Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Focko L. Higgen, Hanna Braass, Robert Schulz, Gui Xue, Christian Gerloff
Summary: The aging of the nervous system is a heterogeneous process, involving decreased sensory abilities and decline in higher cognitive functioning. Disintegration of white matter tracts leads to impaired information flow between brain regions. The correlation between decreased tactile recognition in older participants and reduced integrity in the anterior corpus callosum suggests a link between sensory decline and cognitive impairment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Prasad Shirvalkar, Jordan Prosky, Gregory Chin, Parima Ahmadipour, Omid G. Sani, Maansi Desai, Ashlyn Schmitgen, Heather Dawes, Maryam M. Shanechi, Philip A. Starr, Edward F. Chang
Summary: Using chronic brain recordings, this study identified objective neural biomarkers of subjective pain experience in individuals with intractable chronic pain. Chronic pain is often difficult to treat and causes significant suffering. Objective biomarkers for pain severity are lacking, and the neural activity underlying chronic pain on relevant timescales is unclear. The study successfully predicted chronic pain severity scores using machine learning methods based on sustained power changes in the orbitofrontal cortex.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emily A. Mankin, Zahra M. Aghajan, Peter Schuette, Michelle E. Tran, Natalia Tchemodanov, Ali Titiz, Guldamla Kalender, Dawn Eliashiv, John Stern, Shennan A. Weiss, Dylan Kirsch, Barbara Knowlton, Itzhak Fried, Nanthia Suthana
Summary: The study found that stimulation of the right entorhinal white matter during visual memory tasks had a beneficial effect on subsequent memory, while other stimulation methods were ineffective. This highlights the importance of precise stimulation site on modulation of human hippocampal-dependent memory.
Article
Psychiatry
Niccolo Zovetti, Marcella Bellani, Asadur Chowdury, Franco Alessandrini, Giada Zoccatelli, Cinzia Perlini, Giuseppe K. Ricciardi, Carlo A. Marzi, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Paolo Brambilla
Summary: This study applied a visuo-motor integration task to investigate white matter functional responses in schizophrenia patients, and found functional inefficiency in white matter. These findings expand our understanding of schizophrenia.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kuri Takahashi, Yuko Yotsumoto
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on beauty perception by replicating previous studies. The results did not corroborate the previous findings, suggesting a possible inflation of tDCS effects on cognitive domains.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nghi Cong Dung Truong, Xinlong Wang, Hashini Wanniarachchi, Yan Lang, Sridhar Nerur, Kay-Yut Chen, Hanli Liu
Summary: Decision-making is a critical activity in human beings, and this study investigated the neurocognitive mechanism during decision-making using a decision-making paradigm. The experiment found strong correlations in EEG signals among multiple subjects and trials during more difficult tasks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuefeng Huang, Anusha Mohan, S. Lauren McLeod, Alison M. Luckey, John Hart Jr, Sven Vanneste
Summary: The study demonstrates that modulating activity in the aDMN and pDMN causally affect memory retrieval performance. Anodal stimulation of the pDMN and cathodal stimulation of the aDMN equally improve the percentage of word-associations recalled 7 days after learning, suggesting a possible functional dissociation between the aDMN and pDMN in episodic memory retrieval.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gavin J. B. Elias, Jurgen Germann, Alexandre Boutet, Aaron Loh, Bryan Li, Aditya Pancholi, Michelle E. Beyn, Asma Naheed, Nicole Bennett, Jessica Pinto, Venkat Bhat, Peter Giacobbe, D. Blake Woodside, Sidney H. Kennedy, Andres M. Lozano
Summary: Using 3T functional MRI, researchers found that subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation can alter activity in brain regions associated with mood, and these changes are correlated with immediate mood fluctuations and long-term antidepressant outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vinod Menon, Domenic Cerri, Byeongwook Lee, Rui Yuan, Sung-Ho Lee, Yen-Yu Ian Shih
Summary: This study demonstrates that optogenetic stimulation of AI neurons in the rat brain can suppress DMN activity and decrease connectivity between AI and DMN nodes. These findings reveal new insights into the network organization of the rodent brain and advance our understanding of the causal mechanisms underlying dynamic interactions and network switching.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Josue M. Avecillas-Chasin, Simon Levinson, Taylor Kuhn, Mahmoud Omidbeigi, Jean-Philippe Langevin, Nader Pouratian, Ausaf Bari
