Enhanced electrochemical glucose-sensing properties of NiO nanospheres modified with indium

In this work, a binder-free and environmentally benign method is developed to synthesize indium-doped nickel oxide material on nickel foam at room temperature for glucose detection. Through SEM and XPS measurement, we prove the successful doping of indium ions into the crystal lattice of nickel oxide and reveal the transformation of the nickel oxide material after doped. With the help of more absorbed state oxygen, this material exhibits unique advantages for the oxidation of glucose. As a result, the sensitivity of this material reaches 57000 mu A mu M-1 cm(-2) and the limit of detection on glucose is 0.02 mu mol L-1. The improved sensing performance of the nickel oxide material indicates the effective influence of indium ions in NiO material and advances our understanding of non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors.