The burden of HPV-related diseases in Italy, 2001-12

Background Human papillomavirus ( HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer and plays a relevant role in the development of genital warts and of the cancer of penis and anus, head/neck, oropharynx and genitourinary system. The aim of this study is the evaluation of hospitalizations due to HPV-related pathologies in 2001-12 in Italy. Methods The national hospital discharge forms were provided by the Ministry of Health. The HPV-related hospitalizations were identified using specific diagnostic codes, accordingly to the ICD-9-CM coding system. The proportion of hospitalizations of potentially HPV-related pathologies, obtained from the literature, was evaluated as well as the hospitalization rates ( hr) and their trend over time. Results Uterine cervical cancer and CIN III accounted for 40% of hospitalizations ( hr: 15.6/100000 and 17.6/100000, respectively). Head/neck and oropharynx pathologies accounted for 24.5% of cases ( hr: 16/100000 and 3.9/100000, in males and females, respectively), followed by genital warts ( 17.3% of hospitalizations; hr: 7.5/100000 in males and 8.52/100000 in females), anal ( 8.1% of hospitalizations), genitourinary ( 7.7%) and penis cancers ( 2.2%). Conclusions The study, even if limited to the evaluation of hospitalizations, points out how HPV-related pathologies continue to be a relevant public health issue in Italy with a high impact on population.