K. Rivet Amico, Elizabeth Soriano, Sophie Minick, Sarah B. May, Thomas P. Giordano
HIV CLINICAL TRIALS
(2017)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Bich N. Dang, Robert A. Westbrook, Sarah M. Njue, Thomas P. Giordano
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Daniel Kelly, Gabriel Warren Schlough, Suleiman Conteh, M. Bailor Barrie, Brima Kargbo, Thomas P. Giordano
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophie G. Minick, Crystal L. Stafford, Barbara L. Kertz, Jeffery A. Cully, Melinda A. Stanley, Jessica A. Davila, Bich N. Dang, Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas, Thomas P. Giordano
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Serena Rajabiun, Kendra Davis-Plourde, Melinda Tinsley, Emily K. Quinn, Deborah Borne, Manisha H. Maskay, Thomas P. Giordano, Howard J. Cabral
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sarah B. May, Thomas P. Giordano, Assaf Gottlieb
Summary: By developing and evaluating an updated criteria-based phenotyping algorithm, we successfully identified more people with HIV, showing higher sensitivity and accuracy than existing algorithms, and reflecting the demographic characteristics of those reported in national and local HIV surveillance data.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laura M. Bogart, Glenn J. Wagner, William Musoke, Rose Naigino, Sebastian Linnemayr, Emily Maistrellis, David J. Klein, Riana B. Jumamil, Barbara Mukasa, Ingrid V. Bassett, Thomas P. Giordano, Rhoda K. Wanyenze
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bich N. Dang, Robert A. Westbrook, Christine M. Hartman, Thomas P. Giordano
Article
Health Policy & Services
Laura N. Medford-Davis, Katharine Yang, Siavash Pasalar, M. Tyson Pillow, Nancy P. Miertschin, William F. Peacock, Thomas P. Giordano, Shkelzen Hoxhaj
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2016)