Summary: The amygdala is important in emotion, learning, and memory, and is associated with behavioral disorders. Understanding the amygdala circuitry is crucial for developing new therapies. Using data from 200 healthy subjects, we created statistical maps of amygdala connectivity to brain regions involved in different circuits. Clustering analysis revealed three clusters of the amygdala based on its connectivity, showing a medial-to-lateral pattern.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zuzanna Z. Balewski, Thomas W. Elston, Eric B. Knudsen, Joni D. Wallis
Summary: During decision-making, neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) switch between representing the value of different options, influencing the encoding of choice response in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). By studying simultaneous recordings from OFC and ACC in nonhuman primates, it was found that ACC neurons encoding the choice response steadily increased their firing rate throughout the decision-making process, with OFC value dynamics affecting the ramping of ACC activity. The interaction between OFC and ACC explains how the more valuable response is selected.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Haruki Ikawa, Ryota Osawa, Akiko Sato, Hoshimi Mizuno, Yoshihiro Noda
Summary: dTMS treatment may be an effective non-pharmacological approach for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). After 30 sessions of dTMS treatment, the majority of patients showed significant improvement in their symptoms without any obvious adverse events.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mojdeh Fattahi, Kiarash Eskandari, Esmail Riahi, Reza Khosrowabadi, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the potential efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating methamphetamine-conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats. The findings showed that both high-frequency stimulation (HFS) and low-frequency stimulation (LFS) significantly decreased methamphetamine place preference during the conditioning period. Only HFS could accelerate the extinction of reward-context associations and reduce methamphetamine-induced reinstatement of seeking behaviors during the extinction experiment.
Article
Neurosciences
Yiheng Tu, Jin Cao, Seyhmus Guler, Thalia Chai-Zhang, Joan A. Camprodon, Mark Vangel, Randy L. Gollub, Darin D. Dougherty, Jian Kong
Summary: The study focused on assessing the modulatory effects of stimulating target brain regions on fMRI brain dynamics using repeated tDCS-fMRI sessions with healthy participants. Results indicated that enhancing neuronal excitability of certain brain regions significantly affected the occurrence rates and transitions of different CAPs, with these changes persisting over several days.
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary R. Zeisler, Liza London, William G. Janssen, J. Megan Fredericks, Catherine Elorette, Atsushi Fujimoto, Huiqing Zhan, Brian E. Russ, Roger L. Clem, Patrick R. Hof, Frederic M. Stoll, Peter H. Rudebeck
Summary: The study reveals that amygdala neurons have multiple distinct projection targets in the frontal cortex, organized in repeating patterns, suggesting the presence of separable amygdala networks.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tommaso Villa, Odil Porrua
Summary: This review focuses on the actors and strategies used by yeasts to control noncoding RNA production, and discusses recent findings highlighting the dangers of losing control over pervasive transcription.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jonas Ranft, Benjamin Lindner
Summary: Despite the complexity of our brains' neural networks, theoretical descriptions have provided insights into possible network states and dynamics. Researchers have shown that rotator networks, though simpler than real spiking networks, can capture the dynamic properties of spiking neural networks. However, when the inputs received by single rotators are strongly correlated, the network fluctuations become significantly non-Gaussian, calling for a reworking of the theory.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Racha Al Tannir, Arnaud Pautrat, Jerome Baufreton, Paul G. Overton, Veronique Coizet
Summary: This perspective paper summarizes the function of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and its anatomical connections to the basal ganglia and brainstem, with a focus on its involvement in sensory processing. The research reveals that the STN receives sensory inputs and may play a role in the control of sensory activity.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Houda Bey, Florent Charton, Helena Cruz de Carvalho, Shun Liu, Richard G. Dorrell, Chris Bowler, Claude Boccara, Martine Boccara
