Review
Sport Sciences
Angelika Elzbieta Wegierska, Ioannis Alexandros Charitos, Skender Topi, Maria Assunta Potenza, Monica Montagnani, Luigi Santacroce
Summary: Gut microbiota, consisting of millions of different bacteria, plays a crucial role in human life by promoting nutrient absorption, metabolizing food, and protecting the intestines. It also affects human moods and behaviors through the gut/brain axis. Factors such as exercise, nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle are important for maintaining a functional microbiota. This article reviews the effects of physical activity on gut microbiota and analyzes how exercise intensity can impact intestinal health.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yanan Gao, Qi Liang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of high-protein food on the physical function of martial arts athletes. The results show a significant increase in bone mineral density for female athletes, while male athletes have a smaller increase. Furthermore, the intake of high-protein food has no adverse effects on bone metabolism, blood biochemical indicators, and immune globulin for athletes.
JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Max Esefeld, Antoni Pastor, Rafael de la Torre, Osquel Barroso, Reid Aikin, Hina Sarwath, Rudolf Engelke, Frank Schmidt, Karsten Suhre
Summary: Administration of recombinant hGH leads to significant changes in serum protein levels, with some well-known hGH targets as well as previously unknown hGH-related proteins identified. Network analysis indicates alterations in specific biological pathways, mainly involving the immune system and glucose metabolism.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Diana Carolina Zambrano Rios, Andres Jenuer Matta Miramar, Yecid Mina Paz, Isabel Cristina Rojas Padilla
Summary: By evaluating the blood lactate concentrations of weightlifting athletes in the Valle League, it was found that intensity of training has a direct impact on performance during competition. Blood lactate concentration can vary among individuals and can be used as a valuable biomarker to assess physical activity intensity in sports.
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA DO ESPORTE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Andreas Breenfeldt Andersen, Jonathan Graae, Jacob Bejder, Thomas C. Bonne, Soren Seier, Maren Debertin, Kasper Eibye, Morten Hostrup, Nikolai B. Nordsborg
Summary: The effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on exercise endurance, maximal aerobic performance, and total hemoglobin mass (tHb) were investigated in this study. The results showed that frequent, small intravenous injections of epoetin beta can improve time trial performance, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and tHb in both males and females. This study provides insights into the effects of microdoses of intravenous rHuEPO on athletic performance and offers training recommendations for athletes.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Martin Thomassen, Jens Bangsbo, Morten Hostrup
Summary: Immunoblotting is commonly used in muscle physiology for protein regulation analysis, but different protocols may lead to different outcomes. This study investigated the impact of various homogenization procedures on protein abundance determination in muscle biopsies. Differences in protein abundance between healthy individuals and type-2 diabetics were also examined, as well as the effect of data normalization. The findings suggest that fractionated and non-fractionated immunoblotting samples yield similar data for certain proteins, except for actin, which is not suitable for data normalization in human skeletal muscle immunoblotting studies.
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Martin Ostergaard, Soren Jessen, Erik Soren Halvard Hansen, Vibeke Backer, Tina Panchal, Sandra Baldwin, Peter Daley-Yates, Morten Hostrup
Summary: The 2023 Prohibited List permits athletes to use a standard dose of 25 mu g daily of the beta(2)-agonist vilanterol. However, there is limited data on its urine pharmacokinetics, making it challenging to distinguish therapeutic use from supratherapeutic use. A study was conducted on 25 trained individuals to examine the urine concentrations of vilanterol and its metabolites after inhalation of different doses. The findings suggest that current urine concentration thresholds are insufficient, but a higher decision limit of 6 ng center dot ml(-1) is proposed to minimize the risk of false-positive results while still detecting supratherapeutic use.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tina Panchal, Sandra Baldwin, Martin Ostergaard, Erik Soeren Halvard Hansen, Vibeke Backer, Morten Hostrup, Peter Daley-Yates
Summary: This study developed a bioanalytical method to detect the concentration of the ultra-long-acting beta(2)-agonist vilanterol and its metabolites GSK932009 and GW630200 in urine, aiming to potentially monitor its therapeutic and prohibited use in sport.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Morten Hostrup, Jens Bangsbo
Summary: As the physical demands in football increase, clubs are seeking players with high capacity for intense exercise. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) effectively improves players' physical conditioning, but also increases the risk of overloading and injury. Conducting HIIT training in the weeks leading up to the season and during the season is a challenge. It is crucial to optimize and dose HIIT during these phases while considering the intensity and recovery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anders K. K. Lemminger, Matteo Fiorenza, Kasper Eibye, Jens Bangsbo, Morten Hostrup
Summary: This study investigated whether high-intensity exercise training alters the effect of N-acetylcysteine on exercise-related muscle ionic shifts. The results showed that high-intensity exercise training not only enhances the ability to counter exercise-related ionic shifts, but also potentiates the effect of N-acetylcysteine on ionic shifts during exercise.
