Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad M. Ahmadzai, Luisa Seguella, Brian D. Gulbransen
Summary: In the enteric nervous system, glia control gastrointestinal motility through bidirectional communication with neurons, and respond to stimulation in different directions. Cholinergic signaling specifies glia to descending circuitry, while purinergic signaling recruits glia to enhance activity in ascending circuit pathways, providing insights into the functional breadth of peripheral glia. Pharmacological manipulation of glial signaling alters neuronal responses in a sex-dependent manner, highlighting the importance of the balance between purinergic and cholinergic signaling in controlling specific circuit activity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marvin Bubeck, Christoph Becker, Jay V. Patankar
Summary: The intestinal mucosal surface, which is in direct contact with the environment, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis through the coordinated actions of immune, epithelial, and neuronal cells. The enteric nervous system has been found to have important functions in regulating and maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the neuro-immune-epithelial mechanisms ensuring intestinal barrier integrity and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Crystal Woods, Amanda R. Flockton, Laurie E. Wallace, Catherine M. Keenan, Wendy B. Macklin, Keith A. Sharkey, Jaime Belkind-Gerson
Summary: Proteolipid protein 1 (Plp1) is highly expressed in enteric glia and plays a regulatory role in gut motility and barrier function, possibly through the Erk1/2 pathway. The absence of myelin in the enteric nervous system suggests another role for Plp1 in the gut.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Fernando A. Vicentini, Catherine M. Keenan, Laurie E. Wallace, Crystal Woods, Jean-Baptiste Cavin, Amanda R. Flockton, Wendy B. Macklin, Jaime Belkind-Gerson, Simon A. Hirota, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: The study demonstrates the role of the gut microbiota in regulating the structure and function of the GI tract in a sex-independent manner. The microbiota is essential for maintaining ENS integrity by regulating enteric neuronal survival and promoting neurogenesis. Molecular determinants such as LPS and SCFA play a key role in regulating enteric neuronal survival and neurogenesis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nan Tang, Qiangqing Yu, Chunxia Mei, Jialiang Wang, Linlin Wang, Gang Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Wei Chen
Summary: This study found that Bifidobacterium bifidum CCFM1163 can effectively alleviate cathartic colon symptoms by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function, improving intestinal motility, and relieving constipation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Cheng, Mengyu Du, Shuxuan He, Lan Yang, Xi Wang, Hui Gao, Haiqing Chang, Wei Gao, Yan Li, Qiang Wang, Yansong Li
Summary: By inhibiting platelet activation, intestinal barrier dysfunction and EGCs activation can be mitigated, improving the survival rate and intestinal damage in septic mice.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Cheng, Mengyu Du, Shuxuan He, Lan Yang, Xi Wang, Hui Gao, Haiqing Chang, Wei Gao, Yan Li, Qiang Wang, Yansong Li
Summary: Inhibition of platelet activation can promote intestinal barrier function and improve survival rate of septic mice by suppressing the CD40L-CD40-TRAF6 signaling pathway and reducing EGCs activation.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Verena Pawolski, Mirko H. H. Schmidt
Summary: The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a major part of the peripheral nervous system, receiving increasing attention in recent years. ENS development is mainly derived from vagal and sacral neural crest cell portions, regulated by various signaling molecules. The fully formed adult ENS may react to injury with neurogenesis and gliogenesis, but the origin of differentiating cells remains under debate.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Meir, Felix Kannapin, Markus Diefenbacher, Yalda Ghoreishi, Catherine Kollmann, Sven Flemming, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Jens Waschke, Patrick Leven, Reiner Schneider, Sven Wehner, Natalie Burkard, Nicolas Schlegel
