Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Atenea A. Perez-Serna, Reinaldo S. Dos Santos, Cristina Ripoll, Angel Nadal, Decio L. Eizirik, Laura Marroqui
Summary: Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects glucose metabolism, either by autoimmune-driven beta-cell loss or by the progressive loss of beta-cell function. BCL-XL, an anti-apoptotic protein, plays a dual role in beta-cells, participating in cellular processes and fostering survival against pro-apoptotic insults. Overexpression of BCL-XL can partially protect beta-cells from cytokine- and palmitate-induced apoptosis, and the protection is more significant in human beta-cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Camelia Papuc, Gheorghe V. Goran, Corina N. Predescu, Liliana Tudoreanu, Georgeta Stefan
Summary: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels with detrimental effects on various systems. Plant polyphenols have shown beneficial activity for diabetes prevention and treatment. This review article summarizes the mechanisms by which polyphenols decrease insulin resistance and inhibit loss of pancreatic islet beta-cell mass and function, as well as their effects on insulin release.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michala Prause, Signe Schultz Pedersen, Violeta Tsonkova, Min Qiao, Nils Billestrup
Summary: Butyrate has been shown to prevent cytokine-induced dysfunction in pancreatic beta cells, potentially reducing the impact of inflammation in the progression of T2D. However, it may also affect cell proliferation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Suhadinie Gamage, Mirabela Hali, Anjaneyulu Kowluru
Summary: CARD9 plays a crucial role in regulating insulin secretion, potentially through a Rac1-independent and p38-dependent signaling module.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Till Karwen, Katarzyna Kolczynska-Matysiak, Carina Gross, Mona C. Loeffler, Mike Friedrich, Angel Loza-Valdes, Werner Schmitz, Magdalena Wit, Filip Dziaczkowski, Andrei Belykh, Jonathan Trujillo-Viera, Rabih El-Merahbi, Carsten Deppermann, Sameena Nawaz, Benoit Hastoy, Agnieszka Demczuk, Manuela Erk, Mariusz R. Wieckowski, Patrik Rorsman, Katrin G. Heinze, David Stegner, Bernhard Nieswandt, Grzegorz Sumara
Summary: Hyperreactive platelets commonly seen in diabetic patients suggest a potential link between glucose regulation and platelet activity. Blood platelets derived from pancreatic beta cells stimulate platelet activity, and these platelets selectively localize to the blood vessels of pancreatic islets. Depletion of platelets or disruption of platelet adhesion and activation pathways lead to impaired glucose tolerance and decreased insulin levels. Platelet-derived lipid classes promote insulin secretion, with 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) being the main factor promoting beta cell function. The levels of platelet-derived 20-HETE decrease with age, which correlates with a reduced impact of platelets on beta cell function. This study reveals an unexpected role of platelets in regulating insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, promoting metabolic health in young individuals.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peibin Lin, Xiaojing Zhang, Baoyi Zhu, Jun Gao, Dazhong Yin, Jianwen Zeng, Zhanfang Kang
Summary: Naringenin specifically activates ER beta to improve insulin secretion, protects beta cell function, and reverses glucose dysregulation in diabetic rats.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Kai M. Bracey, Guoqiang Gu, Irina Kaverina
Summary: Pancreatic islet beta cells regulate glucose homeostasis through the secretion of insulin, which is facilitated by a unique microtubule network with specific features. The functionality of this network involves the interplay of molecular motors and metabolic pathways, which are still not fully understood.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pauline Chabosseau, Fiona Yong, Luis F. Delgadillo-Silva, Eun Young Lee, Rana Melhem, Shiying Li, Nidhi Gandhi, Jules Wastin, Livia Lopez Noriega, Isabelle Leclerc, Yusuf Ali, Jing W. Hughes, Robert Sladek, Aida Martinez-Sanchez, Guy A. Rutter
Summary: Spatially-organized increases in Ca2+ within pancreatic beta cells under high glucose stimulation were found to be mediated by leader cells, which possess unique molecular features and localized signaling with delta cells. Single cell RNA sequencing revealed differential gene expression related to cilium biogenesis and transcriptional regulation between leader and follower cells.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shiuhwei Chen, ZhiJiang Huang, Harrison Kidd, Min Kim, Eul Hyun Suh, Shangkui Xie, Ebrahim H. Ghazvini Zadeh, Yan Xu, A. Dean Sherry, Philipp E. Scherer, Wen-hong Li
Summary: Appropriate insulin secretion is crucial for maintaining euglycemia and understanding the dynamics of insulin secretion at the cellular level in intact pancreas of living animals remains challenging. Through ZIMIR imaging, insulin/Zn2+ release of individual islet beta-cells can be tracked with high spatiotemporal resolution, revealing synchronized rhythmic secretion activity. Additionally, the use of chemogenetic approach and fluorescent granule zinc indicator show promise for selective and efficient islet cell labeling in living animals.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Mostafizur Rahman, Asmita Pathak, Kathryn L. Schueler, Haifa Alsharif, Ava Michl, Justin Alexander, Jeong-A Kim, Sushant Bhatnagar
Summary: Stimulus-coupled insulin secretion involves fusion of insulin granules to the plasma membrane via SNARE complex formation. Deletion of Syt9 protein increases glucose clearance and plasma insulin levels in mice. Syt9 interacts with tomosyn-1 and Stx1A, and its inhibitory effects on insulin secretion are mediated by tomosyn-1.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Mostafizur Rahman, Asmita Pathak, Kathryn L. Schueler, Haifa Alsharif, Ava Michl, Justin Alexander, Jeong-A Kim, Sushant Bhatnagar