Article
Allergy
Morten Hvidtfeldt, Asger Sverrild, Alexis Pulga, Laurits Frossing, Alexander Silberbrandt, Morten Hostrup, Martin Thomassen, Caroline Sanden, Carl Magnus Clausson, Premkumar Siddhuraj, Daisy Bornesund, Juan Jose Nieto-Fontarigo, Lena Uller, Jonas Erjefalt, Celeste Porsbjerg
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness and infiltrating mast cells, as well as the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid treatment. The results showed that inhaled corticosteroid treatment significantly improved airway hyperresponsiveness in both patients with high fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and patients with low FENO. However, there were differences in mast cell phenotypes and distribution between the two groups.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Morten Hostrup, Erik S. H. Hansen, Soren M. Rasmussen, Soren Jessen, Vibeke Backer
Summary: Athletes often suffer from lower airway dysfunction, including asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), which affects more than half of the athletes in certain sports, especially endurance sports. Early diagnosis and proper management are crucial as untreated or poorly managed asthma and EIB can negatively impact performance and lead to airway damage. However, with advancements in treatment strategies, athletes with asthma and EIB can still compete at a high level. It is important for practitioners and athletes to adhere to general guidelines and anti-doping regulations to avoid unintentionally exceeding dosage limits.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Peter M. Christensen, Jesper Juul Andreasen, Jonas Lyngholm, Ole Sogaard, Jakob Lykkestrup, Morten Hostrup, Lars Nybo, Jens Bangsbo
Summary: Male elite cyclists with average VO2-max of 71 mL/min/kg underwent 7 weeks of high-intensity interval training during the competitive season. The study evaluated the effects of maintaining or reducing total training volume combined with high-intensity interval training. The results showed improvements in time-trial performance for both the reduced and maintained training volume groups, but no significant improvement in preloaded time-trials. This study demonstrates that elite cyclists can benefit from intensified training during the competitive season, regardless of training volume.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Anders Pitzner-Fabricius, Christian H. Dall, Marius Henriksen, Erik S. H. Hansen, Louise L. Toennesen, Morten Hostrup, Vibeke Backer
Summary: A study conducted in Copenhagen found that after 6 months of supervised high-intensity interval training, asthma patients were able to reduce their daily inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose without compromising asthma control.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Line Boel Norregaard, Kate Aiko Wickham, Thomas Ehlers, Marcos Paulo Rocha, Mads Fischer, Martina Lundberg H. Slingsby, Stephen S. Cheung, Phillip Adrian Evans, Jens Bangsbo, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: The study found that high-intensity exercise training initiated soon after menopause can reduce thrombotic risk in postmenopausal females, while its effects on those who have been in postmenopause for a long time remain uncertain.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jan S. Jeppesen, Soren Jessen, Martin Thomassen, Vibeke Backer, Jens Bangsbo, Morten Hostrup
Summary: This study found that an inhaled one-off dose of 54 μg formoterol has a performance-enhancing potential on sprint ability and short intense performance in elite male cyclists. This enhancing effect is irrespective of training status but partly related to muscle fiber type distribution for sprint ability.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Tim Young, Olivier Laroche, Seumas P. Walker, Matthew R. Miller, Paula Casanovas, Konstanze Steiner, Noah Esmaeili, Ruixiang Zhao, John P. Bowman, Richard Wilson, Andrew Bridle, Chris G. Carter, Barbara F. Nowak, Andrea C. Alfaro, Jane E. Symonds
Summary: Fish aquaculture is a rapidly expanding global industry that seeks to meet the growing demand for marine protein sources. Enhancing feed efficiency in farmed fish is crucial for cost reduction and improving sustainability. By using a systems-based approach, this study establishes multiple layers of omics data and clinical variables to predict feed efficiency and associated traits in a fish model, ultimately identifying key variables and highlighting the importance of proteomic and metabolomic data.