Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Nathan, GRADE Study Res Grp, John M. Lachin, Ashok Balsubramanyam, Henry B. Burch, John B. Buse, Nicole M. Butera, Robert M. Cohen, Jill P. Crandall, Steven E. Kahn, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Mary E. Larkin, Neda Rasouli, Margaret Tiktin, Deborah J. Wexler, Naji Younes
Summary: In this trial, all four glucose-lowering medications added to metformin were effective in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels. Glargine and liraglutide showed modestly superior efficacy in achieving and maintaining target glycated hemoglobin levels.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arshiya Mariam, Galen Miller-Atkins, Kevin M. Pantalone, Robert S. Zimmerman, John Barnard, Michael W. Kattan, Hetal Shah, Howard L. McLeod, Alessandro Doria, Michael J. Wagner, John B. Buse, Alison A. Motsinger-Reif, Daniel M. Rotroff
Summary: The ACCORD trial identified a subset of type 2 diabetes patients who may benefit from intensive glycemia treatment, using a novel method to determine the beneficial group and showing that genetic variants can predict membership in this group.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhao Ding, Yang Zhao, Junhao Liu, Wenhao Ge, Xi Xu, Shiming Wang, Jianfa Zhang
Summary: This study found that dietary riclin can improve glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and insulin resistance in T2D patients. Riclin also alleviates inflammation, protects islet function, and restores gut microbiota diversity. The results suggest that riclin has the potential to be a functional food for the treatment of T2D.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hui-Xuan Wu, Tian-Yao Chu, Junaid Iqbal, Hong-Li Jiang, Long Li, Yan-Xuan Wu, Hou-De Zhou
Summary: The study compared the incidence risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in MODY is between that of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose A. Luchsinger, Naji Younes, Jennifer J. Manly, Joshua Barzilay, Willy Valencia, Mary E. Larkin, Corinna Falck-Ytter, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Rodica Pop-Busui, Hermes Florez, Elizabeth Seaquist
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes and a mean duration of <5 years, lower LDL levels and statin use were associated with slightly better executive cognitive function. SBP levels between 120-139 mmHg and DBP levels between 80-89 mmHg were also related to slightly better executive function.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark A. Sperling, Lori M. Laffel
Summary: A 12.5-year-old pubertal girl is referred to a tertiary medical center for management of new-onset diabetes mellitus. The initial evaluation reveals glucosuria but no ketonuria. She has no family history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and her physical examination is normal except for Tanner stage 3 breast and pubic hair development.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucas Raphael Bento Silva, Paulo Gentil, Camila Simoes Seguro, Gabriela Teles de Oliveira, Maria Sebastiana Silva, Antonio Roberto Zamuner, Thomas Beltrame, Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, as evidenced by lower HRV and slower HRR in T2D patients compared to controls. Fasting glycemia is a predictor of impaired cardiac autonomic modulation in T2D patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengying Wang, Jie Huang, Tao Wu, Lu Qi
Summary: The study found that pulse wave arterial stiffness index (ASI) is positively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), while the association between pulse pressure (PP) and T2D shows a nonlinear J-shaped relationship. Additionally, the association between ASI and T2D is more pronounced among individuals with higher genetic susceptibility to T2D.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengying Wang, Jie Huang, Tao Wu, Lu Qi
Summary: Pulse wave arterial stiffness index (ASI) showed a dose-response association with type 2 diabetes (T2D), while pulse pressure (PP) displayed a nonlinear J-shaped association with T2D. Additionally, the association between ASI and T2D was partially strengthened by higher genetic susceptibility to T2D.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leslie Farland, William J. Degnan, Holly R. Harris, Deirdre K. Tobias, Stacey A. Missmer
Summary: Overall, women with endometriosis were not at increased risk of type 2 diabetes. However, among subgroups at low risk for type 2 diabetes (i.e. non-obese women and women with no prior history of infertility or GDM), endometriosis was associated with a modest increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ehtasham Ahmad, Soo Lim, Roberta Lamptey, David R. Webb, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of global diabetes cases, with an increasing number of affected individuals, particularly among young people. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for preventing complications and reducing mortality. Technology and precision medicine offer potential improvements to treatment outcomes but face significant barriers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Katrina B. Dietsche, Sheela N. Magge, Sydney A. Dixon, Faith S. Davis, Andrea Krenek, Aruba Chowdhury, Lilian Mabundo, Michael Stagliano, Amber B. Courville, Shanna Yang, Sara Turner, Hongyi Cai, Kannan Kasturi, Arthur S. Sherman, Joon Ha, Eileen Shouppe, Mary Walter, Peter J. Walter, Kong Y. Chen, Robert J. Brychta, Cody Peer, Yi Zeng, William Figg, Fran Cogen, D. Elizabeth Estrada, Shaji Chacko, Stephanie T. Chung
