Synthesis, structural elucidation, antioxidant, CT-DNA binding and molecular docking studies of novel chloroquinoline derivatives: Promising antioxidant and anti-diabetic agents

The synthesized novel chloroquinoline derivatives 1-(2-chloro-4-phenylquinolin-3-yl)ethanone (CPQE), 1-(2,6-dichloro-4-phenylquinolin-3-yl)ethanone (DCPQE), methyl 2,6-dichloro-4-phenylquinoline-3-carboxylate (MDCPQC),methyl 2-chloro-4-methylquinoline-3-carboxylate (MCMQC) were subjected to the elementary analysis like FT-IR, NMR and Mass spectra using GCMS. Also, single crystal X-ray diffraction study was executed for the compound MDCPQC. The crystal packing is stabilized by C-H center dot center dot center dot pi and pi-pi interactions and also Chlorine Chlorine short intermolecular contacts generating a three-dimensional supramolecular network. The antioxidant activity reduces high glucose level in the human body and hence the synthesized compounds were subjected for the estimation of antioxidant activity using DPPH method which exhibited good percentage of inhibition in comparison with ascorbic acid, a well-known anti-oxidant. The binding interaction of the chloroquinoline derivatives with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been explored by fluorescence quenching studies and molecular docking analysis has been employed to confirm the nature of binding. The prediction of pharmacological properties such as drug-likeness, molecular properties like absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) was carried out by computational studies to compare chloroquinoline derivatives with standard drug. Owing to the various potential biological activities of the quinoline compounds, molecular docking studies were also further carried out for the chloroquinoline derivatives, showing that they may act as effective anti-diabetic agents by inhibiting Glycogen Phosphorylase a protein.