Summary: These findings indicate that enteric glial cells (EGCs) maintain intestinal epithelial barrier function (IEB) by synthesizing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). The protective effects of GDNF on IEB function are mediated through the RET receptor, as shown in experiments using EGC supernatants and GDNF-deficient EGCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Keith A. Sharkey, Gary M. Mawe
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract is the most complex organ system in the body, controlling digestion and defense functions through the enteric nervous system. This system interacts with the immune system, gut microbiota, and epithelium to maintain mucosal defense and barrier function. Recent developments have improved our understanding of the molecular architecture, function, and regulation of the enteric nervous system, highlighting its importance in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fatima B. Saldana-Morales, Dasom V. Kim, Ming-Ting Tsai, Gretchen E. Diehl
Summary: A coordinated response between the epithelium, immune system, and enteric nervous system is crucial for proper intestinal function during both health and disease. These systems work together to support digestion and recovery following injury or pathogenic infections by responding to common stimuli.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamas Kovacs, Viktoria Halasy, Csongor Petho, Emoke Szocs, Adam Soos, David Dora, Pascal de Santa Barbara, Sandrine Faure, Rhian Stavely, Allan M. Goldstein, Nandor Nagy, Nicolas Pilon
Summary: The enteric nervous system (ENS) is derived from vagal neural crest cells and plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal development. This study shows that the avian ceca, located at the junction of the midgut and hindgut, are necessary for hindgut ENS development. It also highlights the importance of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signaling pathways in the migration of enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCDC) and the formation of enteric ganglia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madushani Herath, Ellie Cho, Ulrika Marklund, Ashley E. Franks, Joel C. Bornstein, Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
Summary: Mutations in the Nlgn3 gene are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. This study characterizes the expression of Nlgn3 in the enteric nervous system using RNA in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. The results show that Nlgn3 mRNA is expressed in cholinergic and VIP-expressing submucosal neurons, nitrergic and calretinin-containing myenteric neurons, and glial cells. The autism-associated R451C mutation reduces Nlgn3 mRNA expression in cholinergic submucosal neurons and certain myenteric neurons and glial cells. These findings contribute to the understanding of the role of Nlgn3 in GI dysfunction in ASD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yukiko Ohara, Lisa Fujimura, Akemi Sakamoto, Youichi Teratake, Shuichi Hiraoka, Haruhiko Koseki, Takeshi Saito, Keita Terui, Tetsuya Mitsunaga, Mitsuyuki Nakata, Hideo Yoshida, Masahiko Hatano
Summary: The study found that the megacolon and enteric neuron hyperplasia in KO mice are influenced by genetic background. BALB/c KO mice may serve as a valuable model for functional gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic constipation, aiding in research on underlying mechanisms and providing a foundation for treatment development.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shivani Ghaisas, Dilshan S. Harichandra, Bharathi Palaniswamy, Alexandra Proctor, Huajun Jin, Somak Dutta, Souvarish Sarkar, Monica Langley, Gary Zenitsky, Vellareddy Anantharam, Arthi Kanthasamy, Gregory J. Phillips, Anumantha Kanthasamy
Summary: Chronic environmental exposure to manganese can cause severe damage to the central nervous system, and its potential toxic effects on the enteric nervous system have yet to be assessed. The study found that Mn preferentially induced mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat EGC line and resulted in inflammation in the ENS in vivo.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brent D. Bauman, Maria Evasovich, Amanda Louiselle, Eugene Zheng, Kevin Goodwin, Miroslav Sekulic, Faqian Li, Raphael Andrade, Bradley J. Segura
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2017)
Article
Pediatrics
Emma J. Cordes, Melanie LaPlant, Daniel A. Saltzman, Robert D. Acton, Bradley J. Segura, Donavon J. Hess
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2018)
Article
Pediatrics
Melanie B. LaPlant, Daniel A. Saltzman, Jocelyn Rosen, Robert D. Acton, Bradley J. Segura, Donavon J. Hess