Summary: This study shows that the deletion of Synaptotagmin-9 (Syt9) in mice increases glucose clearance and plasma insulin levels, inhibiting insulin secretion and glucose clearance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huixia Ren, Yanjun Li, Chengsheng Han, Yi Yu, Bowen Shi, Xiaohong Peng, Shufang Wu, Xiaojing Yang, Sneppen Kim, Liangyi Chen, Chao Tang, Tianming Zhang
Summary: The Ca2+ modulated pulsatile glucagon and insulin secretions by pancreatic alpha and beta cells play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis. However, the coordination between alpha and beta cells in producing different Ca2+ oscillation patterns is still unclear. This study used a microfluidic device and transgenic mice to record Ca2+ signals from islet alpha and beta cells and observed heterogeneous Ca2+ oscillation patterns intrinsic to each islet. The results showed that after glucose stimulation, the oscillations of alpha and beta cells were globally phase-locked, with a fixed time delay in the activation of alpha cells compared to beta cells and a tunable period in the activation of beta cells. The number of islet alpha cells was also found to be correlated with oscillation frequency. A mathematical model incorporating paracrine interactions was built and quantitatively agreed with the experimental data, highlighting the importance of cell-cell interaction in generating stable but tunable islet oscillation patterns.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wenqian Gu, Camilla Christine Bundgaard Anker, Christine Bodelund Christiansen, Tilo Moede, Per-Olof Berggren, Kjeld Hermansen, Soren Gregersen, Per Bendix Jeppesen
Summary: The study found that islet beta cells suppress glucagon secretion from alpha cells via direct cell-to-cell contact during co-culture, leading to a significant decrease in glucagon secretion from the alpha cells. However, this effect did not impact insulin secretion from beta cells, and the distribution of cells in co-culture differed from the in vivo arrangement of beta and alpha cells in mouse islets.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Diego Balboa, Tom Barsby, Vaino Lithovius, Jonna Saarimaki-Vire, Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi, Oleg Dyachok, Hossam Montaser, Per-Eric Lund, Mingyu Yang, Hazem Ibrahim, Anna Naatanen, Vikash Chandra, Helena Vihinen, Eija Jokitalo, Jouni Kvist, Jarkko Ustinov, Anni I. Nieminen, Emilia Kuuluvainen, Ville Hietakangas, Pekka Katajisto, Joey Lau, Per-Ola Carlsson, Sebastian Barg, Anders Tengholm, Timo Otonkoski
Summary: Transplanting pancreatic islet cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells has great potential for treating diabetes. This study generated functionally mature stem-cell-derived islets (SC-islets) using an optimized protocol and compared them comprehensively to primary adult islets. The results showed that SC-islets exhibited similar functional properties to adult islets in terms of insulin secretion, electrophysiology, signaling, and exocytosis. Additionally, single-cell transcriptomics revealed a continuous maturation trajectory of SC-islets in vitro and during engraftment in mice, closely resembling that of primary islets.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yi Cheng, Xin-Ming Yao, Si-Min Zhou, Yue Sun, Xiang-Jian Meng, Yong Wang, Yu-Jie Xing, Shu-Jun Wan, Qiang Hua
Summary: The study demonstrates that METTL3 improves methylglyoxal-induced impairment of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells by regulating MafA expression.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Huang, Zheng-Qiu Zhu, Zheng-Guo Zhou, Ling-Shan Chen, Ming Zhao, Yang Zhang, Hong-Bo Li, Li-Ping Yin
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2016)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ling-Shan Chen, Zheng-Qiu Zhu, Zhi-Tao Wang, Jing Li, Li-Feng Liang, Ji-Yang Jin, Zhong-Qiu Wang
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yunfei Ma, Lianfang Du, Fan Li, Zhengqiu Zhu
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lingshan Chen, Zhengqiu Zhu, Xingui Peng, Yuancheng Wang, Yaling Wang, Min Chen, Qi Wang, Jiyang Jin
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zheng-Qiu Zhu, Ling-Shan Chen, Han Wang, Fu-Ming Liu, Yun Luan, Lin-Lin Wu, Niu Liu, Pin Wang, Hui Huang
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zheng-Qiu Zhu, Dong Wang, Dan Xiang, Yue-Xing Yuan, Yao Wang
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2014)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Wang, Yunxia Zhu, Lu Gao, Han Yin, Zuoling Xie, Dong Wang, Zhengqiu Zhu, Xiao Han
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zhengqiu Zhu, Lingshan Chen, Wenjun Liu, Yiyun Wu, Chong Zou, Xinyi Zhang, Shanshan He, Yinping Wang, Bixiao Shen, Xuehui Ma, Hui Gao, Yun Luan, Hui Huang
Summary: The present study found an association between carotid stiffening quantified by ufPWV and SCORE categories. Elevated PWV-ES values may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xuehui Ma, Zhengqiu Zhu, Yinping Wang, Bixiao Shen, Xuezhong Jiang, Wenjun Liu, Yiyun Wu, Chong Zou, Yun Luan, Hui Gao, Hui Huang
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess carotid stiffening in a pre-hypertensive population using ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV). The results showed that there were differences in carotid morphological and biomechanical properties between the pre-hypertensive group and the normal blood pressure group. ufPWV could be used for an early evaluation of carotid stiffening linked to pre-hypertension.