Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Domenico Trico, Alessandro Mengozzi, Simona Baldi, Roberto Bizzotto, Oladapo Olaniru, Klaudia Toczyska, Guo Cai Huang, Marta Seghieri, Silvia Frascerra, Stephanie A. Amiel, Shanta Persaud, Peter Jones, Andrea Mari, Andrea Natali
Summary: The study found that mild acute hypertriglyceridemia impairs oral glucose tolerance and whole-body insulin sensitivity, resulting in increased post-glucose hyperinsulinemia due to reduced insulin clearance and enhanced hyperglycemia-induced total insulin secretion. Additionally, high-physiologic triglyceride levels can increase insulin secretion.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ji Yoon Kim, Jimi Choi, Yeongkeun Kwon, Sungsoo Park, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum FGF1 levels and metabolic parameters in adults with glucose intolerance. The results showed that individuals with higher FGF1 levels had lower insulin secretion, suggesting a possible interaction between FGF1 and beta cell function in humans.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose E. Galgani, Rodrigo Fernandez-Verdejo
Summary: Glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are oxidized to produce ATP for energy, and the complex adaptive systems in the body adjust fuel oxidation rates based on fuel availability. Metabolic flexibility refers to the ability of cells, tissues, or organisms to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability, which can be impaired in conditions like insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity. Mitochondrial dysfunction in these conditions has been linked to metabolic inflexibility and overall metabolic health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sriram Gubbi, Ranganath Muniyappa, Susmeeta T. Sharma, Shivraj Grewal, Raven McGlotten, Lynnette K. Nieman
Summary: Short-term administration of mifepristone improved adipose and hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese individuals with hyperglycemia but without hypercortisolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gareth J. Dunseath, Stephen D. Luzio, Rajesh Peter, David R. Owens
Summary: The study found that as fasting glucose levels increased, postprandial glucose peaks also increased progressively, while beta-cell secretory capacity decreased. In patients with IGT, there was a significant decrease in early insulin response to intravenous glucose, accompanied by a dramatic drop in insulin sensitivity.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeria Fridman D'Alessandro, Atsuro Takeshita, Taro Yasuma, Masaaki Toda, Corina N. D'Alessandro-Gabazza, Yuko Okano, Suphachai Tharavecharak, Chisa Inoue, Kota Nishihama, Hajime Fujimoto, Tetsu Kobayashi, Yutaka Yano, Esteban C. Gabazza
Summary: Diabetic nephropathy, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The overexpression of transforming growth factor beta 1 is associated with insulin resistance and rapid progression of kidney fibrosis under diabetic conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudia Piona, Sonia Volpi, Chiara Zusi, Enza Mozzillo, Antonella Tosco, Adriana Franzese, Valeria Raia, Maria Linda Boselli, Maddalena Trombetta, Marco Cipolli, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Claudio Maffeis
Summary: In patients with cystic fibrosis, each of the 5 glucose tolerance stages demonstrates a distinct pattern of defects in the direct determinants of glucose regulation. Early elevation of AGT140 patients significantly differ from NGT and are similar to IGT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Quiana C. Wilkerson-Vidal, Madushika Wimalarathne, Genoah Collins, James Gerard Wolfsberger, Amelia Clopp, Luis Mercado, Evann Fowler, Helen Gibson, Victoria McConnell, Sidney Martin, Emily C. Hunt, Bernhard Vogler, Sharifa T. Love-Rutledge
Summary: This study found that young adult 1WR1 rats develop impaired glucose tolerance due to poor regulation of insulin, possibly indicating underlying insulin resistance. After 8 weeks, 1WR1 rats showed significantly reduced glucose tolerance, increased body mass, and increased levels of circulating insulin and glucagon proteins. However, the beta cell area in the 1WR1 rats was significantly reduced.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Zhang, Laura K. Simpson, Nicholas P. Carbone, Michael F. Hirshman, Pasquale Nigro, Maria Vamvini, Laurie J. Goodyear, Roeland J. W. Middelbeek
Summary: Exercise training can improve glycemic control and insulin secretion in adults with type 2 diabetes, possibly through improved processing of insulin and increased beta-cell function. A 10-week moderate-intensity exercise program was found to enhance glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and late-phase insulin secretion in individuals with type 2 diabetes. These improvements were associated with changes in VO2peak and correlated with changes in concentrations of Ras-Responsive Element Binding Protein 1 (RREB1), suggesting a potential inhibitory role of RREB1 on insulin secretion.