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2019)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Kari Schneider, Hai Nguyen-Tran, Bradley J. Segura, Raymond G. Areaux, Dan Nerheim, Jeffrey P. Louie
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2020)
Review
Surgery
Brett Michelotti, Bradley J. Segura, Indranil Sau, Sonia Perez-Bertolez, Jose M. Prince, Timothy D. Kane
JOURNAL OF LAPAROENDOSCOPIC & ADVANCED SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
(2010)
Article
Pediatrics
Jennifer D. Lobo, Anne C. Kim, Ryan P. Davis, Bradley J. Segura, Hilary Alpert, Daniel H. Teitelbaum, James D. Geiger, George B. Mychaliska
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2010)
Article
Pediatrics
John D. Rutkoski, Bradley J. Segura, Timothy D. Kane
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2011)
Article
Pediatrics
Danielle M. Goetz, Cortland Burns, Bradley J. Segura, Daniel J. Weiner
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Pediatrics
Melanie B. LaPlant, Mariya E. Skube, Daniel A. Saltzman, Robert D. Acton, Bradley J. Segura, Donavon J. Hess
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Garima Singh, Bradley J. Segura, Michael K. Georgieff, Tate Gisslen
Summary: Research shows that prenatal LPS exposure-induced FIRS attenuates the hippocampal immune response to postnatal LPS in premature infants, without evidence of immune tolerance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marjorie N. Odegard, Frederick W. Endorf, Chad J. Richardson, Donavon J. Hess, Bradley J. Segura, Rachel M. Nygaard
Summary: Sternal fracture is not independently associated with the need for a higher level of care or mortality after discharge in pediatric blunt trauma patients.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
BJ Segura, WZ Zhang, LQ Xiao, CD Logsdon, MW Mulholland
MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH
(2005)
Article
Neurosciences
WZ Zhang, BJ Segura, TR Lin, YX Hu, MW Mulholland
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
WZ Zhang, BJ Segura, MW Mulholland
Editorial Material
Surgery
Meghal Shah, Tejas S. Sathe, Sukriti Bansal, Anai N. Kothari, Sophie Dream
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Surgery
Zafer Turkyilmaz, Ramazan Karabulut, Kaan Sonmez
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Surgery
Priyanka Jadhav, Gerald Gollin
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Surgery
Kheira Hireche, Ludovic Canaud, Pierre Antoine Peyron, Linda Sakhri, Isabelle Serres, Sanaa Kamel, Youcef Lounes, Thomas Gandet, Pierre Alric
Summary: This study evaluated the elastic properties of commonly used vascular substitutes for pulmonary artery replacement and compared their compliance and stiffness indexes to human pulmonary artery. The results showed that allogenic arterial grafts appeared to be the most suitable vascular substitutes in terms of compliance and stiffness for PA replacement.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Margaret Siu, Aixa Perez Coulter, Heather M. Grant, Reginald Alouidor, Michael Tirabassi
Summary: There is no significant difference in adverse respiratory events between intubated, critically ill patients requiring operative intervention who are kept NPO for 6 hours or longer compared to those kept NPO for less than 6 hours. Patients commonly experience periods of fasting much longer than the recommended 6-hour period by the American Society of Anesthesiologists.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Whitney Elks, Allison G. McNickle, Matthew Kelecy, Kavita Batra, Shirley Wong, Shawn Wang, Lisa Angotti, Deborah A. Kuhls, Charles St Hill, Syed F. Saquib, Paul J. Chestovich, Douglas R. Fraser
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of early and late enteral feeding after PEG placement on achieving nutritional therapy goals and adverse outcomes. The results showed that patients with early initiation of feeds achieved a higher percentage of goals on day 0 without an increased rate of adverse events.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Manisha B. Bhatia, Cassandra M. Anderson, Abdiwahab N. Hussein, Brian Opondo, Nereah Aruwa, Otieno Okumu, Sarah G. Fisher, Tasha Sparks Joplin, JoAnna L. Hunter-Squires, Brian W. Gray, Peter W. Saula
Summary: This study aimed to understand postoperative pediatric nutrition practices in Kenya and the United States. The results showed that in the United States, patients initiated enteral nutrition earlier and had shorter hospital stays. However, in Kenya, patients initiated enteral nutrition earlier but had no significant difference in hospital stays.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
