Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nicola Poli, Michael Schaffer, Andrea Trovo, Jens Noack, Massimo Guarnieri, Peter Fischer
Summary: A new method is proposed to rebalance the electrolyte imbalance in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery, which successfully restores the battery's energy and capacity.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianfeng Xu, Shu Dong, Pan Li, Wenhao Li, Feng Tian, Junran Wang, Qingqing Cheng, Zhouying Yue, Hui Yang
Summary: The development of a novel ether-free amphoteric ionic exchange membrane with long alkyl chains and zwitterionic groups shows high stability, low swelling ratio, and excellent proton conductivity. Compared to Nafion212 membrane, the optimized TA15-SPBP membrane exhibits higher ion selectivity and better electrical efficiencies.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianfeng Xu, Hao Zhao, Wenhao Li, Pan Li, Chi Chen, Zhouying Yue, Liangliang Zou, Hui Yang
Summary: A facile strategy for fabricating a composite membrane based on Sulfonated poly(terphenylene) (SPTP) blended with Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is designed to address the long-term stability issues of cost-effective non-fluorinated membranes for Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The introduction of PBI effectively mitigates the transportation of vanadium ions and reduces the swelling ratio of the membranes. The optimized membrane exhibits lower area resistance and vanadium permeability compared to Nafion117, resulting in superior coulombic and energy efficiencies for VRFBs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Nana Zhao, Harry Riley, Chaojie Song, Zhengming Jiang, Keh-Chyun Tsay, Roberto Neagu, Zhiqing Shi
Summary: This study identified five high-priority characteristics of membranes and evaluated eight commercially available ion exchange membranes, recommending perfluorosulfonic acid membranes and hydrocarbon anion exchange membranes as candidates for further in-situ testing, while one hydrocarbon cation exchange membrane was deemed not suitable for VRFB application.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Y. Lei, B. W. Zhang, B. F. Bai, X. Chen, T. S. Zhao
Summary: The study introduces a transient model of VRFB with a bipolar membrane, which improves the Poisson equation to describe the Donnan effect between the two layers for a full description of charge and ion transport. Numerical results demonstrate that bipolar membranes with thin anion exchange layers exhibit higher energy efficiency at large current densities.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yihe Du, Yue Chen, Mingzhe Yang, Situo Zou, Xiaoqiang Song, Yujun Fu, Junshuai Li, Yali Li, Deyan He
Summary: This study introduces PEDOT:PSS as an additive to improve the Zn2+ diffusion kinetics of V2O5, enhancing its electrochemical activity and resulting in satisfactory cycle stability of the aqueous Zn2+ battery at high current density.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jicui Dai, Kaipei Wang, Xiaoyu Han, Jiaxin Yan, Xiangguo Teng
Summary: Amphoteric PSF-g-NaPSS/PVP blended ion exchange membranes were prepared and the membrane with a mass ratio of 3:7 showed the highest ion selectivity and superior performance compared to Nafion 115.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lin Zhang, Chunpeng Zhao, Yujun Liu, Jiajia Xu, Jinhua Sun, Qingsong Wang
Summary: After immersion, the capacity fade of lithium-ion batteries intensifies, leading to a decrease in battery lifespan primarily due to the loss of active material, with higher NaCl concentrations exacerbating the capacity fade. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the cells significantly decreases after immersion, with higher concentrations of NaCl solutions resulting in higher onset temperatures of thermal runaway and lower maximum temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mengjie Liu, Mulan Qin, Guozhao Fang, Shuquan Liang, Xianyou Wang, Zhigao Luo
Summary: A gel electrolyte, polyacrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid containing Zn2+ (ZnPAM-AMPS), was synthesized to suppress the dissolution of layered vanadium-based materials (VBMs) in the electrolyte, leading to improved cycle life of zinc ion batteries.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Review
Electrochemistry
Baye Gueye Thiam, Sebastien Vaudreuil
Summary: The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a promising electrochemical system, with a key component being the membrane that separates the positive and negative half-cells. High-performance, low-cost membranes are crucial for reducing overall system costs, with current research focused on developing membranes with high ionic conductivity, low permeability to vanadium ions, and good chemical and mechanical stability.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tong Mu, Weiqin Tang, Yaping Jin, Xuefu Che, Jianguo Liu, Jingshuai Yang
Summary: In this study, aryl-ether free poly(p-terphenyl-co-acetylpyridine) (PTAP) was synthesized through a one-pot Friedel-Crafts polyhydroxyalkylation reaction. The resulting PTAP membrane exhibited good sulfonic acid absorption capability, low area resistance, ultralow vanadium ion permeability, and excellent chemical stability. The VRFB based on PTAP-55 μm membrane showed high energy efficiency and stable operation.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Alexandros Pasadakis-Kavounis, Funda Arslan, Mads Radmer Almind, David Aili, Johan Hjelm
Summary: In this study, a series of polybenzimidazole-polyvinylchloride polymer blends decorated with different quaternary ammonium groups were investigated. The blend with 90% polybenzimidazole content and decorated with DABCO showed superior performance, including low polarization resistance, low swelling, and high stability in acidic media. This suggests that quaternary ammonium functionalized polybenzimidazole-polyvinylchloride systems are excellent candidates for modification or fabrication of thinner membranes to reduce membrane resistance without compromising vanadium blocking properties.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Prerana Sharma, Vinod K. Shahi
Summary: A hybrid membrane composed of MIL-101(Cr) (Cr-MOF) uniformly dispersed in a partially fluorinated polymer grafted with sulfonic acid groups (PHP@AMPSCr-MOF(1.0)) has been developed to improve the stability and performance of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The PHP@AMPSCr-MOF(1.0) membrane showed excellent single cell VRFB performance, with 97.5% Coulombic efficiency (CE) maintained after 1500 cycles (over 650 h), compared to the deteriorated performance of the NafionCr-MOF membrane (94.5%) after 800 cycles (about 360 h) under similar conditions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jeongmin Shin, Chanyoung Kim, Byeongseon Jeong, Neil Vaz, Hyunchul Ju
Summary: This study aims to mitigate the electrolyte imbalance issue in all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), which is rectified through the design of different initial supporting electrolyte concentrations between the anolyte and catholyte. The new VRFB operating strategy is successfully verified using numerical simulations and experimental tests.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cui Wang, Juan Herranz, Rene Huebner, Thomas J. Schmidt, Alexander Eychmueller
Summary: Metal aerogels assembled from nanoparticles, especially bimetallic aerogels, are highly attractive for addressing environmental and energy issues. However, the understanding of the formation mechanisms and element distribution in bimetallic aerogels is still in its early stages. This Account summarizes the current research progress on synthetic methods, structures, and evolution during electrocatalysis, aiming to provide insights into this field.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenmei Liu, Jongmin Lee, Victoria Manzi-Orezzoli, Michail Ntalis, Thomas J. Schmidt, Pierre Boillat
Summary: The unassisted cold-start capability of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) is difficult to achieve for large-scale automotive applications due to blockage of oxidant gas caused by freezing of water at the cathode catalyst layer (CL) and gas diffusion layer (GDL) interface. The impact of GDL properties on freezing behavior of supercooled water is not thoroughly investigated.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Justus S. Diercks, Juan Herranz, Kathrin Ebner, Natasa Diklic, Maximilian Georgi, Piyush Chauhan, Adam H. Clark, Maarten Nachtegaal, Alexander Eychmueller, Thomas J. Schmidt
Summary: In recent years, operando/in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has become an important tool in the electrocatalysis community. This study investigates the impact of catalyst layer (CL) thickness on Pd-hydride formation trends in carbon-supported Pd nanoparticles and an unsupported Pd aerogel. The results suggest the need for minimizing CL thickness in spectro-electrochemical experiments and using complementary thin-film control measurements.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Secil Unsal, Thomas J. Schmidt, Juan Herranz
Summary: Non-noble metal catalysts (NNMCs) have the potential to replace expensive Pt-based catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study investigated the effect of film thickness and quality on the electrochemical behavior of three NNMCs with different aggregate sizes. The results showed that a smaller particle size enhanced the ORR limiting current and improving thin film quality led to a 2-fold increase in H2O2-yield.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tym de Wild, Tamas Nemeth, Pascal Becker, Detlef Gunther, Thomas Nauser, Thomas J. Schmidt, Lorenz Gubler
Summary: Hydrocarbon-based materials, commonly used as next-generation proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), suffer from radical induced degradation reactions due to aromatic groups contained within the polymer. This study focuses on repairing the damaged membranes by incorporating cerium(III) as a repair agent. The results indicate that the degradation of the polymer during fuel cell operation can be significantly reduced by immobilizing cerium(III) in the membrane.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Carl Cesar Weber, Jacob A. Wrubel, Lorenz Gubler, Guido Bender, Salvatore De Angelis, Felix N. Buchi