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Retnakaran, Chang Ye, Anthony J. Hanley, Philip W. Connelly, Mathew Sermer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: This study compared postpartum glucose tolerance between women treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those not treated. The results showed that treating GDM lowers birth weight but does not disrupt the association between gestational glycemia and maternal prediabetes/diabetes after pregnancy. Insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function decreased, while fasting and 2-h glucose levels increased progressively across the five groups.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Harshal A. Deshmukh, Anne Lundager Madsen, Ana Vinuela, Christian Theil Have, Niels Grarup, Andrea Tura, Anubha Mahajan, Alison J. Heggie, Robert W. Koivula, Federico De Masi, Konstantinos K. Tsirigos, Allan Linneberg, Thomas Drivsholm, Oluf Pedersen, Thorkild I. A. Sorensen, Arne Astrup, Anette A. P. Gjesing, Imre Pavo, Andrew R. Wood, Hartmut Ruetten, Angus G. Jones, Anitra D. M. Koopman, Henna Cederberg, Femke Rutters, Martin Ridderstrale, Markku Laakso, Mark McCarthy, Tim M. Frayling, Ele Ferrannini, Paul W. Franks, Ewan R. Pearson, Andrea Mari, Torben Hansen, Mark Walker
Summary: Through a genome-wide meta-analysis, we have identified variations in the GIPR-QPCTL and CDKAL1 loci as key determinants of pancreatic beta-cell glucose sensitivity. These results indicate that genetic variations play a significant role in regulating beta-cell glucose sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Etienne Delangre, Gaelle Pommier, Stefania Tolu, Benjamin Uzan, Danielle Bailbe, Jamileh Movassat
Summary: In this study, the effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on glucocorticoid-induced metabolic disorders were investigated using rat models. The results showed that lithium significantly reduced insulin resistance and improved glucose tolerance, accompanied by decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis. In addition, lithium enhanced insulin secretion. These findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of lithium in mitigating the adverse metabolic effects of chronic glucocorticoid therapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jaapna Dhillon, Jose A. Viscarra, John W. Newman, Oliver Fiehn, Daniel E. Crocker, Rudy M. Ortiz
Summary: The study demonstrates the important role of GLP-1 in the metabolism of postweaning northern elephant seal pups, showing that it promotes glycolysis, suppresses gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis, ultimately increasing glucose clearance. These GLP-1-mediated effects help conserve glucose during late-fasting periods in pups.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dewei Ye, Jiating Huang, Jiaming Wu, Kang Xie, Xiang Gao, Kaixuan Yan, Pengfei Zhang, Ying Tao, Yun Li, Shufei Zang, Xianglu Rong, Jun Li, Jiao Guo
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by high blood sugar and insulin resistance during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, which poses significant risks to both the mother and fetus. Through a study on a group of pregnant women with GDM and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), we discovered microbial and metabolic alterations associated with GDM. These findings provide insight into the mechanistic link between altered gut microbiota and GDM, and suggest that targeting the gut microbiota could be a promising intervention for GDM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jerad Dumolt, Theresa L. Powell, Thomas Jansson, Fredrick J. Rosario
Summary: Infants born to obese mothers have a higher risk of childhood obesity and insulin resistance. Lower levels of maternal adiponectin, a hormone associated with placental nutrient transport and fetal overgrowth, contribute to these risks. Previous research showed that supplementing adiponectin in obese mice during pregnancy prevented obesity and metabolic dysfunction in their offspring. This study further demonstrates the importance of maternal adiponectin levels in the development of metabolic diseases in offspring and suggests that improving these levels could prevent long-term metabolic dysfunction in children of obese mothers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Moriconi, M. L. Manca, M. Anselmino, E. Rebelos, R. Bellini, S. Taddei, E. Ferrannini, M. Nannipieri
Summary: This study assessed the impact of bariatric surgery on remission and relapse of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and analyzed predictive factors. The results showed that bariatric surgery significantly improved BMI, fasting glucose, and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The remission rates at 1 and 10 years post-surgery were 74% and 53% respectively. T2DM duration, baseline HbA1c, and ensuing insulin therapy were identified as the strongest predictors of remission. Short T2DM duration and good glycemic control before surgery were essential for long-lasting remission, while weight loss did not impact the long-term relapse of T2DM.