Summary: This study evaluated the glucose-lowering mechanisms of metformin and liraglutide in African American youth with youth-onset type 2 diabetes. The results showed that both metformin and liraglutide improved glycemic control but did not suppress high rates of gluconeogenesis. Novel therapies targeting beta-cell function and elevated rates of gluconeogenesis are needed for youth-onset type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jia Liu, Lu Wang, Xuan Cui, Qian Shen, Dun Wu, Man Yang, Yunqiu Dong, Yongchao Liu, Hai Chen, Zhijie Yang, Yaqi Liu, Meng Zhu, Hongxia Ma, Guangfu Jin, Yun Qian
Summary: The aim of this study was to generate a polygenic risk score (PRS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and investigate its potential use in identifying high-risk individuals for lifestyle intervention among the Chinese population. The results showed that participants with a high PRS had a two-fold higher risk of developing T2D compared to those with a low PRS. Additionally, adopting a healthy lifestyle could reduce the disease risk of high-PRS individuals and improve the accuracy of risk stratification based on traditional clinical risk factors.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Renata B. Levy, Fernanda Rauber, Kiara Chang, Maria Laura da C. Louzada, Carlos A. Monteiro, Christopher Millett, Eszter P. Vamos
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between high UPF intake and increased risk of T2D. There was a trend of elevated T2D risk with increasing levels of UPF consumption, indicating the importance of reducing UPF consumption through effective public health interventions.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhihu Xu, Jianbo Jin, Teng Yang, Yuxin Wang, Jing Huang, Xiaochuan Pan, Kelly Frank, Guoxing Li
Summary: According to animal and human epidemiologic studies, exposure to outdoor light at night (LAN) may cause circadian disruption and increase the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A 14-year follow-up study of 283,374 individuals found that higher outdoor LAN exposures were associated with higher risk of T2DM and poorer sleep quality.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Topi Meuronen, Maria A. Lankinen, Olli Karkkainen, Markku Laakso, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Kati Hanhineva, Ursula Schwab
Summary: The FADS1 genotype and high-LA diet can modify plasma phospholipid composition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Halali, A. Lapvetelainen, K. Aittola, R. Mannikko, T. Tilles-Tirkkonen, E. Jarvela-Reijonen, P. Absetz, M. Kolehmainen, U. Schwab, J. Lindstrom, T. A. Lakka, J. Pihlajamaki, L. Karhunen
Summary: Frequent weight loss attempts may have an unfavorable impact on T2D risk factors and lifestyle intervention outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the effects of weight loss frequency on T2D risk factors and how to design lifestyle interventions for individuals with frequent previous weight loss attempts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Correction
Surgery
Pirjo Kakela, Ville Mannisto, Maija Vaittinen, Sari Venesmaa, Vesa Karja, Kirsi Virtanen, Hannu Paajanen, Jussi Pihlajamaki
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maliheh Nekouei Marvi Langari, Jaana Lindstrom, Pilvikki Absetz, Tiina Laatikainen, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Hannele Turunen
Summary: This qualitative study explored the perspectives of Asian and Russian immigrants in Finland on healthy lifestyle and counseling. The study found that immigrants have limited knowledge on healthy lifestyle dimensions and that culture and community have an impact on healthy living. Additionally, the study identified shortcomings in health care for providing healthy lifestyle counseling and highlighted the influential individual factors for using counseling. Overall, the study emphasized the importance of developing a culturally tailored healthy lifestyle counseling program for immigrants to prevent chronic diseases.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susanna Maria Kemppainen, Lilian Fernandes Silva, Maria Anneli Lankinen, Ursula Schwab, Markku Laakso
Summary: This study investigates the association between physical activity and metabolite signature, revealing that increased physical activity is linked to multiple metabolic pathways and is closely associated with maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Article
Biology
Max Tamlander, Nina Mars, Matti Pirinen, Elisabeth Widen, Samuli Ripatti
Summary: Max Tamlander et al. develop a method for preliminary cardiometabolic risk assessment by combining polygenic risk scores and clinical assessments. Their research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating genomic data with questionnaire-based risk factors in predicting coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Panu K. Luukkonen, Sami Qadri, Noora Ahlholm, Kimmo Porthan, Ville Mannisto, Henna Sammalkorpi, Anne K. Penttila, Antti Hakkarainen, Tiina E. Lehtimaki, Melania Gaggini, Amalia Gastaldelli, Mika Ala-Korpela, Marju Orho-Melander, Johanna Arola, Anne Juuti, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Leanne Hodson, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen
Summary: This study demonstrated that the mechanisms underlying the metabolic and genetic components of NAFLD are fundamentally different. The metabolic component is characterized by hepatic oversupply of substrates, while the genetic component is characterized by impaired hepatic mitochondrial function.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Guido A. Baselli, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Serena Pelusi, Ester Ciociola, Francesco Malvestiti, Marco Saracino, Luigi Santoro, Alessandro Cherubini, Paola Dongiovanni, Marco Maggioni, Cristiana Bianco, Federica Tavaglione, Annalisa Cespiati, Rosellina M. Mancina, Roberta D'Ambrosio, Valentina Vaira, Salvatore Petta, Luca Miele, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Alessandro Federico, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Anna L. Fracanzani, Helen L. Reeves, Giorgio Soardo, Daniele Prati, Stefano Romeo, Luca VC. Valenti