Summary: The dynamic movement of cell organelles is an important yet poorly understood aspect of cellular organization and metabolism. In this study, a non-invasive non-destructive method (Dynamic Cell Imaging, DCI) based on light scattering and interferometry was introduced to monitor dynamic events in photosynthetic cells using diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a model system. The method showed that the dynamic movements of cell organelles depend on chloroplast activity and can be applied to studying the effects of various environments on microalgae.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julia Schroeder, Laura Chegwidden, Carlo Maj, Jan Gehlen, Jan Speller, Anne C. Boehmer, Oleg Borisov, Timo Hess, Nicole Kreuser, Marino Venerito, Hakan Alakus, Andrea May, Christian Gerges, Thomas Schmidt, Rene Thieme, Dominik Heider, Axel M. Hillmer, Julian Reingruber, Orestis Lyros, Arne Dietrich, Albrecht Hoffmeister, Matthias Mehdorn, Florian Lordick, Gertraud Stocker, Michael Hohaus, Daniel Reim, Jennis Kandler, Michaela Mueller, Alanna Ebigbo, Claudia Fuchs, Christiane J. Bruns, Arnulf H. Holscher, Hauke Lang, Peter P. Grimminger, Dani Dakkak, Yogesh Vashist, Sandra May, Siegfried Gorg, Andre Franke, David Ellinghaus, Sara Galavotti, Lothar Veits, Josef Weismuller, Jens Dommermuth, Udo Benner, Thomas Roesch, Helmut Messmann, Brigitte Schumacher, Horst Neuhaus, Carsten Schmidt, Thaddaus T. Wissinowski, Markus M. Noethen, Jing Dong, Jue-Sheng Ong, Matthew F. Buas, Aaron P. Thrift, Thomas L. Vaughan, Ian Tomlinson, David C. Whiteman, Rebecca Claire Fitzgerald, Janusz Jankowski, Michael Vieth, Andreas Mayr, Puya Gharahkhani, Stuart MacGregor, Ines Gockel, Claire Palles, Johannes Schumacher
Summary: This study utilized GWAS, genetic correlation analysis, and polygenic risk modeling to investigate the genetic causes of BE/EA. The findings identified new risk loci and candidate genes associated with BE/EA development. The study also revealed differences in the etiology of BE and EA and demonstrated improved risk prediction models when combining PRS with risk factors. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying BE/EA and improve our understanding of the disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laure Lecoin, Bowen Dempsey, Alexandra Garancher, Steeve Bourane, Pierre-Louis Ruffault, Marie-Pierre Morin-Surun, Nathalie Rocques, Martyn Goulding, Alain Eychene, Celio Pouponnot, Gilles Fortin, Jean Champagnat
Summary: Apneas are associated with various pathological and fatal conditions. This study shows that a mutation in the transcription factor Mafa leads to an abnormally high incidence of breath holding apneas and death in newborn mice. The mutation affects GABAergic inhibitory neurons, causing decreased motor drive to muscles controlling the airways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chloe Jaroszynski, Ricardo Amorim-Leite, Pierre Deman, Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti, Florian Chabert, Anne -Sophie Job-Chapron, Lorella Minotti, Dominique Hoffmann, Olivier David, Philippe Kahane
Summary: Auditory symptoms induced by direct electrical stimulation provide insights into the brain networks involved in auditory hallucinations and illusions. Both illusions and hallucinations can be evoked at different levels of the sensory hierarchy, with illusions having a larger spatial range.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Stephen R. Proulx, Henrique Teotonio
Summary: Gene flow between populations adapting to different environmental conditions might have costs, and the selection on modifiers of genetic architecture depends on different genetic mechanisms.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mariana Mulinari Pinheiro Machado, Alina Voda, Gildas Besancon, Guillaume Becq, Olivier David, Philippe Kahane
Summary: This paper explores differences in brain tissue through the modeling of the brain electrode interface from SEEG recordings. Using a physical model and non-parametric study, the authors successfully identify the brain tissue types and achieve a high classification accuracy.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maciej Jedynak, Anthony Boyer, Blandine Chanteloup-Foret, Manik Bhattacharjee, Carole Saubat, Francois Tadel, Philippe Kahane, Olivier David, F TRACT Consortium
Summary: Cohort studies using SEEG electrodes allow for the study of large scale functional connectivity in the brain. However, the variability of brain responses to electrical stimulation is significant. In this study, we found that the variability between two equivalent measurements is substantial, particularly for long distances between stimulating and recording sites. We conclude that responses to SEEG stimulation in the human brain are variable, even in the context of a single individual.