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sanna Laurila, Eleni Rebelos, Minna Lahesmaa, Lihua Sun, Katharina Schnabl, Tia-Mari Peltomaa, Riku Klen, Mueez U-Din, Miikka-Juhani Honka, Olli Eskola, Anna K. Kirjavainen, Lauri Nummenmaa, Martin Klingenspor, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: The study investigated the effects of the gastrointestinal hormone secretin on the myocardium and kidneys. The results showed that secretin increased myocardial glucose uptake and renal clearance, demonstrating its potential as a drug candidate for heart and kidney failure studies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Pekkarinen, Tatu Kantonen, Eleni Rebelos, Aino Latva-Rasku, Prince Dadson, Tomi Karjalainen, Marco Bucci, Kari Kalliokoski, Kirsi Laitinen, Noora Houttu, Anna K. Kirjavainen, Johan Rajander, Tapani Roennemaa, Lauri Nummenmaa, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: This study investigates alterations in brain glucose uptake, insulin action in the brain-liver axis, and whole-body insulin sensitivity in young adults in a pre-obese state.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Eleni Rebelos, Nikolaos Tentolouris
Article
Surgery
Eleni Rebelos, Diego Moriconi, Miikka-Juhani Honka, Marco Anselmino, Monica Nannipieri
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at baseline and T2D remission following bariatric surgery affect weight loss outcome. The results showed that the presence of T2D at baseline was associated with smaller weight loss following bariatric surgery, especially in patients who did not achieve diabetes remission.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Moriconi, Monica Nannipieri, Prince Dadson, Javier Rosada, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Eleni Rebelos
Summary: Obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, but weight loss induced by bariatric surgery can improve obesity-related glomerulopathy and renal function. However, assessing the impact of obesity and weight loss on renal function is challenging.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Ekblad, Eleni Rebelos
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eleni Rebelos, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Edward Jude
Summary: Vitamin D insufficiency is common in the general population and it may have pleiotropic effects beyond bone health. Although supplementation of vitamin D is considered safe and inexpensive, the effects on various diseases are not well-established. Future studies need to carefully consider the challenges in assessing the potential benefits of vitamin D, such as the evaluation of the whole vitamin D endocrine system and use of adequate dosing.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lihua Sun, Sanna Laurila, Minna Lahesmaa, Eleni Rebelos, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Katharina Schnabl, Martin Klingenspor, Lauri Nummenmaa, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: This study reveals that secretin can induce satiation by modulating the metabolic communication between brown adipose tissue and the brain. Secretin regulates the brain response to appetite-inducing stimuli and improves inhibitory control, leading to increased feelings of fullness.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Diego Moriconi, Monica Nannipieri, Eleni Rebelos
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martina Chiriaco, Lorenzo Nesti, Andrea Natali, Nicola Santoro, Sonia Caprio, Domenico Trico
Summary: In youths with obesity, an elevated TG/HDL ratio is associated with high concentrations of proatherogenic lipoprotein subclasses. This phenotype may explain the increased cardiovascular risk associated with a high TG/HDL ratio.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mueez U-Din, Eleni Rebelos, Teemu Saari, Tarja Niemi, Katharina Kuellmer, Olli Eskola, Tobias Fromme, Johan Rajander, Markku Taittonen, Martin Klingenspor, Pirjo Nuutila, Lauri Nummenmaa, Kirsi A. Virtanen
Summary: The expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (BAT) is directly related to brain metabolism during cold stress. This relationship is observed in various brain regions, such as the hypothalamus, medulla, and frontal lobe. Future research is needed to determine the clinical implications of these findings, particularly in relation to cognitive functions under cold stress.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martina Chiriaco, Lorenzo Nesti, Allan Flyvbjerg, Alain Golay, Julie-Anne Nazare, Christian-Heinz Anderwald, Asimina Mitrakou, Roberto Bizzotto, Andrea Mari, Andrea Natali
Summary: The impact of obesity on glucose homeostasis varies greatly among individuals, which may be attributed to different concentrations of adipokines. Subjects with inappropriately elevated leptin levels for their fat mass show whole-body/adipose tissue insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, regardless of BMI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni Rebelos, Andrea Mari, Miikka-Juhani Honka, Laura Pekkarinen, Aino Latva-Rasku, Sanna Laurila, Johan Rajander, Paulina Salminen, Hidehiro Iida, Ele Ferrannini, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: This study confirms differences in renal cortical glucose uptake rates between people with obesity and healthy non-obese controls. Moreover, the negative correlations between renal cortical glucose uptake and free fatty acids, ketone bodies, and citrate suggest substrate competition in the renal cortex.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
E. Rebelos, A. Mari, V. Oikonen, H. Iida, P. Nuutila, E. Ferrannini