Summary: This study investigated the impact of rare variants on severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and found that loss-of-function variants in the ATG7 gene promote the progression of NAFLD.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Piia Lavikainen, Elina Mattila, Pilvikki Absetz, Marja Harjumaa, Jaana Lindstrom, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Kirsikka Aittola, Reija Mannikko, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Niina Lintu, Timo Lakka, Mark van Gils, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Janne Martikainen
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal usage patterns of the BitHabit app and its association with changes in T2D risk factors. The study identified different user engagement trajectories and found individual predictors for belonging to these trajectories.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eeva Rantala, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Kati Pettersson, Janne Laine, Paula Vartiainen, Johanna Narvainen, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Kaisa Poutanen, Pilvikki Absetz, Leila Karhunen
Summary: By promoting nutritionally favorable foods in a workplace cafeteria using priming posters, point-of-choice nutrition labels, and improved product placement, this study aimed to assess their effects on visual attention, food choices, and food consumption. The results showed that the intervention had insignificant effects on visual attention to foods, on food choices, and on food consumption.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Topi Meuronen, Maria A. Lankinen, Johan Kolmert, Vanessa de Mello Laaksonen, Taisa Sallinen, Jyrki Agren, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Markku Laakso, Craig E. Wheelock, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Ursula Schwab
Summary: This study investigated the interactions between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and variants of fatty acid desaturase (FADS), and found that different genotypes have different effects on plasma lipid fatty acid composition and bioactive lipid mediators. These findings suggest the potential for genotype-based recommendations for PUFA consumption, which can have beneficial effects on health.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rosaria M. Pipitone, Francesco Malvestiti, Grazia Pennisi, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Paola Dongiovanni, Giorgio Bertolazzi, Jussi Pihlajamaeki, Hannele Yki-Jaervinen, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Federica Tavaglione, Samantha Maurotti, Cristiana Bianco, Gabriele Di Maria, Marco Enea, Anna L. Fracanzani, Vesa Kaerjae, Giulia Lupo, Ville Maennistoe, Marica Meroni, Roberto Piciotti, Sami Qadri, Rossella Zito, Antonio Craxi, Vito Di Marco, Calogero Camma, Claudio Tripodo, Luca Valenti, Stefano Romeo, Salvatore Petta, Stefania Grimaudo
Summary: The study found that the variation in the PDCD1 gene is associated with liver inflammation and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The rs13023138 G>C variation was found to be associated with severe steatosis, NASH, and advanced fibrosis in individuals who underwent liver biopsy.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ursula Schwab, Maria Lankinen, Matti Uusitupa, Markku Laakso
Summary: Previous intervention studies have shown that lifestyle modifications can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the 3-year T2D-GENE trial, a less resource-demanding group and internet-based counseling was found to be feasible and effective in preventing T2D in individuals at high risk. The intervention included group sessions, web portal information, and activities, as well as monitoring of body weight and physical activity.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zong Miao, Kristina M. Garske, David Z. Pan, Amogha Koka, Dorota Kaminska, Ville Mannisto, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Paivi Pajukanta
Summary: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is rapidly increasing worldwide. Researchers utilized the large UK Biobank (UKB) dataset to accurately estimate NAFLD status based on common serum traits and anthropometric measures. This allowed them to identify 90 previously unknown NAFLD genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci, build a polygenic risk score (PRS) model for NAFLD, and discover a significant causal effect of NAFLD on coronary artery disease (CAD).
HUMAN GENETICS AND GENOMICS ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosellina M. Mancina, Kavitha Sasidharan, Anna Lindblom, Ying Wei, Ester Ciociola, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Piero Pingitore, Anne-Christine Andreasson, Giovanni Pellegrini, Guido Baselli, Ville Mannisto, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Vesa Karja, Stefania Grimaudo, Ilaria Marini, Marco Maggioni, Barbara Becattini, Federica Tavaglione, Carly Dix, Marie Castaldo, Stephanie Klein, Mark Perelis, Francois Pattou, Dorothee Thuillier, Violeta Raverdy, Paola Dongiovanni, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Felix Stickel, Jochen Hampe, Stephan Buch, Panu K. Luukkonen, Daniele Prati, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen, Salvatore Petta, Chao Xing, Clemens Schafmayer, Elmar Aigner, Christian Datz, Richard G. Lee, Luca Valenti, Daniel Linden, Stefano Romeo
Summary: This study identifies a genetic variant that reduces susceptibility to FLD and demonstrates that targeting this gene can protect against FLD.