期刊
DNA REPAIR
卷 32, 期 -, 页码 33-42出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.04.011
关键词
Base excision repair; DNA glycosylase; Deamination; Oxidation; Demethylation; 5-Methylcytosine; CpG site; Methyl binding domain 4; Thymine DNA glycosylase; G.T mispair
资金
- National Cancer Institute [CA078412, CA06927]
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM072711]
- Pennsylvania Department of Health
Cytosine methylation at CpG dinucleotides is a central component of epigenetic regulation in vertebrates, and the base excision repair (BER) pathway is important for maintaining both the genetic stability and the methylation status of CpG sites. This perspective focuses on two enzymes that are of particular importance for the genetic and epigenetic integrity of CpG sites, methyl binding domain 4 (MBD4) and thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG). We discuss their capacity for countering C to T mutations at CpG sites, by initiating base excision repair of G.T mismatches generated by deamination of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). We also consider their role in active DNA demethylation, including pathways that are initiated by oxidation and/or deamination of 5mC. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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