Summary: To decarbonize crucial industries, it is essential to reduce the cost and scale up the electrolyzer technologies. A key factor is to decrease the price and scarcity of the iridium-based catalyst used in polymer electrolyte water electrolysis. The study focuses on understanding the relationship between the interface of the porous transport layer and the catalyst layer to optimize catalyst utilization.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei Long Soon, Mohammad Peydayesh, Tym de Wild, Felix Donat, Rinku Saran, Christoph R. Muller, Lorenz Gubler, Raffaele Mezzenga, Ali Miserez
Summary: Increasing carbon emissions have led to accelerated climate change, calling for a shift towards greener materials and sustainable manufacturing processes. Biobased industrial byproducts, such as chicken feather waste, have the potential to be converted into renewable energy materials. In this study, chicken feathers were processed to create proton-conductive membranes for fuel cells, protonic transistors, and water-splitting devices. The membranes demonstrated good functionality and conductivity. By converting industrial waste into low-cost and scalable renewable energy materials, this green manufacturing process can contribute to a fully circular economy with a neutral carbon footprint.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tym de Wild, Jan Wurm, Pascal Becker, Detlef Guenther, Thomas Nauser, Thomas J. Schmidt, Lorenz Gubler, Tamas Nemeth
Summary: The use of hydrocarbon-based proton conducting membranes in fuel cells is limited by their insufficient durability. Membrane aging occurs due to reactive intermediates attacking the polymer, leading to chain breakdown and membrane failure. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of improving the stability of hydrocarbon-based membranes against oxidative attack by implementing a Nature-inspired antioxidant strategy, showing that metalated-porphyrins are suitable for damage transfer with minimal impact on fuel cell performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Piyush Chauhan, Juan Herranz, Maximilian Winzely, Maximilian Georgi, Pavel Khavlyuk, Alexander Eychmueller, Thomas J. Schmidt
Summary: Despite increased relevance in energy transition, understanding of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is still limited, especially regarding the impact of surface-specific parameters such as interfacial pH on its kinetics and product outcome. In this study, CO2RR on polycrystalline Au and Au aerogel was investigated using a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) setup, with the quantification of interfacial pH through measuring the pH value of the gold ring electrode. The results showed that the polycrystalline Au surface had approximately twice the current efficiency compared to the aerogel surface, suggesting a roughness factor effect on this key performance metric.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Secil Unsal, Michele Bozzetti, Yen-Chun Chen, Robin Girod, Anne Berger, Justus S. Diercks, Sofia Gialamoidou, Jike Lyu, Marisa Medarde, Hubert A. Gasteiger, Vasiliki Tileli, Thomas J. Schmidt, Juan Herranz
Summary: Non-noble metal catalysts (NNMCs) are a promising alternative to expensive Pt-based materials for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodes. By studying catalysts with different particle sizes and porosities, it was found that smaller aggregate size and higher porosity lead to improved mass transport properties and peak power density.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Natasa Diklic, Alexandra Beard, Juan Herranz, Adrian Heinritz, Tianyu Cen, Steffen Garbe, Daniel F. Abbott, Mauro Povia, Thomas J. Schmidt
Summary: Understanding the deactivation mechanisms of Ir oxide catalysts in PEWE-anodes is crucial for improving durability. We investigated various degradation mechanisms and their contributions to performance losses in RDE tests. However, these mechanisms alone cannot explain the observed losses. PEWE-tests showed that the apparent RDE-instability is not reproduced in the actual environment.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yen-Chun Chen, Tim Dorenkamp, Christoph Csoklich, Anne Berger, Federica Marone, Jens Eller, Thomas J. Schmidt, Felix N. Buchi
Summary: In this study, product water transport in the microporous layer (MPL) and gas diffusion layer (GDL) substrate during the operation of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) was observed using X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM). It was found that the high porosity of the MPL plays a significant role in promoting vapor transport and reducing water saturation near the catalyst layer (CL).
Article
Chemistry, Physical
E. Ricardo Carreon Ruiz, Natalie Stalder, Jongmin Lee, Lorenz Gubler, Pierre Boillat
Summary: Spectral neutron imaging methods provide valuable insights into the characterization of hydrogenous materials, including battery electrolytes. However, there are constraints when studying physico-chemical changes in battery electrolytes. To address these limitations, a framework for simulating and optimizing the investigation of hydrogenous materials is presented. This framework combines quantitative modeling with experimental data to predict and optimize the achievable contrast in wavelength-resolved neutron imaging methods.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