David P. Stonko, Joseph Edwards, Hossam Abdou, Rebecca Treffalls, Patrick Walker, Jonathan J. Morrison
Summary: Raising mean arterial pressure (MAP) >90 mmHg with norepinephrine can increase gastroduodenal artery (GDA) flow and delay bowel ischemia.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
David R. Mann, Kathryn E. Engelhardt, Barry C. Gibney, Macelyn E. Batten, Eric C. Klipsch, Rupak Mukherjee, Ian C. Bostock
Summary: Pathologic upstaging is associated with decreased overall survival in cT1b esophageal cancer. Esophagectomy has better survival outcomes compared to endoscopic local tumor excision. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy does not improve overall survival in cT1b lesions.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Ross Mudgway, Zachary Tran, Juan C. Quispe Espiritu, Woo Bin Bong, Hayden Schultz, Vamsi Vemireddy, Aarthy Kannappan, Marcos Michelotti, Kaushik Mukherjee, Jeffrey Quigley, Keith Scharf, Daniel Srikureja, Sharon S. Lum, Esther Wu
Summary: Comparison of medium-term outcomes between robotic-assisted cholecystectomy (RC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using validated quality of life (QoL) and pain assessments did not show significant differences.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Ningjie Chen, Haitao Wang, Yang Shao, Jincun Yang, Guodong Song
Summary: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) prepared from elderly individuals and young adults in treating pressure ulcers (PUs). The results showed that PRP from young adults had higher platelet concentrations and greater production of growth factors, leading to better wound healing.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Brendin R. Beaulieu-Jones, Margaret T. Berrigan, Kortney A. Robinson, Jayson S. Marwaha, Tara S. Kent, Gabriel A. Brat
Summary: Introduction: Prescription opioids, including those prescribed after surgery, have greatly contributed to the US opioid epidemic. Educating opioid prescribers is a crucial component of ensuring the safe use of opioids among surgical patients. This study implemented an annual education curriculum for new surgical prescribers, resulting in significant improvements in knowledge and comfort levels. However, there remains a persistent knowledge and comfort gap among these prescribers.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Sneha G. Bhat, Madhuri Nagaraj, Courtney Balentine, Timothy Hogan, Jennie Meier, Hillary Prince, Kareem Abdelfattah, Herbert Zeh, Benjamin Levi
Summary: This pilot study examined the effects of a structured mental fitness program on academic surgeons and found significant improvement in Positive Intelligence (PQ) scores, as well as increased connectedness and shared language among participants. However, there were no significant changes in sleep, well-being, or teaching evaluations.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Kristin E. Cox, Michael A. Turner, Siamak Amirfakhri, Thinzar M. Lavin, Mojgan Hosseini, Pradipta Ghosh, Marygorret Obonyo, Takashi Murakami, Robert M. Hoffman, Paul J. Yazaki, Michael Bouvet
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using humanized anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibodies conjugated with near-infrared dyes to specifically label gastric cancers in mouse models. Orthotopic models showed bright and specific labeling with more than ten times higher tumor-to-background ratios compared to the control. This tumor-specific fluorescent antibody has promising potential as a clinical tool for improving visualization of gastric cancer margins during surgical resection.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Surgery
Sarah Maki, Melissa Leon, Emily Glenn, Tiffany Tanner, Crystal Krause
Summary: This scoping review analyzed the literature on the use of broadband personality tests in the bariatric surgical population to optimize weight loss outcomes. The study found significant associations between personality scales and weight loss, but inconsistent reporting of outcome measures made it challenging to draw concrete conclusions. The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery recommends standardization of outcome reporting to improve the reliability of predicting weight loss outcomes.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)