Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hai-Long Shi, Shu Ding, Qing-Kun Wan, Xiao-Hui Wang, Wen-Li Yang
Summary: We investigate the connection between quantum resources and extractable work in quantum batteries. It is demonstrated that quantum coherence in the battery or the battery-charger entanglement is essential for generating nonzero extractable work during the charging process. Additionally, there is a strong link between coherence and entanglement with the final extractable work, where coherence enhances coherent work while coherence and entanglement inhibit incoherent work. Furthermore, it is shown that obtaining maximally coherent work is faster than obtaining maximally incoherent work.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chatchai Promsiri, Ekapong Hirunsirisawat, Watchara Liewrian
Summary: Recent research using Renyi statistics has shown that asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black hole can achieve thermal equilibrium with an infinite heat reservoir under certain conditions, and a first-order Hawking-Page phase transition as a solid-liquid transition with latent heat of fusion has been identified. Furthermore, investigating the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics in Renyi statistics by considering black hole as a working substance in a heat engine has revealed interesting results, such as the efficiency of the black hole in a Carnot cycle.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicola Franchini, Miguel Bezares, Enrico Barausse, Luis Lehner
Summary: The formulation of field equations in testing alternative theories of gravity with gravitational-wave data is a major obstacle. The fixing-the-equations approach is a possible solution to control the behavior of solutions and the flow towards ultraviolet modes. In this study, a representative example of scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the fixing-the-equations approach in resolving the dynamical evolutions and connecting with stationary black hole solutions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nikolay Bobev, Vasil Dimitrov, Valentin Reys, Annelien Vekemans
Summary: Using recent results in four-derivative 5d N = 2 minimal gauged supergravity, the regularized on-shell action of the Euclidean solution in this theory that admits a Lorentzian continuation to an AdS(5) black hole with one electric charge and two angular momenta is evaluated. It is shown that the supersymmetric limit of this solution can be described purely in terms of angular momentum fugacities and the 't Hooft anomalies for the U(1)(R) R symmetry of the dual 4d N = 1 superconformal field theory using holography. This holographic calculation is in perfect agreement with recent studies of the 4d N = 1 superconformal index on the second sheet. Additionally, the leading four-derivative corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy are explicitly calculated for the black hole solution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mengmeng Zheng, Jiangyu Yan, Wenjuan Hao, Yuan Ren, Ming Zhou, Yunzhi Wang, Kai Wang
Summary: A recent study found that age-related hearing loss is associated with increased burdens of beta-amyloid and tau, which are potential risk factors for predicting dementia.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Alena Pravdova, Vojtech Pravda, Marcello Ortaggio
Summary: In this article, we investigate static black holes in quadratic gravity with planar and hyperbolic symmetry and non-extremal horizons. We find a solution in terms of an infinite power-series expansion around the horizon, characterized by two independent integration constants - the black hole radius and the strength of the Bach tensor at the horizon. Unlike in Einstein's gravity, these black holes can exist for any sign of the cosmological constant A and also for A = 0. We identify different branches of Schwarzschild-Bach-(A)dS or purely Bachian black holes, which have distinct Einstein limits depending on the curvature of the transverse space and the value of A.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dengke Qu, Xiang Zhan, Haiqing Lin, Peng Xue
Summary: This Letter investigates the charging processes of a state-of-the-art quantum battery made of a harmonic oscillator and proposes a method to improve its stored and extractable energy by introducing a catalyst system. Additionally, a general method to implement a nonunitary channel experimentally is proposed. The research shows the potential of quantum batteries and provides insights for experimental investigations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christoph Schiller
Summary: Two methods are presented to deduce the equivalence of the field equations of general relativity and the principle of maximum force c(4)/4G. A simple deduction of inverse square gravity from maximum force is proposed. The author refutes recent apparent counter arguments and proposes new tests of the principle in various fields.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vitaly Vanchurin, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Mikhail I. Katsnelson
Summary: We propose a phenomenological theory of evolution and origin of life by combining classical thermodynamics with statistical learning. Using the maximum entropy principle and the minimization of the loss function, we derive a canonical ensemble of organisms, a corresponding partition function, and free energy. We define evolutionary temperature as a measure of stochasticity in the evolutionary process, and evolutionary potential as the amount of work required to add a new trainable variable. We develop a phenomenological approach to describe evolution, model grand potential as a function of evolutionary temperature and potential, and study the ideal mutation model and its generalizations. We show that major transitions in evolution, such as the origin of life, can be modeled as physical phase transitions associated with the emergence of a new canonical ensemble.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Serena Gentile, Erica Del Grosso, Passa E. Pungchai, Elisa Franco, Leonard J. Prins, Francesco Ricci
Summary: The study demonstrates a strategy to allow for the spontaneous reconfiguration of self-assembled DNA polymers using RNA as chemical fuel. By designing orthogonally addressable DNA building blocks, the researchers can temporarily deactivate and reactivate the building blocks to control the final composition of the polymer. This approach suggests a novel route towards developing biomolecular materials that support autonomous spatial reorganization of multiple components through engineered chemical reactions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mathkar A. Alharthi
Summary: This study thermodynamically investigated the DMC synthesis process using ProSimPlus software, and the results matched well with those reported in the literature.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Deco, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Adrian Ponce-Alvarez, Enzo Tagliazucchi, Peter C. Whybrow, Joaquin Fuster, Morten L. Kringelbach
Summary: Surviving and thriving in a complex world requires balancing higher brain functions with essential survival-related behaviors. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays key roles in cognitive and emotional tasks. This study discovered the driving brain regions at the top of the hierarchy in the PFC, responsible for orchestrating higher brain function. Lesioning these regions demonstrated their importance in brain dynamics and cognitive tasks.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Muhammad Ibrahim, S. Saleem, Yu-Ming Chu, Murad Ullah, Behzad Heidarshenas
Summary: This paper presents a novel heat sink with zigzag walls and conducts exergy analysis using CuO/H2O and Al2O3/H2O nanofluids as coolants. The results show that increasing Reynolds number decreases out and gain exergy but increases lose exergy, while the addition of nanoparticles, especially copper oxide, reduces both out and lose exergy. Furthermore, the addition of nanoparticles decreases the efficiency of the first and second laws of thermodynamics.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Javad Mohseni, Mojtaba Haratian, D. Toghraie
Summary: The study investigates the flow of nanofluids in the presence of a magnetic field and its effect on heat transfer rate. Numerical simulations were conducted on water/Fe2O3 nanofluids in a baffled L-shaped enclosure under different magnetic field intensities. The results show that increasing the Rayleigh number enhances heat transfer and entropy generation rate due to intensified buoyancy currents.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Jichao Ma, Chunyu Du, Weifeng Liu, Yanjiang Wang
Summary: The graph Laplacian of the human brain's structural connectivity plays a dominant role in shaping the resting-state functional connectivity, but its modeling is limited by sparseness and inability to model negative functional correlations. By extending to a hypergraph p-Laplacian, a better description of the nonlinear and high-order relations between structural and functional connectivity can be achieved. The proposed diffusion model based on hypergraph p-Laplacian shows more accurate prediction of functional correlations compared to models using graph Laplacian or hypergraph Laplacian.