Article
Neurosciences
Aurelie Davin, Stephan Chabardes, Annaelle Devergnas, Caroline Benstaali, Claire-Anne N. Gutekunst, Olivier David, Napoleon Torres-Martinez, Brigitte Piallat
Summary: Patients with Parkinson's disease often experience excessive daytime sleepiness which can greatly affect their quality of life. This study investigates the potential use of deep brain stimulation in the pedunculopontine nucleus area to alleviate excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease patients. The results show that low-frequency stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus area can effectively reduce daytime sleepiness and partially restore daytime wakefulness architecture in nonhuman primates, offering insights for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Russo, Ezequiel Mikulan, Flavia Maria Zauli, Ivana Sartori, Michela Solbiati, Giulia Furregoni, Marta Porro, Martina Revay, Mario Rosanova, Olivier David, Marcello Massimini, Laura Tassi, Andrea Pigorini
Summary: Focal epileptic seizures cause abnormal neuronal discharges, which can spread to other cortical areas and interfere with brain activity, resulting in changes in the patient's experience and behavior. Recent studies have found that medial temporal lobe and neocortical seizures have different effects on synaptic transmission. This study investigates the responsiveness of these areas during seizures, providing insights into the differential impact of seizures on brain networks.
Article
Neurosciences
Caio Seguin, Maciej Jedynak, Olivier David, Sina Mansour, Olaf Sporns, Andrew Zalesky
Summary: We studied the communication between gray matter regions in the human brain using intracranial EEG recordings and found that a statistical model combining structural, functional, and spatial factors can accurately predict the effects of brain stimulation. Our findings contribute to the validation of concepts in network neuroscience and have implications for research on neural communication and brain stimulation paradigms.
Article
Neurosciences
Brice Passera, Sylvain Harquel, Alan Chauvin, Pauline Gerard, Lisa Lai, Elena Moro, Sara Meoni, Valerie Fraix, Olivier David, Estelle Raffin
Summary: This study proposes a multi-dimensional TMS mapping approach that combines TMS-EMG and TMS-EEG methods to investigate the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease patients. The results show that DBS can induce rapid changes in motor cortex representations and enhance corticospinal excitability, as well as increase activity in inhibitory circuits. These findings have important implications for understanding the therapeutic effects of DBS and the neural activity mechanisms in Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Arnaud Pautrat, Racha Al Tannir, Karin Pernet-Gallay, Remi Soutrenon, Estelle Vendramini, Valerie Sinniger, Paul G. Overton, Olivier David, Veronique Coizet
Summary: The presence of central neuropathic pain in Parkinson's disease suggests that the brain circuits involved in pain processing may be dysfunctional. This study provides evidence that dysfunction in the subthalamic nucleus and/or substantia nigra pars reticulata may affect the processing of pain signals in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and lead to cellular and molecular adaptations in this structure. Rat models of Parkinson's disease with varying levels of dopaminergic lesions were used to demonstrate enhanced nociceptive responses in the substantia nigra reticulata and inhibited nociceptive responses and increased expression of GABA(A) receptors in the PBN following a total dopaminergic lesion. These findings suggest that molecular changes within the PBN, particularly increased GABA(A) expression, may contribute to the development of central neuropathic pain in Parkinson's disease.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)